54,639 research outputs found
Death - Cultural, philosophical and religious aspects
About death, grief, mourning, life after death and immortality. Why should we die like humans to survive as a species.
"No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new." (Steve Jobs)
CONTENTS:
Death
- Philosophy of death
- Religions
- - Animism
- - Atheism
- - Buddhism
- - Christianity
- - Hinduism
- - Islam
- - Jainism
- - Jehovah's Witnesses
- - Judaism
- - Latter-day Saints
- - Spiritism
- Symbolism
- Personification of Death
- - Notable personifications
- - In mythologies
- - - Hindu mythology
- - - In Japan
- - - Slavic paganism
- - - Lithuanian paganism
- - In the three monotheistic religions
- - - Judaism
- - - Christianity
- - - In Mexico
- - - Islam
- Axiochos
- - The characters of dialogue
- - Dialogue
- - Prologue
- - Arguments
- - Citations
- Paradise
- - Greco-Roman mythology
- - Mesopotamian mythology and influences
- - According to Judaism
- - According to Christianity
- - - According to Catholicism
- - - According to Protestantism
- - - According to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- - According to Islam
- - According to Hinduism
- - According to modern spiritualities
- - - According to the esoteric
- Hell
- - Mesopotamian origins
- - According to Christianity
- - - Names appearing in the biblical texts
- - - Medieval artistic representations
- - - Concepts according to Christian movements
- - According to Judaism
- - According to Islam
- - According to Buddhism
- - According to Hinduism
- - According to modern esotericism
- - - According to AĂŻvanhov
- - - According to Allan Kardec
- - Philosophy
- - - Jewish Kabbalah
- - - Sartre
- - - Popular wisdom
Funerals
- The funeral ritual: a rite of passage
- Prehistory
- Ancient death customs
- - The family bereavement
- - Mummification
- - Sarcophagi
- - Funerals
- - Ancient Greece
- - Ancient Rome
- - Celts, Germans and Scandinavians
- Religious funeral rites
- - Buddhism
- - Judaism
- Christianity
- - Protestantism
- - Islam
- Funeral rites by continent
- - In Africa
- - In Europe
- The contemporary era
- Mourning (Grief)
- - Steps
- - - Death of a close
- - Loss events without mourning value (white factors)
- - Duration and manifestations
- - Risks
- - Colors
- Graveyards (Cemeteries)
- - First cemeteries
- - Cemeteries today
- Funerary art
- Dolmens
- - Types of dolmens
- - Function
- - Location
- Passage graves
- Cenotaphs
- - Famous cenotaphs
- Lanterns of the Dead
Afterlife
- History
- Questions about death and immortality
- Testimonials
- - Spiritualistic experiences
- - Popular literature on the afterlife
- - "Memories" and reminiscences
- - Early studies of the science of the 19th century and early 20th century
- Types of scenarios
- Some religious and philosophical concepts
- - Afterlife in Buddhism
- - Afterlife in Christianity
- - According to Hinduism
- - According to Islam
- - According to Judaism
- - According to Mormonism
- - According to the ancient philosophies
- - According to Spiritism
- - According to Native American traditions
- - According to Vedism
- - According to Esotericism
- In science
- Near-death experiences
- - Clinical death
- - NDE frequency
- - Effects of depth of NDE on survival
- - Near-death experiences and shared-death experience
- - - The first contemporary testimonials
- - - Experience according to Moody
- - - The concept of "shared death"
- - - The NDE scales
- - The study of Pim van Lommel
- - Spiritual and patient point of view
- - - Survivalists studies
- - - The religious understanding of the phenomenon
- - Scientific views
- - - Physiological explanation
- - - Psychological explanation
- Reincarnation
- - Religions
- - - In Hinduism
- - - In Jainism
- - - In Buddhism
- - - In Judaism
- - - In Christianity
- - - In Islam
- - In contemporary times
- - - Esotericism
- - - Works of the psychiatrist Ian Stevenson
- - - Radical increase in life expectancy and artificial reincarnation
- - Criticism
- - - Arthur Schopenhauer
- - - Ramana Maharshi
- - - Rene Guenon
- - - Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy
- Metempsychosis
- - Theories
- - Ideas
- Maschalismos
Immortality
- Immortality of the soul and religious traditions
- - Buddhism
- - Christianity
- - Islam
- - Mormonism
- Contemporary perception of the immortality of the body
- - Observation in the animal kingdom
- - Perspectives for mankind
- Immortality in science
- - Alexis Carrel
- - Jean Rostand
- - Hayflick limit
- - Ătienne-Ămile Baulieu and DHEA
- - Aubrey de Grey
- - Professor Skulachev
- - Regenerative medicine
- - Professor Christopher Jaeger
- Eternal Return
- - According to the Mesopotamians
- - According to Heraclitus and the Stoics
- Fountain of Youth
- - History of myth and relatives myths
- - - In Roman mythology, Germanic, Celtic and Irish
- - - In the Middle-East
- - - In Spain
- - - In the Bible
- - The fountain in art and literature
- - Painting
- - - Literature and cinema
- - Persistent of the myth until today
- Senescence
- - Why do we age?
