Achievable Rate of Rician Large-Scale MIMO Channels with Transceiver Hardware Impairments

Transceiver hardware impairments (e.g., phase noise, in-phase/quadrature-phase (I/Q) imbalance, amplifier non-linearities, and quantization errors) have obvious degradation effects on the performance of wireless communications. While prior works have improved our knowledge on the influence of hardware impairments of single-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems over Rayleigh fading channels, an analysis encompassing the Rician fading channel is not yet available. In this paper, we pursue a detailed analysis of regular and large-scale (LS) MIMO systems over Rician fading channels by deriving new, closed-form expressions for the achievable rate to provide several important insights for practical system design. More specifically, for regular MIMO systems with hardware impairments, there is always a finite achievable rate ceiling, which is irrespective of the transmit power and fading conditions. For LS-MIMO systems, it is interesting to find that the achievable rate loss depends on the Rician $K$-factor, which reveals that the favorable propagation in LS-MIMO systems can remove the influence of hardware impairments. However, we show that the non-ideal LS-MIMO system can still achieve high spectral efficiency due to its huge degrees of freedom.Comment: 7 pages, 1 table, 3 figures, accepted to appear in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technolog

On the Multivariate Gamma-Gamma (ΓΓ\Gamma \Gamma) Distribution with Arbitrary Correlation and Applications in Wireless Communications

The statistical properties of the multivariate Gamma-Gamma ($\Gamma \Gamma$) distribution with arbitrary correlation have remained unknown. In this paper, we provide analytical expressions for the joint probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF) and moment generation function of the multivariate $\Gamma \Gamma$ distribution with arbitrary correlation. Furthermore, we present novel approximating expressions for the PDF and CDF of the sum of $\Gamma \Gamma$ random variables with arbitrary correlation. Based on this statistical analysis, we investigate the performance of radio frequency and optical wireless communication systems. It is noteworthy that the presented expressions include several previous results in the literature as special cases.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technolog