Multi-Criterion Mammographic Risk Analysis Supported with Multi-Label Fuzzy-Rough Feature Selection

Context and background Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases threatening the human lives globally, requiring effective and early risk analysis for which learning classifiers supported with automated feature selection offer a potential robust solution. Motivation Computer aided risk analysis of breast cancer typically works with a set of extracted mammographic features which may contain significant redundancy and noise, thereby requiring technical developments to improve runtime performance in both computational efficiency and classification accuracy. Hypothesis Use of advanced feature selection methods based on multiple diagnosis criteria may lead to improved results for mammographic risk analysis. Methods An approach for multi-criterion based mammographic risk analysis is proposed, by adapting the recently developed multi-label fuzzy-rough feature selection mechanism. Results A system for multi-criterion mammographic risk analysis is implemented with the aid of multi-label fuzzy-rough feature selection and its performance is positively verified experimentally, in comparison with representative popular mechanisms. Conclusions The novel approach for mammographic risk analysis based on multiple criteria helps improve classification accuracy using selected informative features, without suffering from the redundancy caused by such complex criteria, with the implemented system demonstrating practical efficacy

A Comparative Study of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm optimisation for Dendritic Cell Algorithm

Dendritic cell algorithm (DCA) is a class of artificial immune systems that was originally developed for anomaly detection in networked systems and later as a general binary classifier. Conventionally, in its life cycle, the DCA goes through four phases including feature categorisation into artificial signals, context detection of data items, context assignment, and finally labeling of data items as either abnormal or normal class. During the context detection phase, the DCA requires users to manually pre-define the parameters used by its weighted function to process the signals and data items. Notice that the manual derivation of the parameters of the DCA cannot guarantee the optimal set of weights being used, research attention has thus been attracted to the optimisation of the parameters. This paper reports a systematic comparative study between Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm optimisation (PSO) on parameter optimisation for DCA. In order to evaluate the performance of GADCA and PSO-DCA, twelve publicly available datasets from UCI machine learning repository were employed. The performance results based on the computational time, classification accuracy, sensitivity, F-measure, and precision show that, the GA-DCA overall outperforms PSO-DCA for most of the datasets

COMPUTER AIDED SYSTEM FOR BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS USING CURVELET TRANSFORM

Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Early detection is the key for improving breast cancer prognosis. Digital mammography remains one of the most suitable tools for early detection of breast cancer. Hence, there are strong needs for the development of computer aided diagnosis (CAD) systems which have the capability to help radiologists in decision making. The main goal is to increase the diagnostic accuracy rate. In this thesis we developed a computer aided system for the diagnosis and detection of breast cancer using curvelet transform. Curvelet is a multiscale transform which possess directionality and anisotropy, and it breaks some inherent limitations of wavelet in representing edges in images. We started this study by developing a diagnosis system. Five feature extraction methods were developed with curvelet and wavelet coefficients to differentiate between different breast cancer classes. The results with curvelet and wavelet were compared. The experimental results show a high performance of the proposed methods and classification accuracy rate achieved 97.30%. The thesis then provides an automatic system for breast cancer detection. An automatic thresholding algorithm was used to separate the area composed of the breast and the pectoral muscle from the background of the image. Subsequently, a region growing algorithm was used to locate the pectoral muscle and suppress it from the breast. Then, the work concentrates on the segmentation of region of interest (ROI). Two methods are suggested to accomplish the segmentation stage: an adaptive thresholding method and a pattern matching method. Once the ROI has been identified, an automatic cropping is performed to extract it from the original mammogram. Subsequently, the suggested feature extraction methods were applied to the segmented ROIs. Finally, the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers were used to determine whether the region is abnormal or normal. At this level, the study focuses on two abnormality types (mammographic masses and architectural distortion). Experimental results show that the introduced methods have very high detection accuracies. The effectiveness of the proposed methods has been tested with Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) dataset. Throughout the thesis all proposed methods and algorithms have been applied with both curvelet and wavelet for comparison and statistical tests were also performed. The overall results show that curvelet transform performs better than wavelet and the difference is statistically significant