- - Gene regulation
- - Cellular senescence
Undead
- Ghoul
- Lich
- Mummy
- Skeleton
- Vampire
- Zombie
- Other legendary creatures
- Creatures specific to a particular universe
- Spiritism
- - Point out
- - Origins of spiritism
- - - The traditions through the ages
- - - Advent of Christianity in Europe
- - - The survival of necromancy
- - - The precursors
- - - Relations of spiritualism to science
- Mediumship
- - History
- - Skeptical point of view
- - Favorable doctor's viewpoint
- Ghosts
- - Appearance
- - Belief in ghosts
- - Origin
- - - Duality and return dead
- - - Ancient roots
- - Typology
- - - Poltergeists
- - - Revenants
- - - Ghosts
- - - Banshees
- - - Apparitions of crisis
- - - Phantasms of the living
- - - Vision of his own double
- - - Ghost armies
- - - Ghosts of animals
- - - Means of transport
- - Science perspective
- - - Hallucinations
- - - Sleep paralysis
- - - Induced ghosts
- - - Aches and infrasounds
- - - Magnetic fields
- Vampires
- - Characteristics
- - - Vampire transformation
- - - Identification
- - - Faculties
- - Protection against the vampires
- - - Precautions at death and burial
- - - Apotropaic objects and places
- - Destruction of vampires
- Zombie
- - The concept
- - Africa and voodoo
- - - West Africa
- - - South Africa
- - - In Haiti (and the Caribbean)
- - - Scientific research
- - The "revenants" in the Western imaginary
Death in art
- Memento mori
- - History
- - - Antiquity
- - - Christianity
- - - Mexican syncretism
- - Performing arts
- - - In painting
- - - In literature
- - - In movies
- - - In video games
- - - In Japanese animation
- - - In music
- The iconography of Weighing of souls (Particular judgment)
- - Origin
- - Written sources
- - Weighing in Romanesque art
- - Weighing in Gothic art
- - Weighing in the late Middle Ages: to a new iconography
- - Weighing of souls or actions?
- Poems
- - Charlotte BrontĂ«, âOn the Death of Anne BrontĂ«â
- - Edgar Allan Poe, âAnnabel Leeâ
- - Edna St. Vincent Millay, âAnd you as well must dieâ
- - Emily Dickinson, âBecause I could not stop for Deathâ
- - Emily Dickinson, âIf I Should Dieâ
- - Lord Byron, âEpitaph to a Dogâ
- - Pablo Neruda, âOnly Deathâ
- - Stephen Crane, âGod Lay Dead in Heavenâ
- - W. B. Yeats, âHe Wishes His Beloved Were Deadâ
- - Rainer Maria Rilke, âDeathâ
- Paintings
- - The Three Dead Kings
- - The Death of Nelson
- - Beata Beatrix
- Sculptures
- - The Kiss of Death
- - Background
- - Imagery
- - Angel of Grief
- - Fallen Astronaut
- Quotes
References
About the author
- Nicolae Sfetcu
- - By the same author
- - Contact
Publishing House
- MultiMedia Publishin
Effect of dead space on avalanche speed
The effects of dead space (the minimum distance travelled by a carrier before acquiring enough energy to impact ionize) on the current impulse response and bandwidth of an avalanche multiplication process are obtained from a numerical model that maintains a constant carrier velocity but allows for a random distribution of impact ionization path lengths. The results show that the main mechanism responsible for the increase in response time with dead space is the increase in the number of carrier groups, which qualitatively describes the length of multiplication chains. When the dead space is negligible, the bandwidth follows the behavior predicted by Emmons but decreases as dead space increase
SDL based validation of a node monitoring protocol
Mobile ad hoc network is a wireless, self-configured, infrastructureless
network of mobile nodes. The nodes are highly mobile, which makes the
application running on them face network related problems like node failure,
link failure, network level disconnection, scarcity of resources, buffer
degradation, and intermittent disconnection etc. Node failure and Network fault
are need to be monitored continuously by supervising the network status. Node
monitoring protocol is crucial, so it is required to test the protocol
exhaustively to verify and validate the functionality and accuracy of the
designed protocol. This paper presents a validation model for Node Monitoring
Protocol using Specification and Description Llanguage (SDL) using both Static
Agent (SA) and Mobile Agent (MA). We have verified properties of the Node
Monitoring Protocol (NMP) based on the global states with no exits, deadlock
states or proper termination states using reachability graph. Message Sequence
Chart (MSC) gives an intuitive understanding of the described system behavior
with varying node density and complex behavior etc.Comment: 16 pages, 24 figures, International Conference of Networks,
Communications, Wireless and Mobile 201
Push recovery with stepping strategy based on time-projection control
In this paper, we present a simple control framework for on-line push
recovery with dynamic stepping properties. Due to relatively heavy legs in our
robot, we need to take swing dynamics into account and thus use a linear model
called 3LP which is composed of three pendulums to simulate swing and torso
dynamics. Based on 3LP equations, we formulate discrete LQR controllers and use
a particular time-projection method to adjust the next footstep location
on-line during the motion continuously. This adjustment, which is found based
on both pelvis and swing foot tracking errors, naturally takes the swing
dynamics into account. Suggested adjustments are added to the Cartesian 3LP
gaits and converted to joint-space trajectories through inverse kinematics.
