220 research outputs found
On linkages in polytope graphs
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.A graph is k-linked if any k disjoint vertex-pairs can be joined by k disjoint paths. We slightly improve a lower bound on the linkedness of polytopes. This results in exact values for the minimal linkedness of 7-, 10- and 13-dimensional polytopes.We analyze in detail linkedness of d-polytopes on at most (6d + 7)/5 vertices. In that case, a tight lower bound on minimal linkedness is derived, and examples meeting this lower bound are constructed. These examples contain a class of examples due to Gallivan.DFG, GRK 1408, Methoden für diskrete Strukture
Polytopal Bier spheres and Kantorovich-Rubinstein polytopes of weighted cycles
The problem of deciding if a given triangulation of a sphere can be realized
as the boundary sphere of a simplicial, convex polytope is known as the
"Simplicial Steinitz problem". It is known by an indirect and non-constructive
argument that a vast majority of Bier spheres are non-polytopal. Contrary to
that, we demonstrate that the Bier spheres associated to threshold simplicial
complexes are all polytopal. Moreover, we show that all Bier spheres are
starshaped. We also establish a connection between Bier spheres and
Kantorovich-Rubinstein polytopes by showing that the boundary sphere of the
KR-polytope associated to a polygonal linkage (weighted cycle) is isomorphic to
the Bier sphere of the associated simplicial complex of "short sets"
Small grid embeddings of 3-polytopes
We introduce an algorithm that embeds a given 3-connected planar graph as a
convex 3-polytope with integer coordinates. The size of the coordinates is
bounded by . If the graph contains a triangle we can
bound the integer coordinates by . If the graph contains a
quadrilateral we can bound the integer coordinates by . The
crucial part of the algorithm is to find a convex plane embedding whose edges
can be weighted such that the sum of the weighted edges, seen as vectors,
cancel at every point. It is well known that this can be guaranteed for the
interior vertices by applying a technique of Tutte. We show how to extend
Tutte's ideas to construct a plane embedding where the weighted vector sums
cancel also on the vertices of the boundary face
Embedding Stacked Polytopes on a Polynomial-Size Grid
A stacking operation adds a -simplex on top of a facet of a simplicial
-polytope while maintaining the convexity of the polytope. A stacked
-polytope is a polytope that is obtained from a -simplex and a series of
stacking operations. We show that for a fixed every stacked -polytope
with vertices can be realized with nonnegative integer coordinates. The
coordinates are bounded by , except for one axis, where the
coordinates are bounded by . The described realization can be
computed with an easy algorithm.
The realization of the polytopes is obtained with a lifting technique which
produces an embedding on a large grid. We establish a rounding scheme that
places the vertices on a sparser grid, while maintaining the convexity of the
embedding.Comment: 22 pages, 10 Figure
The rigidity of infinite graphs
A rigidity theory is developed for the Euclidean and non-Euclidean placements
of countably infinite simple graphs in R^d with respect to the classical l^p
norms, for d>1 and 1<p<\infty. Generalisations are obtained for the Laman and
Henneberg combinatorial characterisations of generic infinitesimal rigidity for
finite graphs in the Euclidean plane. Also Tay's multi-graph characterisation
of the rigidity of generic finite body-bar frameworks in d-dimensional
Euclidean space is generalised to the non-Euclidean l^p norms and to countably
infinite graphs. For all dimensions and norms it is shown that a generically
rigid countable simple graph is the direct limit of an inclusion tower of
finite graphs for which the inclusions satisfy a relative rigidity property.
For d>2 a countable graph which is rigid for generic placements in R^d may fail
the stronger property of sequential rigidity, while for d=2 the equivalence
with sequential rigidity is obtained from the generalised Laman
characterisations. Applications are given to the flexibility of non-Euclidean
convex polyhedra and to the infinitesimal and continuous rigidity of compact
infinitely-faceted simplicial polytopes.Comment: 51 page
The orbit rigidity matrix of a symmetric framework
A number of recent papers have studied when symmetry causes frameworks on a
graph to become infinitesimally flexible, or stressed, and when it has no
impact. A number of other recent papers have studied special classes of
frameworks on generically rigid graphs which are finite mechanisms. Here we
introduce a new tool, the orbit matrix, which connects these two areas and
provides a matrix representation for fully symmetric infinitesimal flexes, and
fully symmetric stresses of symmetric frameworks. The orbit matrix is a true
analog of the standard rigidity matrix for general frameworks, and its analysis
gives important insights into questions about the flexibility and rigidity of
classes of symmetric frameworks, in all dimensions.
With this narrower focus on fully symmetric infinitesimal motions, comes the
power to predict symmetry-preserving finite mechanisms - giving a simplified
analysis which covers a wide range of the known mechanisms, and generalizes the
classes of known mechanisms. This initial exploration of the properties of the
orbit matrix also opens up a number of new questions and possible extensions of
the previous results, including transfer of symmetry based results from
Euclidean space to spherical, hyperbolic, and some other metrics with shared
symmetry groups and underlying projective geometry.Comment: 41 pages, 12 figure
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