33 research outputs found
Memristors
This Edited Volume Memristors - Circuits and Applications of Memristor Devices is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of Engineering. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the physical sciences, engineering, and technology research areas. All chapters are complete in itself but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on physical sciences, engineering, and technology,and open new possible research paths for further novel developments
Multi-level anomalous Hall resistance in a single Hall cross for the applications of neuromorphic device
We demonstrate the process of obtaining memristive multi-states Hall resistance (RH) change in a single Hall cross (SHC) structure. Otherwise, the working mechanism successfully mimics the behavior of biological neural systems. The motion of domain wall (DW) in the SHC was used to control the ascend (or descend) of the RH amplitude. The primary synaptic functions such as long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), and spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP) could then be emulated by regulating RH. Applied programmable magnetic field pulses are in varying conditions such as intensity and duration to adjust RH. These results show that analog readings of DW movement can be closely resembled with the change of synaptic weight and have great potentials for bioinspired neuromorphic computing. © 2020, The Author(s).1
Cryogenic Neuromorphic Hardware
The revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) brings up an enormous storage
and data processing requirement. Large power consumption and hardware overhead
have become the main challenges for building next-generation AI hardware. To
mitigate this, Neuromorphic computing has drawn immense attention due to its
excellent capability for data processing with very low power consumption. While
relentless research has been underway for years to minimize the power
consumption in neuromorphic hardware, we are still a long way off from reaching
the energy efficiency of the human brain. Furthermore, design complexity and
process variation hinder the large-scale implementation of current neuromorphic
platforms. Recently, the concept of implementing neuromorphic computing systems
in cryogenic temperature has garnered intense interest thanks to their
excellent speed and power metric. Several cryogenic devices can be engineered
to work as neuromorphic primitives with ultra-low demand for power. Here we
comprehensively review the cryogenic neuromorphic hardware. We classify the
existing cryogenic neuromorphic hardware into several hierarchical categories
and sketch a comparative analysis based on key performance metrics. Our
analysis concisely describes the operation of the associated circuit topology
and outlines the advantages and challenges encountered by the state-of-the-art
technology platforms. Finally, we provide insights to circumvent these
challenges for the future progression of research
Brain-inspired computing with fluidic iontronic nanochannels
The unparalleled energy efficiency of the brain is driving researchers to
seek out new brain-inspired (neuromorphic) computing paradigms. Artificial
aqueous ion channels are emerging as an exciting new platform for neuromorphic
computing, representing a departure from conventional solid-state devices by
directly mimicking the fluidic ion transport found in the brain. However,
despite recent interest, a tangible demonstration of neuromorphic computing
remains a challenge. Here we successfully perform neuromorphic reservoir
computing using easy to fabricate tapered microchannels that embed a conducting
network of fluidic nanochannels between colloids, which we show to be a novel
memristor (memory resistor). Remarkably, a wide range of typical conductance
memory timescales can easily be achieved by constructing channels of different
length, a unique and highly desirable feature. This work is inspired and
supported by a new theoretical model, which stems directly from traditional
diffusion-conduction equations and shows excellent agreement with the
experiments, predicting the features and relevant parameters presented here.
Our results represent a fundamental step in realising the promise of ion
channels as a new platform to emulate the rich aqueous dynamics of the brain
Adaptive extreme edge computing for wearable devices
Wearable devices are a fast-growing technology with impact on personal healthcare for both society and economy. Due to the widespread of sensors in pervasive and distributed networks, power consumption, processing speed, and system adaptation are vital in future smart wearable devices. The visioning and forecasting of how to bring computation to the edge in smart sensors have already begun, with an aspiration to provide adaptive extreme edge computing. Here, we provide a holistic view of hardware and theoretical solutions towards smart wearable devices that can provide guidance to research in this pervasive computing era. We propose various solutions for biologically plausible models for continual learning in neuromorphic computing technologies for wearable sensors. To envision this concept, we provide a systematic outline in which prospective low power and low latency scenarios of wearable sensors in neuromorphic platforms are expected. We successively describe vital potential landscapes of neuromorphic processors exploiting complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) and emerging memory technologies (e.g. memristive devices). Furthermore, we evaluate the requirements for edge computing within wearable devices in terms of footprint, power consumption, latency, and data size. We additionally investigate the challenges beyond neuromorphic computing hardware, algorithms and devices that could impede enhancement of adaptive edge computing in smart wearable devices