Recommendation Networks and the Long Tail of Electronic Commerce

It has been conjectured that the peer-based recommendations associated with electronic commerce lead to a redistribution of demand from popular products or 'blockbusters' to less popular or 'niche' products, and that electronic markets will therefore be characterized by a 'long tail' of demand and revenue. In this paper, we develop a novel method to test this conjecture and we report on results contrasting the demand distributions of books in over 200 distinct categories on Amazon.com. Viewing each product as having a unique position in a hyperlinked network of recommendations between products that is analogous to shelf position in traditional commerce, we quantify the extent to which a product is in uenced by its recommendation network position by using a variant of Google's PageRank measure of centrality. We then associate the average level of network influence on each category with the inequality in the distribution of its demand and revenue, quantifying this inequality using the Gini coefficient derived from the category's Lorenz curve. We establish that categories whose products are influenced more by recommendations have significantly flatter demand distributions, even after controlling for variations in average category demand, the category's size and measures of price dispersion. Our empirical findings indicate that doubling the average influence of recommendations on a category is associated with an average increase in the relative demand for the least popular 20% of products by about 50%, and a average reduction in the relative demand for the most popular 20% by about 12%. We also show that this e¤ect is enhanced when there is assortative mixing in the recommendation network, and in categories whose products are more evenly influenced by recommendations. The direction of these results persist across time, across both demand and revenue distributions, and across both daily and weekly demand aggregations. Our work offers new ideas for assessing the influence of networks on demand and revenue patterns in electronic commerce, and provides new empirical evidence supporting the impact of visible recommendations on the long tail of electronic commerce

University of the State of New York -- 13th accountant examination, January 28, 1903: Auditing, commercial law

The Regents of the University shall make rules for the examination of persons applying for certificates under this act, and may appoint a board of three examiners for the purpose. . Laws of 1896, ch. 312, 2. The auditing section has 15 questions. Candidates are to answer 10 questions but no more. The commercial law section has 15 questions. Candidates are to answer 10 questions but no more

University of the State of New York -- 14th accountant examination, June 24, 1903: Auditing, commercial law

The Regents of the University shall make rules for the examination of persons applying for certificates under this act, and may appoint a board of three examiners for the purpose. . The auditing section has 15 questions. Candidates are to answer 10 questions but no more. The commercial law section has 15 questions. Candidates are to answer 10 questions but no more

Review of City of Disorder: How the Quality of Life Campaign Transformed New York Politics. Alex Vitale

Book review of Alex Vitale, City of Disorder: How the Quality of Life Campaign Transformed New York Politics. New York: New York University Press, 2008. $40.00 hardcover,$20.00 papercover

Snap Shots: Geneseo State Normal, 1918

This pictorial of Geneseo Normal School scenes is an attractive, thorough “snap shot” of the school as it existed at nearly 50 years old. Included are photographs taken from within and without “Old Main,” then still the school’s sole building (albeit with all its added wings and annexes)—different scenes and activities within the library, kindergarten, and other training school classrooms; athletic teams and facilities; orchestra and dramatics; plus a few outdoor scenes. The inclusion of photos of the Court St. kindergarten, the Union School on Center St., and the infirmary on North St. (one of the first of its kind in the nation) illustrates the school’s early expansion and influence in the community. Well-framed and composed, the photographs manage to portray the people and places of GNS to maximum effect. One photo in particular, captioned “Winter Sports—Tobogganing,” offers a rare view of the Old Main “complex” looking up the hill from the west, a wooden fence in the mid-ground suggesting the limits of campus development at the time. This slim little album is peppered throughout, curiously but adorably, with photos of birds and other little critters—including two owls on a branch (“Get Wisdom”) and a squirrel’s head just visible in the knothole of a tree (“Good Morning”). (summary written by Liz Argentieri)https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/historical-reprints/1016/thumbnail.jp

Don\u27t Get FED Up Teaching the Same Old Classes

Bibliography and photographs of a display of government documents from State University College, Genesco, New York.https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/lib-services-govdoc-display-education/1000/thumbnail.jp

Public Interest Legal Career Fair

https://larc.cardozo.yu.edu/flyers-2016-2017/1036/thumbnail.jp

Collaborating to Build and Implement a Shared Health Equity Research Agenda: A Report on the Three Campus Community Conversation

In March of 2020 New York State’s Gov. Andrew Cuomo charged Havidan Rodríguez, President of the University at Albany, SUNY, with leading a team of public health, social welfare, emergency preparedness and other experts from both research and practice in a study of the environmental, socioeconomic and occupational factors causing Latinx and Black individuals in the state to be disproportionately harmed by COVID-19. See www.albany.edu/mhd. In pursing this charge and at the request of President Rodríguez, the Vice President for Research at the University at Albany, Dr. James Dias partnered with the Vice President for Research from SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Dr. David Christini, and the Vice President for Research from SUNY Upstate Medical University, Dr. David Amberg, to strengthen existing and build new research and practice collaborations focused on health equity. With this goal in mind, Dias, Christini and Amberg laid out a three-phase plan to produce the shared agenda and to begin working collaboratively on that agenda. This document reports on Phase 1 of the three-phase plan including presenting a set of recommendations for the Shared Health Equity Agenda and creating the enabling conditions for success. This document is presented as input to the ongoing discussions about a shared health equity research agenda. As such, it may help guide near-term decisions about priorities, timeline, action steps, metrics, and entities responsible for building the agenda