18,857 research outputs found
Neuromorphometric characterization with shape functionals
This work presents a procedure to extract morphological information from
neuronal cells based on the variation of shape functionals as the cell geometry
undergoes a dilation through a wide interval of spatial scales. The targeted
shapes are alpha and beta cat retinal ganglion cells, which are characterized
by different ranges of dendritic field diameter. Image functionals are expected
to act as descriptors of the shape, gathering relevant geometric and
topological features of the complex cell form. We present a comparative study
of classification performance of additive shape descriptors, namely, Minkowski
functionals, and the nonadditive multiscale fractal. We found that the proposed
measures perform efficiently the task of identifying the two main classes alpha
and beta based solely on scale invariant information, while also providing
intraclass morphological assessment
First-principles kinetic modeling in heterogeneous catalysis: an industrial perspective on best-practice, gaps and needs
Electronic structure calculations have emerged as a key contributor in modern heterogeneous catalysis research, though their application in chemical reaction engineering remains largely limited to academia. This perspective aims at encouraging the judicious use of first-principles kinetic models in industrial settings based on a critical discussion of present-day best practices, identifying existing gaps, and defining where further progress is needed
Exhaustible sets in higher-type computation
We say that a set is exhaustible if it admits algorithmic universal
quantification for continuous predicates in finite time, and searchable if
there is an algorithm that, given any continuous predicate, either selects an
element for which the predicate holds or else tells there is no example. The
Cantor space of infinite sequences of binary digits is known to be searchable.
Searchable sets are exhaustible, and we show that the converse also holds for
sets of hereditarily total elements in the hierarchy of continuous functionals;
moreover, a selection functional can be constructed uniformly from a
quantification functional. We prove that searchable sets are closed under
intersections with decidable sets, and under the formation of computable images
and of finite and countably infinite products. This is related to the fact,
established here, that exhaustible sets are topologically compact. We obtain a
complete description of exhaustible total sets by developing a computational
version of a topological Arzela--Ascoli type characterization of compact
subsets of function spaces. We also show that, in the non-empty case, they are
precisely the computable images of the Cantor space. The emphasis of this paper
is on the theory of exhaustible and searchable sets, but we also briefly sketch
applications
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