616,566 research outputs found
Floating Point Square Root under HUB Format
Unit-Biased (HUB) is an emerging format based on
shifting the representation line of the binary numbers by half
unit in the last place. The HUB format is specially relevant
for computers where rounding to nearest is required because
it is performed simply by truncation. From a hardware point
of view, the circuits implementing this representation save both
area and time since rounding does not involve any carry propagation.
Designs to perform the four basic operations have been
proposed under HUB format recently. Nevertheless, the square
root operation has not been confronted yet. In this paper we
present an architecture to carry out the square root operation
under HUB format for floating point numbers. The results of
this work keep supporting the fact that the HUB representation
involves simpler hardware than its conventional counterpart for
computers requiring round-to-nearest mode.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec
Portable random number generators
Computers are deterministic devices, and a computer-generated random number is a contradiction in terms. As a result, computer-generated pseudorandom numbers are fraught with peril for the unwary. We summarize much that is known about the most well-known pseudorandom number generators: congruential generators. We also provide machine-independent programs to implement the generators in any language that has 32-bit signed integers-for example C, C++, and FORTRAN. Based on an extensive search, we provide parameter values better than those previously available.Programming (Mathematics) ; Computers
Quantum Computing with Very Noisy Devices
In theory, quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum physics, factor
large numbers and estimate integrals, thus solving otherwise intractable
computational problems. In practice, quantum computers must operate with noisy
devices called ``gates'' that tend to destroy the fragile quantum states needed
for computation. The goal of fault-tolerant quantum computing is to compute
accurately even when gates have a high probability of error each time they are
used. Here we give evidence that accurate quantum computing is possible with
error probabilities above 3% per gate, which is significantly higher than what
was previously thought possible. However, the resources required for computing
at such high error probabilities are excessive. Fortunately, they decrease
rapidly with decreasing error probabilities. If we had quantum resources
comparable to the considerable resources available in today's digital
computers, we could implement non-trivial quantum computations at error
probabilities as high as 1% per gate.Comment: 47 page
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