The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles

Despite growing interest in Open Access (OA) to scholarly literature, there is an unmet need for large-scale, up-to-date, and reproducible studies assessing the prevalence and characteristics of OA. We address this need using oaDOI, an open online service that determines OA status for 67 million articles. We use three samples, each of 100,000 articles, to investigateOAin three populations: (1) all journal articles assigned a Crossref DOI, (2) recent journal articles indexed in Web of Science, and (3) articles viewed by users of Unpaywall, an open-source browser extension that lets users find OA articles using oaDOI. We estimate that at least 28% of the scholarly literature is OA (19M in total) and that this proportion is growing, driven particularly by growth in Gold and Hybrid. The most recent year analyzed (2015) also has the highest percentage of OA (45%). Because of this growth, and the fact that readers disproportionately access newer articles, we find that Unpaywall users encounter OA quite frequently: 47% of articles they view are OA. Notably, the most common mechanism for OA is not Gold, Green, or Hybrid OA, but rather an under-discussed category we dub Bronze: articles made freeto- read on the publisher website, without an explicit Open license. We also examine the citation impact of OA articles, corroborating the so-called open-access citation advantage: accounting for age and discipline, OA articles receive 18% more citations than average, an effect driven primarily by Green and Hybrid OA.Weencourage further research using the free oaDOI service, as a way to inform OA policy and practice

Bibliografía

Bibliograph

Bibliografía

Bibliograph

The State of OA: A Large-Scale Analysis of the Prevalence and Impact of Open Access Articles

Despite growing interest in Open Access (OA) to scholarly literature, there is an unmet need for large-scale, up-to-date, and reproducible studies assessing the prevalence and characteristics of OA. We address this need using oaDOI, an open online service that determines OA status for 67 million articles. We use three samples, each of 100,000 articles, to investigate OA in three populations: (1) all journal articles assigned a Crossref DOI, (2) recent journal articles indexed in Web of Science, and (3) articles viewed by users of Unpaywall, an open-source browser extension that lets users find OA articles using oaDOI. We estimate that at least 28% of the scholarly literature is OA (19M in total) and that this proportion is growing, driven particularly by growth in Gold and Hybrid. The most recent year analyzed (2015) also has the highest percentage of OA (45%). Because of this growth, and the fact that readers disproportionately access newer articles, we find that Unpaywall users encounter OA quite frequently: 47% of articles they view are OA. Notably, the most common mechanism for OA is not Gold, Green, or Hybrid OA, but rather an under-discussed category we dub Bronze: articles made freeto-read on the publisher website, without an explicit Open license. We also examine the citation impact of OA articles, corroborating the so-called open-access citation advantage: accounting for age and discipline, OA articles receive 18% more citations than average, an effect driven primarily by Green and Hybrid OA. We encourage further research using the free oaDOI service, as a way to inform OA policy and practice

An intersectional approach to analyse gender productivity and open access: a bibliometric analysis of the Italian National Research Council

AbstractGender equality and Open Access (OA) are priorities within the European Research Area and cross-cutting issues in European research program H2020. Gender and openness are also key elements of responsible research and innovation. However, despite the common underlying targets of fostering an inclusive, transparent and sustainable research environment, both issues are analysed as independent topics. This paper represents a first exploration of the inter-linkages between gender and OA analysing the scientific production of researchers of the Italian National Research Council under a gender perspective integrated with the different OA publications modes. A bibliometric analysis was carried out for articles published in the period 2016–2018 and retrieved from the Web of Science. Results are presented constantly analysing CNR scientific production in relation to gender, disciplinary fields and OA publication modes. These variables are also used when analysing articles that receive financial support. Our results indicate that gender disparities in scientific production still persist particularly in STEM disciplines, while the gender gap is the closest to parity in medical and agricultural sciences. A positive dynamic toward OA publishing and women's scientific production is shown when disciplines with well-established open practices are related to articles supported by funds. A slightly higher women's propensity toward OA is shown when considering Gold OA, or authorships with women in the first and last article by-line position. The prevalence of Italian funded articles with women's contributions published in Gold OA journals seems to confirm this tendency, especially if considering the weak enforcement of the Italian OA policies

El acceso abierto en las revistas académicas electrónicas en temas de ciencias de la salud en el Arco Insular del Caribe

