On the constrained mock-Chebyshev least-squares

The algebraic polynomial interpolation on uniformly distributed nodes is affected by the Runge phenomenon, also when the function to be interpolated is analytic. Among all techniques that have been proposed to defeat this phenomenon, there is the mock-Chebyshev interpolation which is an interpolation made on a subset of the given nodes whose elements mimic as well as possible the Chebyshev-Lobatto points. In this work we use the simultaneous approximation theory to combine the previous technique with a polynomial regression in order to increase the accuracy of the approximation of a given analytic function. We give indications on how to select the degree of the simultaneous regression in order to obtain polynomial approximant good in the uniform norm and provide a sufficient condition to improve, in that norm, the accuracy of the mock-Chebyshev interpolation with a simultaneous regression. Numerical results are provided.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure

A case study of the Lunger phenomenon based on multiple algorithms

In this study, we conduct a thorough and meticulous examination of the Runge phenomenon. Initially, we engage in an extensive review of relevant literature, which aids in delineating the genesis and essence of the Runge phenomenon, along with an exploration of both conventional and contemporary algorithmic solutions. Subsequently, the paper delves into a diverse array of resolution methodologies, encompassing classical numerical approaches, regularization techniques, mock-Chebyshev interpolation, the TISI (Three-Interval Interpolation Strategy), external pseudo-constraint interpolation, and interpolation strategies predicated upon Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). For each method, we not only introduce but also innovate a novel algorithm to effectively address the phenomenon. This paper executes detailed numerical computations for each method, employing visualization techniques to vividly illustrate the efficacy of various strategies in mitigating the Runge phenomenon. Our findings reveal that although traditional methods exhibit commendable performance in certain instances, novel approaches such as mock-Chebyshev interpolation and regularization-centric methods demonstrate marked superiority in specific contexts. Moreover, the paper provides a critical analysis of these methodologies, specifically highlighting the constraints and potential avenues for enhancement in SVD decomposition-based interpolation strategies. In conclusion, we propose future research trajectories and underscore the imperative of further exploration into interpolation strategies, with an emphasis on their practical application validation. This article serves not only as a comprehensive resource on the Runge phenomenon for researchers but also offers pragmatic guidance for resolving real-world interpolation challenges.Comment: 13 Figures 9 Pages. After first submission, there was a revision of the authorship order, which was the result of joint discussion

Product integration rules by the constrained mock-Chebyshev least squares operator

In this paper we consider the problem of the approximation of definite integrals on finite intervals for integrand functions showing some kind of "pathological" behavior, e.g. "nearly" singular functions, highly oscillating functions, weakly singular functions, etc. In particular, we introduce and study a product rule based on equally spaced nodes and on the constrained mock-Chebyshev least squares operator. Like other polynomial or rational approximation methods, this operator was recently introduced in order to defeat the Runge phenomenon that occurs when using polynomial interpolation on large sets of equally spaced points. Unlike methods based on piecewise approximation functions, mainly used in the case of equally spaced nodes, our product rule offers a high efficiency, with performances slightly lower than those of global methods based on orthogonal polynomials in the same spaces of functions. We study the convergence of the product rule and provide error estimates in subspaces of continuous functions. We test the effectiveness of the formula by means of several examples, which confirm the theoretical estimates

Algorithmes hiérarchiques rapides pour la génération de champs aléatoires Gaussiens.

Low-rank approximation (LRA) techniques have become crucial tools in scientific computing in order to reduce the cost of storing matrices and compute usual matrix operations. Since standard techniques like the SVD do not scale well with the problem size N, there has been recently a growing interest for alternative methods like randomized LRAs. These methods are usually cheap, easy to implement and optimize, since they involve only very basic operations like Matrix Vector Products (MVPs) or orthogonalizations. More precisely, randomization allows for reducing the cubic cost required to perform a standard matrix factorization to the quadratic cost required to apply a few MVPs, namely O(r × N^2) operations where r is the numerical rank of the matrix. First of all, we present a new efficient algorithm for performing MVPs in O(N) operations called the Uniform FMM (ufmm). It is based on a hierarchical (data sparse) representation of a kernel matrix combined with polynomial interpolation of the kernel on equispaced grids. The latter feature allows for FFT-acceleration and consequently reduce both running time and memory footprint but has implications on accuracy and stability. Then, the ufmm is used to speed-up the MVPs involved in the randomized SVD, thus reducing its cost to O(r^2 × N) and exhibiting very competitive performance when the distribution of points is large and highly heterogeneous. Finally, we make use of this algorithm to efficiently generate spatially correlated multivariate Gaussian random variables.Les approximations de rang faible (LRA) sont devenus des outils fondamentaux en calcul scientifique en vue de réduire les coûts liés au stockage et aux opérations matricielles. Le coût des méthodes standards comme la SVD croît très rapidement avec la taille du problème N, c'est pourquoi des méthodes alternatives comme les approches aléatoires (i.e. basées sur la projection ou la sélection de colonnes/l'échantillonnage aléatoire) se popularisent. Ces méthodes sont en général peu coûteuses et facile à implémenter et optimiser, car elles ne mettent en oeuvre que des opérations matricielles simples comme des produits ou des orthogonalisations. Plus précisemment, les LRA aléatoires permettent de réduire le coût cubique en N des méthodes standards de factorisation au coût quadratique nécessaire à la réalisation de quelques produits matrices vecteurs, i.e., O(r × N^2) opérations où r est le rang numérique de la matrice. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons un algorithme efficace pour réaliser des MVPs en O(N) opérations, que nous appelons Uniform FMM (ufmm). Il est basé sur la combinaison d'une représentation hiérachique d'une matrice noyau et l'interpolation polynomiale du noyau associé sur une grille régulière (uniforme). Cette dernière propriété permet une accélération par FFT réduisant ainsi le temps de calcul et la consommation mémoire mais a des répercussions sur la précision et la stabilité de l'algorithme. Ensuite, la ufmm est utilisée pour accélerer les MVPs intervenants dans la SVD aléatoire (i.e., SVD par projection aléatoire) diminuant son coût asymptotique à O(r^2 × N). La méthode est particulièrement compétitive pour des distributions de points hétérogènes. Enfin, nous utilisons cet algorithme pour générer des champs de variables Gaussiens de manière efficace