Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks: Survey and Research Challenges

A Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a type of wireless ad hoc network that facilitates ubiquitous connectivity between vehicles in the absence of fixed infrastructure. Mul ti-hop routing and beaconing approaches are two important research challenges in high mobility vehicular networks. Routing protocols are divided into two categories of topology-based and position-based routing protocols. In this article, we perform a comparative study among the existing routing solutions, which explores the main advantages and drawbacks behind their design. After implementing the representatives of geographical and topology routing protocols, we analyze the simulation results and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these routing protocols with regard to their suitability to vehicular networks. Lastly, we discuss the open issues and research directions related to VANET routing protocols.Ghafoor, KZ.; Mohammed, M.; Lloret, J.; Abu Bakar, K.; Zainuddin, ZM. (2013). Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks: Survey and Research Challenges. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 5(4):39-83. doi:10.5296/npa.v5i4.4134S39835

Sistemas genéricos de gestão de informação para mobilidade inteligente

Mestrado em Engenharia MecânicaO principal objetivo desta dissertação consiste no estudo, criação e implementação de um sistema genérico/conjunto de regras como base da expansibilidade configurável e reconfigurável de diferentes situações urbanas. A gestão e recolha de dados dinâmicos é um processo desafiante, principalmente num contexto de baixa penetração de dados flutuantes sobre veículos (FVD) e limitada disponibilidade de estações de monitorização de tráfego. Neste trabalho, foram selecionados três segmentos de vias rodoviárias de uma cidade portuguesa de média dimensão (Aveiro) para recolher dados dinâmicos do veículo ao longo de vários cenários de tráfego. Simultaneamente, os volumes de tráfego foram gravados em tempo real. O principal objetivo desta experiência piloto foi avaliar como seria possível ler e prever os níveis de congestionamento de tráfego e emissões com informações limitadas e como devem ser geridos os dados de várias fontes de forma a correlacionar e lidar com esta informação em tempo real. Foi possível correlacionar simultaneamente vários conjuntos de dados, tais como valores de congestionamento, distribuição de modo da potência específica do veículo - VSP (que relaciona a dinâmica de um veículo com as suas emissões de poluentes), dados de tráfego Google e as emissões, de forma a antecipar o que acontece na infraestrutura rodoviária. Os resultados preliminares sugerem que, em artérias urbanas, o tempo de viagem e os níveis de congestionamento podem ser indicadores fiáveis para a estimativa das emissões em tempo real. No entanto, em secções de artérias não urbanas, devido a uma maior variabilidade dos padrões de condução, a estimativa do desempenho do tráfego em tempo real é mais complexa. São igualmente discutidas as questões-chave relativas à implementação de uma plataforma para análise de dados num contexto urbano

Improved Geographical Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) has emerged to establish communication between intelligent vehicles. The high mobility of vehicles and existing of obstacles in urban area make the communication link between vehicles to be unreliable. In this environment, most geographical routing protocols does not consider stable and reliable link during packet forwarding towards destination. Thus, the network performance will be degraded due to large number of packet losses and high packet delay. In this paper, we propose an improved geographical routing protocol named IG for VANET. The proposed IG incorporates relative direction between source vehicle and candidate vehicles, distance between candidate node and destination and beacon reception rate in order to improve geographical greedy forwarding between intersection. Simulation results show that the proposed routing protocols performs better as compared to the existing routing solution.Ghafoor, KZ.; Lloret, J.; Sadiq, AS.; Mohammed, MA. (2015). 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