Este estudio tuvo como propósito caracterizar cuán abiertas son las revistas de acceso abierto del tema de la ciencias de la salud en el Arco Insular del Caribe. Para esto, se seleccionó el Espectro del Acceso Abierto como marco conceptual porque provee seis criterios que tienen indicadores de logro que, al aplicarlos, facilitan la identificación de acciones concretas para aumentar el grado de apertura de una revista. El diseño del estudio fue una investigación mixta con diseño exploratorio. La parte cualitativa consistió de un análisis de contenido de fuentes de información secundaria para identificar las revistas, y un análisis de solapamientos. La parte cuantitativa consistió de la creación de una base de datos que incluyó indicadores, por criterio, a los cuales se le asignaron puntuaciones del Espectro del Acceso Abierto. Luego, se sumaron los puntos de cada criterio, en una escala del 1 al 100, para indicar cuán abierta era cada revista, usando una leyenda basada en el Espectro. Los resultados se interpretaron usando los datos exportados en un archivo Excel que generó la base de datos. El estudio encontró que el grado de apertura de la mayoría de las revistas estudiadas es bastante abierto. También, encontró que los criterios que necesitan fortalecerse más en las revistas relacionadas a la salud en el Arco Insular del Caribe están relacionados con las políticas sobre derechos de autor y derechos de publicación de los autores.The purpose of this study was to characterize the openness of open access journals in the health sciences in the Caribbean Island Arc. For this purpose, the Open Access Spectrum was selected as a conceptual framework because it provides six criteria that have achievement indicators that, when applied, facilitate the identification of concrete actions to increase the degree of openness of a journal. The study design was a mixed research with an exploratory design. The qualitative part consisted of a content analysis of secondary information sources to identify the journals, and an overlap analysis. The quantitative part consisted of the creation of a database that included indicators, by criteria, to which Open Access Spectrum scores were assigned. The points for each criterion were then summed, on a scale of 1 to 100, to indicate how open each journal was, using a legend based on the Spectrum. The results were interpreted using data exported in an Excel file generated by the database. The study found that the degree of openness of most of the journals studied are quite open. It also found that the criteria that need to be further strengthened in health-related journals in the Caribbean Island Arc are related to policies on copyright and authors' publication rights.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Remixed, Remastered: Investigating Organizational Adaptation in Higher Music Education

Higher music education presents a unique opportunity to examine change within higher education due to the digital revolution in the music industry over the past two decades. The purpose for conducting this study was to describe, map, and explain the strategies that higher music education programs are using to adapt to the digital revolution in the music industry. This study was grounded in organizational adaptation theory, drawing upon nine well-established theories: population ecology, life cycles, strategic choice, isomorphism, symbolic action, resource dependence, cybernetics, and network theory. Critical concepts of the turbulent environment, environmental perception, and organizational adaptation strategy emerged from these theories. An organizational adaptation strategy typology consisting of five strategies; decentralization, generalization, specialization, formalization, and inaction; was additionally constructed to create a tool for the measurement and explanation of organizational behavior. Music leaders of accredited institutions and programs that grant four-year degrees (N = 570) were surveyed via email using a survey instrument I designed. This instrument contained 57 items created to measure environmental perception (EP), organizational adaptation strategy (OAS), and characteristics of the institutions and music leaders. Data were collected over a four-week period in February 2021 and produced a response rate of 18.4% (n = 100). The most important result of this study was the observation that higher music education is undergoing a great generalization whereby organizational functions have dramatically expanded over the past five years. Furthermore, the environmental perception abilities of music units were found to be positively correlated with the total amount of organizational adaptation, indicating consistency with major tenants of organizational adaptation theory. These findings demonstrate that while expansionist trends in the field are promising for stakeholders, higher music education must navigate the many pressures of a turbulent music industry environment while balancing unique organizational constraints within higher education. Finally, this study provides empirical evidence for furthering theoretical concepts of organizational adaptation in higher education at the single-discipline level

Weaving global networks: handbook for policy influence

Networks are increasingly drawing scholarly and practitioner attention as very effective ways to organise efforts towards achieving certain social agendas. This has even led to the idea of a network society (term coined by Castells in 1996) who argues that the information technology revolution has facilitated the emergence of a new economy, which is structured around flows of information, power and wealth in global financial networks. The goal of this handbook is two-fold: 1) it aims at contributing towards the systemisation of lessons learned by practitioners from networks of civil society organisations (CSOs) throughout their participation in regional and global for a; and 2) based on these lessons, it seeks to offer some practical tools and guidelines that might help these networks through the use of evidence and knowledge in regional and global public policies and policymaking processes