Fixed and adaptive foot lift strategies also ensure enough ground clearance in
perturbed walking conditions. The proposed structure is robust, yet uses very
simple state estimation and basic position tracking. We rely on the physical
series elastic actuators to absorb impacts while introducing simple laws to
compensate their tracking bias. Extensive experiments demonstrate the
functionality of different control blocks and prove the effectiveness of
time-projection in extreme push recovery scenarios. We also show self-produced
and emergent walking gaits when the robot is subject to continuous dragging
forces. These gaits feature dynamic walking robustness due to relatively soft
springs in the ankles and avoiding any Zero Moment Point (ZMP) control in our
proposed architecture.Comment: 20 pages journal pape
Modelling human factors in perceptual multimedia quality: On the role of personality and culture
Perception of multimedia quality is shaped by a rich interplay between system, context, and human factors. While system and context factors are widely researched, few studies in this area consider human factors as sources of systematic variance. This paper presents an analysis on the influence of personality (Five-Factor Model) and cultural traits (Hofstede Model) on the perception of multimedia quality. A set of 144 video sequences (from 12 short movie excerpts) were rated by 114 participants from a cross-cultural population, producing 1232 ratings. On this data, three models are compared: a baseline model that only considers system factors; an extended model that includes personality and culture as human factors; and an optimistic model in which each participant is modeled as a random effect. An analysis shows that personality and cultural traits represent 9.3% of the variance attributable to human factors while human factors overall predict an equal or higher proportion of variance compared to system factors. In addition, the quality-enjoyment correlation varied across the movie excerpts. This suggests that human factors play an important role in perceptual multimedia quality, but further research to explore moderation effects and a broader range of human factors is warranted
Fuzzy Logic Control of Adaptive ARQ for Video Distribution over a Bluetooth Wireless Link
Bluetooth's default automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme is not suited to video distribution resulting in missed display and decoded deadlines. Adaptive ARQ with active discard of expired packets from the send buffer is an alternative approach. However, even with the addition of cross-layer adaptation to picture-type packet importance, ARQ is not ideal in conditions of a deteriorating RF channel. The paper presents fuzzy logic control of ARQ, based on send buffer fullness and the head-of-line packet's deadline. The advantage of the fuzzy logic approach, which also scales its output according to picture type importance, is that the impact of delay can be directly introduced to the model, causing retransmissions to be reduced compared to all other schemes. The scheme considers both the delay constraints of the video stream and at the same time avoids send buffer overflow. Tests explore a variety of Bluetooth send buffer sizes and channel conditions. For adverse channel conditions and buffer size, the tests show an improvement of at least 4 dB in video quality compared to nonfuzzy schemes. The scheme can be applied to any codec with I-, P-, and (possibly) B-slices by inspection of packet headers without the need for encoder intervention.</jats:p
Modelling the influence of personality and culture on affect and enjoyment in multimedia
Affect is evoked through an intricate relationship between the characteristics of stimuli, individuals, and systems of perception. While affect is widely researched, few studies consider the combination of multimedia system characteristics and human factors together. As such, this paper explores the inïŹuence of personality (Five-Factor Model) and cultural traits (Hofstede Model) on the intensity of multimedia-evoked positive and negative affects (emotions). A set of 144 video sequences (from 12 short movie clips) were evaluated by 114 participants from a cross-cultural population, producing 1232 ratings. On this data, three multilevel regression models are compared: a baseline model that only considers system factors; an extended model that includes personality and culture; and an optimistic model in which each participant is modelled. An analysis shows that personal and cultural traits represent 5.6% of the variance in positive affect and 13.6% of the variance in negative affect. In addition, the affect-enjoyment correlation varied across the clips. This suggests that personality and culture play a key role in predicting the intensity of negative affect and whether or not it is enjoyed, but a more sophisticated set of predictors is needed to model positive affect with the same efïŹcacy
Mobile Online Gaming via Resource Sharing
Mobile gaming presents a number of main issues which remain open. These are
concerned mainly with connectivity, computational capacities, memory and
battery constraints. In this paper, we discuss the design of a fully
distributed approach for the support of mobile Multiplayer Online Games (MOGs).
In mobile environments, several features might be exploited to enable resource
sharing among multiple devices / game consoles owned by different mobile users.
We show the advantages of trading computing / networking facilities among
mobile players. This operation mode opens a wide number of interesting sharing
scenarios, thus promoting the deployment of novel mobile online games. In
particular, once mobile nodes make their resource available for the community,
it becomes possible to distribute the software modules that compose the game
engine. This allows to distribute the workload for the game advancement
management. We claim that resource sharing is in unison with the idea of ludic
activity that is behind MOGs. Hence, such schemes can be profitably employed in
these contexts.Comment: Proceedings of 3nd ICST/CREATE-NET Workshop on DIstributed SImulation
and Online gaming (DISIO 2012). In conjunction with SIMUTools 2012.
Desenzano, Italy, March 2012. ISBN: 978-1-936968-47-
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