Una máscara teatral de doble cara preservada en el museo de Lipari (Mesina): estudio y reconstrucción 3d mediante equipo portátil

[EN] The new tools for 3D survey and modelling (as portable scanners and software packages), often in combination with diagnostics, are nowadays able to provide indispensable elements for the study of archaeological artefacts; their applications to museum’s heritage can be also useful to integrate the traditional graphic documentation and contribute to enhancement and dissemination. This paper shows the benefit of using the aforementioned tools to study the peculiar clay mask No. 11114-E, discovered in 1973 in the Greek necropolis of Lipára, inside tomb No. 1558. The specimen, now exhibited in the Classical Section of the Aeolian Museum, is considered unique both in the Aeolian Islands and in the ancient Greek world, as it is the only one merging two half faces attributable to different characters. This feature, unknown at the time of discovery, has been highlighted in 2018, thanks to a restoration intervention by which a hard concretion layer covering a large portion of the mask surface was removed, bringing to light a smiling young half-face next to an old one with Silenic features. In 2019, the mask was surveyed in situ through a portable and performing laser-scanner arm (the QuantumTM FaroArm by FARO) to produce a high-resolution 3D model useful to enhance the reading of the two halves (not evident enough, due to its state of preservation). The data processing was performed using the Geomagic Wrap software, able to align and merge multiple scans into a single model and to export results in multiple formats, easily shareable and viewable in free software or via the web. Finally, thanks to this method, the successful generation of a digital replica was performed; the resulting replica is useful for dissemination and as a support for the hypothetical reconstruction of the two prototypes taken as models by the craftsman who created the mask.Highlights:A 'mobile laboratory’ consisting of portable equipment has been set up to perform 3D metric surveys on a selection of artefacts preserved at the Museum of Lipari.By means of an ultra-precision laser-scanner arm, a 3D survey on a miniaturistic double-faced mask, belonging to the classical theatrical terracotta, has been performed.A geometrically accurate and realistic 3D final model has been created. This helped the study and reconstruction of the two characters composing the mask.[ES] Las nuevas herramientas para el levantamiento y el modelado en 3D (como son los escáneres portátiles y los paquetes de software), a menudo en combinación con equipos diagnósticos, pueden hoy en día proporcionar elementos indispensables para el estudio de objetos arqueológicos; sus aplicaciones al patrimonio del museo también pueden ser útiles para integrar la documentación gráfica tradicional y contribuir a su mejora y divulgación. Este artículo se refiere al estudio de un hallazgo peculiar procedente de la necrópolis griega de Lipára: la máscara de arcilla nº. 11114-E, descubierta en 1973 en el interior de la tumba nº. 1558 y ahora exhibida en la Sección Clásica del Museo Eólica. El espécimen se considera único, tanto en las Islas Eolias como en el mundo griego antiguo, ya que es la única que fusiona dos mitades atribuibles a diferentes personajes. Esta característica, desconocida en el momento del descubrimiento, se ha destacado en 2018, gracias a la intervención de restauración mediante la cual se ha eliminado una capa dura que cubre gran parte de la superficie de la máscara, sacando a la luz una media cara sonriente y joven, junto a una cara que muestra indicadores de vejez con rasgos selénicos. En 2019, la máscara se levantó in situ con un brazo de escáner láser portátil y funcional (FaroArm QuantumTM de FARO), con el objetivo de generar un modelo 3D de alta resolución útil que mejorara la lectura de las dos mitades (no visible debido a su estado de conservación). El procesamiento de datos se ha llevado a cabo empleando el software Geomagic Wrap capaz de alinear y fusionar múltiples escaneados en un solo modelo y exportarlo en múltiples formatos, fácilmente compartibles y visibles en software libre o vía web. Este método permitió, finalmente, la generación de una réplica digital que podría servir tanto para su divulgación, como de soporte que permita la reconstrucción hipotética de los dos prototipos que presumiblemente fueron de modelo para el artesano al crear la máscara.The writing of this paper was supported by the project “IDEHA-Innovation for Data Elaboration in Heritage Areas” (DUS.AD017.087).Giuffrida, D.; Mollica Nardo, V.; Adinolfi, O.; Mastelloni, MA.; Ponterio, RC. (2021). A theatrical double-faced mask preserved at the Museum of Lipari (Messina): study and 3D reconstruction through portable equipment. Virtual Archaeology Review. 12(24):39-48. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.13916OJS39481224Alby, E., Vigouroux, E., & Elter, R. (2019). Implementation of survey and three-dimensional monitoring of archaeological excavations of the Khirbat al-Dusaq site, Jordan. 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Digital manipulation versus real one: learning and motivation in a case study on Storytelling

Abstract In this work, a Storytelling FabLab has been designed for the realization of virtual performances on a Shakesperian play in an elementary school. In this FabLab, many elements have been digitally manipulated: text, audio files, virtual actors on a 3D stage, and 3D Greek masks. Learning of contents and motivation have been assessed and compared to those of a traditional class working on the construction of real masks as artefacts. Regarding learning effectiveness, data show that there is no great difference between the score gained by the experimental group and the control one; however, results emphasize a high intrinsic motivation for both experimental and control groups. Moreover, qualitative results of both groups highlight the positive feeling of doing things reflecting user's own interest: pupils want to invent their own stories and realize them (physically or digitally)

Modelling and Animation of Theatrical Greek Masks in an Authoring System

This paper describes an authoring system for modelling Greek virtual masks that express emotions for synchronising their facial movements with pre-recorded speech files, and for creating theatrical performances. The system is related to parametric modelling and includes three interfaces: Editor, Recorder and Virtual Theatre. In the Editor interface it is possible to create several different 3D masks from a unique mask basic model. In the Recorder it is possible to import the models created in the Editor and select eight expressions (neutral, anger, surprise, sadness, fear, joy, disgust, attention), as well as to create and save little alterations in these expressions, and to synchronise the facial movements with speech on the time-line of the system. In the Virtual Theatre the animated Greek masks can be imported and can perform