4,198 research outputs found
Analytic model for a frictional shallow-water undular bore
We use the integrable Kaup-Boussinesq shallow water system, modified by a
small viscous term, to model the formation of an undular bore with a steady
profile. The description is made in terms of the corresponding integrable
Whitham system, also appropriately modified by friction. This is derived in
Riemann variables using a modified finite-gap integration technique for the
AKNS scheme. The Whitham system is then reduced to a simple first-order
differential equation which is integrated numerically to obtain an asymptotic
profile of the undular bore, with the local oscillatory structure described by
the periodic solution of the unperturbed Kaup-Boussinesq system. This solution
of the Whitham equations is shown to be consistent with certain jump conditions
following directly from conservation laws for the original system. A comparison
is made with the recently studied dissipationless case for the same system,
where the undular bore is unsteady.Comment: 24 page
Modulation of Camassa--Holm equation and reciprocal transformations
We derive the modulation equations or Whitham equations for the Camassa--Holm
(CH) equation. We show that the modulation equations are hyperbolic and admit
bi-Hamiltonian structure. Furthermore they are connected by a reciprocal
transformation to the modulation equations of the first negative flow of the
Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation. The reciprocal transformation is generated by
the Casimir of the second Poisson bracket of the KdV averaged flow. We show
that the geometry of the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the KdV and CH modulation
equations is quite different: indeed the KdV averaged bi-Hamiltonian structure
can always be related to a semisimple Frobenius manifold while the CH one
cannot
Generalised Fourier Transform and Perturbations to Soliton Equations
A brief survey of the theory of soliton perturbations is presented. The focus
is on the usefulness of the so-called Generalised Fourier Transform (GFT). This
is a method that involves expansions over the complete basis of `squared
olutions` of the spectral problem, associated to the soliton equation. The
Inverse Scattering Transform for the corresponding hierarchy of soliton
equations can be viewed as a GFT where the expansions of the solutions have
generalised Fourier coefficients given by the scattering data.
The GFT provides a natural setting for the analysis of small perturbations to
an integrable equation: starting from a purely soliton solution one can
`modify` the soliton parameters such as to incorporate the changes caused by
the perturbation.
As illustrative examples the perturbed equations of the KdV hierarchy, in
particular the Ostrovsky equation, followed by the perturbation theory for the
Camassa- Holm hierarchy are presented.Comment: 20 pages, no figures, to appear in: Discrete and Continuous Dynamical
Systems
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