164 research outputs found
Fog-supported delay-constrained energy-saving live migration of VMs over multiPath TCP/IP 5G connections
The incoming era of the fifth-generation fog computing-supported radio access networks (shortly, 5G FOGRANs) aims at exploiting computing/networking resource virtualization, in order to augment the limited resources of wireless devices through the seamless live migration of virtual machines (VMs) toward nearby fog data centers. For this purpose, the bandwidths of the multiple wireless network interface cards of the wireless devices may be aggregated under the control of the emerging MultiPathTCP (MPTCP) protocol. However, due to the fading and mobility-induced phenomena, the energy consumptions of the current state-of-the-art VM migration techniques may still offset their expected benefits. Motivated by these considerations, in this paper, we analytically characterize and implement in software and numerically test the optimal minimum-energy settable-complexity bandwidth manager (SCBM) for the live migration of VMs over 5G FOGRAN MPTCP connections. The key features of the proposed SCBM are that: 1) its implementation complexity is settable on-line on the basis of the target energy consumption versus implementation complexity tradeoff; 2) it minimizes the network energy consumed by the wireless device for sustaining the migration process under hard constraints on the tolerated migration times and downtimes; and 3) by leveraging a suitably designed adaptive mechanism, it is capable to quickly react to (possibly, unpredicted) fading and/or mobility-induced abrupt changes of the wireless environment without requiring forecasting. The actual effectiveness of the proposed SCBM is supported by extensive energy versus delay performance comparisons that cover: 1) a number of heterogeneous 3G/4G/WiFi FOGRAN scenarios; 2) synthetic and real-world workloads; and, 3) MPTCP and wireless connections
Fixed-Mobile Convergence in the 5G era: From Hybrid Access to Converged Core
The availability of different paths to communicate to a user or device
introduces several benefits, from boosting enduser performance to improving
network utilization. Hybrid access is a first step in enabling convergence of
mobile and fixed networks, however, despite traffic optimization, this approach
is limited as fixed and mobile are still two separate core networks
inter-connected through an aggregation point. On the road to 5G networks, the
design trend is moving towards an aggregated network, where different access
technologies share a common anchor point in the core. This enables further
network optimization in addition to hybrid access, examples are userspecific
policies for aggregation and improved traffic balancing across different
accesses according to user, network, and service context. This paper aims to
discuss the ongoing work around hybrid access and network convergence by
Broadband Forum and 3GPP. We present some testbed results on hybrid access and
analyze some primary performance indicators such as achievable data rates, link
utilization for aggregated traffic and session setup latency. We finally
discuss the future directions for network convergence to enable future
scenarios with enhanced configuration capabilities for fixed and mobile
convergence.Comment: to appear in IEEE Networ
Performance evaluation of multipath transport protocol in heterogeneous network environments
Performance of multipath transport protocols is known to be sensitive to path asymmetry. The difference between each path in terms of bandwidth, delay and packet loss has a potential to significantly decrease the overall performance of a data flow carried over multiple asymmetric paths. In this paper, we evaluate and analyse reliable data transfer in Concurrent Multipath Transfer extension of Stream Control Transport Protocol (CMT-SCTP) under various conditions of network asymmetry, with a focus on the use case where 3G and Wi-Fi networks are simultaneously available. We identify various causes of performance degradation, review the impact of CMT-SACK extension under path asymmetry and show that the total achievable goodput of a reliable in-order data flow over multiple heterogeneous paths is ruled by the characteristics of the worst path as perceived by the transport protocol. To support our study, we derive a simple analytical model of the receiver window blocking and validate it via simulation
Socket Intents: OS Support for Using Multiple Access Networks and its Benefits for Web Browsing
In today's Internet, mobile devices are connected to multiple access
networks, e.g., WiFi/DSL and LTE. To take advantage of the networks' diverse
paths characteristics (delay, bandwidth, and reliability) and aggregate
bandwidth, we need smart strategies for choosing which interface(s) to use for
what traffic. In this paper, we present an approach how to tackle this
challenge as part of the Operating System (OS): With the concept of Socket
Intents, applications can express what they know about their communication
pattern and their preferences. Using our Socket Intents Prototype and our
modified BSD Socket Interface, this information is used to choose the most
appropriate path or path combination on a per message or per connection basis.
We evaluate our system based on the use case of Web browsing: Using our
prototype and a client-side proxy, we show the feasibility and benefits of our
design. Using a flow-based simulator and a full factorial experimental design,
we study a broad range of access network combinations (based on typical DSL and
LTE scenarios) and real workloads (Alexa Top 100 and Top 1000 Web Sites). Our
policies achieve performance benefits in more than 50% of the cases and
speedups of more than factor two in 20% of the cases without adding overhead in
the other cases.Comment: Submitted to IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networkin
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