Microwave scattering properties of snow fields

Experimental results were presented showing backscatter dependence on frequency, angle of incidence, snow wetness, and frequency modulation. Theoretical studies were made of the inverse scattering problem yielding some preliminary results concerning the determination of the dielectric constant of the snow layer. The experimental results lead to the following conclusions: (1) snow layering affects backscatter; (2) layer response was significant up to 45 degrees of incidence; (3) wetness modifies snow layer effects; and (4) frequency modulation masks the layer response

Tunable Fano Resonances in Transport through Microwave Billiards

We present a tunable microwave scattering device that allows the controlled variation of Fano line shape parameters in transmission through quantum billiards. Transport in this device is nearly fully coherent. By comparison with quantum calculations, employing the modular recursive Green's-function method, the scattering wave function and the degree of residual decoherence can be determined. The parametric variation of Fano line shapes in terms of interacting resonances is analyzed.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Research of microwave scattering properties of snow fields

The results obtained in the research program of microwave scattering properties of snow fields are presented. Experimental results are presented showing backscatter dependence on frequency (5.8-8.0 GHz), angle of incidence (0-60 degrees), snow wetness (time of day), and frequency modulation (0-500 MHz). Theoretical studies are being made of the inverse scattering problem yielding some preliminary results concerning the determination of the dielectric constant of the snow layer. The experimental results lead to the following conclusions: snow layering affects backscatter, layer response is significant up to 45 degrees of incidence, wetness modifies snow layer effects, frequency modulation masks the layer response, and for the proper choice of probing frequency and for nominal snow depths, it appears to be possible to measure the effective dielectric constant and the corresponding water content of a snow pack

Microwave Diagnostics of Ultracold Neutral Plasma

We suggest an approach for using microwave radiation in diagnostics of ultracold neutral plasma. Microwave scattering from ultracold neutral plasma is calculated . Simple formulations are get and indicate that the dipole radiation power of ultracold neutral plasma does not depend on density profile $n_e(r)$ and $\omega$ when $\omega\gg\omega_{pe0}$, but on the total electron number $N_e$. This method provides the information of $N_e$ and from which we can get the three body recombination rate of the plasma, which is extremely important in the researches of ultracold neutral plasma

Quantitative Measurement of Crack Parameters Using Microwave Eddy-Current Techniques

The objectives of this work were to develop an electromagnetic scattering model that can be used to predict the microwave scattering from a crack in a metallic surface, and to evaluate the potential of using microwave scattering measurements to determine the dimensions of the crack. The initial approach to this problem has been to model the surface crack as a section of rectangular waveguide shorted at one end. Theoretical and experimental results are presented for this case, and the potential for obtaining a quantitative evaluation of the crack dimensions is discussed

Understanding Snow Microstructure for Microwave Remote Sensing

Scientists from the snow and soil remote sensing communities met to build on recent developments in objective snow microstructure measurement techniques by improving the understanding of their application in remote sensing at microwave frequencies