50,565 research outputs found
Reflection and Refraction of Bose-condensate Excitations
We investigate the transmission and reflection of Bose-condensate excitations
in the low energy limit across a potential barrier separating two condensates
with different densities. The Bogoliubov excitation in the low energy limit has
the incident angle where the perfect transmission occurs. This condition
corresponds to the Brewster's law for the electromagnetic wave. The total
internal reflection of the Bogoliubov excitation is found to occur at a large
incident angle in the low energy limit. The anomalous tunneling named by Kagan
et al. [Yu. Kagan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 130402 (2003)] can be
understood in terms of the impedance matching. In the case of the normal
incidence, comparison with the results in Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids is made.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure
Organic Liquid TPCs for Neutrino Physics
We present a new concept for anti-neutrino detection, an organic liquid TPC
with a volume of the order of m and an energy resolution of the order of 1%
at 3 MeV and a sub-cm spatial resolution.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Two-dimensional quantum liquids from interacting non-Abelian anyons
A set of localized, non-Abelian anyons - such as vortices in a p_x + i p_y
superconductor or quasiholes in certain quantum Hall states - gives rise to a
macroscopic degeneracy. Such a degeneracy is split in the presence of
interactions between the anyons. Here we show that in two spatial dimensions
this splitting selects a unique collective state as ground state of the
interacting many-body system. This collective state can be a novel gapped
quantum liquid nucleated inside the original parent liquid (of which the anyons
are excitations). This physics is of relevance for any quantum Hall plateau
realizing a non-Abelian quantum Hall state when moving off the center of the
plateau.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Multiple crossovers in interacting quantum wires
We study tunneling of electrons into and between interacting wires in the
spin-incoherent regime subject to a magnetic field. The tunneling currents
follow power laws of the applied voltage with exponents that depend on whether
the electron spins at the relevant length scales are polarized or disordered.
The crossover length (or energy) scale is exponential in the applied field. In
a finite size wire multiple crossovers can occur.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Semi-local quantum liquids
Gauge/gravity duality applied to strongly interacting systems at finite
density predicts a universal intermediate energy phase to which we refer as a
semi-local quantum liquid. Such a phase is characterized by a finite spatial
correlation length, but an infinite correlation time and associated nontrivial
scaling behavior in the time direction, as well as a nonzero entropy density.
For a holographic system at a nonzero chemical potential, this unstable phase
sets in at an energy scale of order of the chemical potential, and orders at
lower energies into other phases; examples include superconductors and
antiferromagnetic-type states. In this paper we give examples in which it also
orders into Fermi liquids of "heavy" fermions. While the precise nature of the
lower energy state depends on the specific dynamics of the individual system,
we argue that the semi-local quantum liquid emerges universally at intermediate
energies through deconfinement (or equivalently fractionalization). We also
discuss the possible relevance of such a semi-local quantum liquid to heavy
electron systems and the strange metal phase of high temperature cuprate
superconductors.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figure
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