Lusophone-African SME internationalization: a case for born global and international joint ventures

This study investigates the internationalization strategies of Lusophone Africa multinational enterprises (MNEs) from Angola and Mozambique, more specifically their entry mode. Information was gathered through a survey of 29 MNEs upper management respondents and subsequent face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 24 of them in their countries. The results suggest that most MNEs opted for equity-based investment strategies, mainly joint venture and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) as their preferred mode of entry when internationalizing. A significant group of them opted for e-commerce/e-business strategies and direct and indirect exports. A smaller portion of the interviewees chose Greenfield investment as a mode of entry. Many of these MNEs could be classified as born global/international new venture (INV). Finally, this study presents a conceptual framework for use in studying the entry mode choice of enterprises from Lusophone Africa frontier markets and presents research propositions for better understanding the determinants of entry mode strategies of enterprise from Angola and Mozambique.https://doi.org/10.1080/15475778.2019.1634406Accepted manuscriptPublished versio

Football in Lusophone Africa

Since the beginning of the 20th century, the game of football has spread across the territories of the Portuguese colonial empire in Africa—Angola, Mozambique, Guinea- Bissau, Cape Verde, and São Tomé and Príncipe—quickly becoming part of the daily life of main colonial cities. It was introduced by Portuguese settlers and by individuals of other nationalities; in particular, members of the English business diaspora. Religious missions and schools as well as migrant individuals from trade and labor networks were all agents in the expansion of the game which, since the first decades of the century, has become integrated into the leisure practices of different imperial territories through the formation of clubs, associations, and tournaments. Sports associations were the most mobilizing form of its integration in the Portuguese colonial empire. This network became more extensive in colonies that were significantly urbanized, more populated, had more dynamic economies, and that had more settlers, who increasingly became fans of the game and followed competitions in the newspapers and on the radio. The institutionalization of the game incorporated the discriminatory structure of the Portuguese colonial system. The logic behind official sports policies created by the Estado Novo regime (1933–1974), which until the early 1960s did not include natives (indígenas), was thus applied. And yet, Africans soon took over the game, creating their own clubs and competitions. Resistance to Portuguese colonialism forced political changes, which resulted in a war fought on three different fronts, but also in a gradual abandonment of official policies of racial discrimination. In the colonial football sphere, this opening, combined with the development of a professional market, led to the movement of African players first to colonial clubs, and then to metropolitan clubs, and even to the national team. The fame and talent of these players, especially Eusébio da Silva Ferreira, ultimately helped in disseminating official government propaganda of a multiracial empire.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Internationalization Strategies of African MNEs: a case analysis of Angolan and Mozambican enterprises

Accepted manuscrip

The Mozambique Eyecare Project: Implementing a Model That Addresses Uncorrected Refractive Error in Lusophone Africa.

BACKGROUND Optometric education and resources are drastically deficient in most of Africa, more so in Lusophone Africa where the problem is compounded by language barriers which isolate these countries from related developments in Africa and/or the developed world. The Mozambique Eyecare Programme is a multi-partner collaboration between The International Centre for Eyecare Education (ICEE), Universidade Lúrio in Mozambique, Technological University Dublin, and the University of Ulster in Ireland, designed to address the need for optometric education in Lusophone Africa. AIM This paper aims to document the current situation with regards to human resource development in eyecare in Mozambique and offer analysis of the status and challenges facing the only programme addressing the problem of uncorrected refractive error and low vision in Lusophone Africa through education. METHODS The extent of uncorrected refractive error and existing optometric services in Nampula Province will be extrapolated from the results from a Rapid Assessment of Refractive Error and a situational analysis. The challenges faced by the Mozambique Eyecare Programme will be analysed using results from a baseline survey of students, key informant interviews and analysis of optometric resources available that are published in Portuguese. RESULTS The research into the implementation of the Mozambique Eyecare Programme is ongoing. Results are currently unavailable, but relevant data and analyses emerging from current research within the next 6 months will be presented at the conference. CONCLUSION Human resource development for refractive service delivery in Lusophone Africa is key to the achievement of VISION 2020 goals in this region. Innovative models of education need to take into account the local need, legislative boundaries and situational constraints in order to successfully achieve desired outcomes within specified timeframes

Jungle Food: Revolutionaries in Lusophone Africa

The role of food supplies and what fighters ate is an understudied, yet vital, parto of successful revolutions. Where then best to look for accounts of the particular foods that were eaten by the guerillas? This paper looks at guerilla armies in Angola and ,Mozambque to explore this topic

Internationalization strategies of frontier Lusophone-African multinational enterprises: comparative case studies of Angola and Mozambique

Internationalization theories suggest that enterprises from emerging and frontier markets will adopt different entry modes than those in advanced economies. There are very few studies to date, however, examining the process of how multi-national enterprises (MNEs) from frontier markets internationalize or evaluating which factors influence their mode of entry into global markets. This research investigates the internationalization strategies of Lusophone Africa MNEs from Angola and Mozambique, more specifically their entry mode, to expand the framework for entry mode strategies to include the motivations and issues of MNEs from emerging and frontier economies. Surveys, as well as in-depth, in-country, qualitative interviews reveal that these frontier and emerging market MNEs opted for equity-based investment strategies as their preferred mode of entry. A significant group second group opted for e-commerce/e-business strategies, and direct and indirect exports. Finally, a smaller portion of the interviewees chose Greenfield investment as a mode of entry. Many of these MNEs could be classified as born global/INV.https://doi.org/10.1080/15475778.2017.1335127Accepted manuscriptPublished versio

Cultural ambassadors with a cause: migrant musicians from lusophone Africa in Lisbon

Approaching music as a point of social connection in the postcolonial city of Lisbon, I seek to understand how migrant musicians from Portuguese-speaking African countries position themselves. Drawing on an ethnography carried out in the last 5 years, I argue that the contribution of these musicians to Portuguese expressive culture has not duly been recognized. However, these cultural ambassadors see music as a way of preserving their native cultural values and languages, and use Lisbon as a communicative space. They appeal to (supra)national institutions and governments for structural support and promotion, indicating that their contribution should be considered as an integral part of the cultural heritage of both Africa and Europe

The culture and development agenda in Lusophone Africa

The international discourse around development aid proposes the instrumentalisation of culture based on a positively valued utilitarian objective that is social and economic development. A public policy approach would expect this to be consensual among observers, but it is not, as there are potential negative impacts of such instrumentalisation and discussion is polarized. The interest of this paper is on what model, if any, of cultural policy is being diffused to developing countries and what leeway for policy choice is contained in such agenda. I propose to explore how the link between culture and development is framed in the interaction between international partners such as UNESCO and the EU, and three lusophone African countries: Angola, Mozambique and Cape Verde