Arquitectura para la implementación de un localizador inverso en aplicaciones móviles de cálculo de rutas

Context: In general, applications that interact with geographic information systems work correctly when users use previously geo-coded points. However, problems occur if any of the selected points are not geo-coded. In the particular case of the calculation of routes in which one of the points is not geo-co­dified, it is not possible to calculate the route since one or both points are not identifiable; Therefore, it is necessary to approximate the points that the user has selected to the nearest geo-located point. On the other hand, the case is often presented in which users wish to interact with addresses in common language, regardless of whether the application internally does so based on geographical coordinate points.Method: One of the possible solutions to the pre­vious problem is to propose the construction of an inverse locator that would be responsible for making the translations of geographical coordinates to natu­ral directions. For the construction of said locator the following steps are proposed: Firstly, the specification of the type of application in which the inverse locator will be implemented; second, the analysis of the ele­ments that must be taken into account for the refine­ment of the architecture; third, the creation of a first version of the architecture; and finally the creation of a second version of the architecture that would co­rrespond to the final version of the architecture.Results: The end result is the creation of an archi­tecture that implements a reverse locator that allows this type of geographic applications to solve the pro­blems raised in the context part of the abstract.Conclusions: As a result of the research, we present the conditions under which the inverse locator cons­truction is valid, and the possible problems that will arise if the architecture is not correctly applied. The paper also presents conclusions related to potential improvements that allow to solve the problem inclu­ding adaptive and intelligent locations.Contexto: En general, las aplicaciones que interac­túan con sistemas de información geográficos fun­cionan correctamente cuando los usuarios utilizan puntos geográficos previamente geo-codificados. Sin embargo, cuando se requieren otras funcionali­dades como el cálculo de rutas de un punto a otro, se presentan problemas en caso que alguno de los puntos seleccionados no esté geo-codificado. En este caso particular del cálculo de rutas en que uno de los puntos no está geo-codificado, no es posible calcularlas puesto que uno o ambos puntos no son identificables, y esto constituye un problema. Por lo tanto, es necesario aproximar al punto geo-locali­zado más cercano los puntos que el usuario ha se­leccionado. Por otro lado, se presenta a menudo el caso en que los usuarios desean interactuar con di­recciones basadas en calles y carreras, independien­te de si la aplicación internamente lo hace basada en puntos de coordenadas geográficas.Método: Una de las posibles soluciones al pro­blema anterior es plantear la construcción de un localizador inverso que se encargaría de hacer las traducciones de coordenadas geográficas a direccio­nes naturales. Para la construcción de dicho localiza­dor se plantean los siguientes pasos: en primer lugar, la especificación del tipo de aplicación en el que se implementará el localizador inverso; en segundo lu­gar, el análisis de los elementos que se deben tener en cuenta para el refinamiento de la arquitectura; en tercer lugar, la creación de una primera versión de la arquitectura y, finalmente, la creación de una se­gunda versión de la arquitectura que correspondería a la versión final de la arquitectura.Resultados: El resultado final es creación de una ar­quitectura que implemente un localizador inverso que permita a este tipo de aplicaciones geográficas solucionar los problemas planteados en la parte de contexto del resumen.Conclusiones: Como resultado de la investigación se muestran las condiciones bajo las cuales la cons­trucción del localizador inverso tiene validez, y los posibles problemas que se derivarán si no se aplica correctamente la arquitectura. También se muestran conclusiones relacionadas con potenciales mejoras que permitan solucionar el problema incluyendo lo­calizaciones adaptativas e inteligentes

Modeling the economic value of the location data of mobile users

International audienceThe defining characteristic of wireless and mobile networking is user mobility, and related to it is the ability for the network to capture information on where users are located and how users change location over time. Information about location is becoming critical, and therefore valuable, for an increasingly larger number of location-based or location-aware services. One key open question, however, is how valuable exactly this information is. Our goal in this paper is to develop an analytic framework, namely models and the techniques to solve them, to help quantify the economics of location information. Our aim is to derive models which can be used as decision making tools for entities interested in or involved in the location data economics chain, such as mobile operators or providers of location aware services (mobile advertising, etc). We consider in particular the fundamental problem of quantifying the value of different granularities of location information, for example how much more valuable is it to know the GPS location of a mobile user compared to only knowing the access point, or the cell tower, that the user is associated with. We illustrate our approach by considering what is arguably the quintessential location-based service, namely proximity-based advertising. We make three main contributions. First, we develop several novel models, based on stochastic geometry, which capture the location-based economic activity of mobile users with diverse sets of preferences or interests. Second, we derive closed-form analytic solutions for the economic value generated by those users. Third, we augment the models to consider uncertainty about the users' location, and derive expressions for the economic value generated with different granularities of location information. To our knowledge, this paper is the first one to present and analyze this class of economic model