43,180 research outputs found
A Guide to Service Learning
The purpose of this guide is to facilitate successful and meaningful service learning activities for middle school students at River Bluff Middle School. Middle school students involved in service learning activities are positively impacted and provide a service to the community
Bluffing as a Rational Strategy in a Simple Poker-Like Game Model
We present a simple adaptive learning model of a poker-like game, by means of which we show how a bluffing strategy emerges very naturally and can also be rational and evolutionarily stable. Despite their very simple learning algorithms, agents learn to bluff, and the most bluffing player is usually the winner
Fighting Online Click-Fraud Using Bluff Ads
Online advertising is currently the greatest source of revenue for many
Internet giants. The increased number of specialized websites and modern
profiling techniques, have all contributed to an explosion of the income of ad
brokers from online advertising. The single biggest threat to this growth, is
however, click-fraud. Trained botnets and even individuals are hired by
click-fraud specialists in order to maximize the revenue of certain users from
the ads they publish on their websites, or to launch an attack between
competing businesses.
In this note we wish to raise the awareness of the networking research
community on potential research areas within this emerging field. As an example
strategy, we present Bluff ads; a class of ads that join forces in order to
increase the effort level for click-fraud spammers. Bluff ads are either
targeted ads, with irrelevant display text, or highly relevant display text,
with irrelevant targeting information. They act as a litmus test for the
legitimacy of the individual clicking on the ads. Together with standard
threshold-based methods, fake ads help to decrease click-fraud levels.Comment: Draf
No-Regret Learning in Extensive-Form Games with Imperfect Recall
Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) is an efficient no-regret learning
algorithm for decision problems modeled as extensive games. CFR's regret bounds
depend on the requirement of perfect recall: players always remember
information that was revealed to them and the order in which it was revealed.
In games without perfect recall, however, CFR's guarantees do not apply. In
this paper, we present the first regret bound for CFR when applied to a general
class of games with imperfect recall. In addition, we show that CFR applied to
any abstraction belonging to our general class results in a regret bound not
just for the abstract game, but for the full game as well. We verify our theory
and show how imperfect recall can be used to trade a small increase in regret
for a significant reduction in memory in three domains: die-roll poker, phantom
tic-tac-toe, and Bluff.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures, expanded version of article to appear in
Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Conference on Machine Learnin
Strong between-site variation in New Caledonian crows' use of hook-tool-making materials
The study was funded through a BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship (grants BB/G023913/1 and BB/G023913/2 to CR) and doctoral studentships from the BBSRC (BK), JASSO (SS), and the School of Biology, University of St Andrews (JvdW).Functional tool use requires the selection of appropriate raw materials. New Caledonian crows Corvus moneduloides are known for their extraordinary tool-making behaviour, including the crafting of hooked stick tools from branched vegetation. We describe a surprisingly strong between-site difference in the plant materials used by wild crows to manufacture these tools: crows at one study site use branches of the non-native shrub Desmanthus virgatus, whereas only approximately 7 km away, birds apparently ignore this material in favour of the terminal twigs of an as-yet-unidentified tree species. Although it is likely that differences in local plant communities drive this striking pattern, it remains to be determined how and why crows develop such strong site-specific preferences for certain raw materials.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Using Public Schools as Community-Development Tools: Strategies for Community-Based Developers
This paper explores the use of public schools as tools for community and economic development. As major place-based infrastructure and an integral part of the community fabric, public schools can have a profound impact on the social, economic and physical character of a neighborhood. Addressing public schools, therefore, is a good point of entry for community-based developers to place their work in a comprehensive community-development context. The paper examines ways in which community-based developers can learn from, as well as contribute to, current community-based efforts, particularly in disinvested urban areas, to reinforce the link between public schools and neighborhoods. Furthermore, the paper considers the policy implications of including public schools in comprehensive development strategies, and argues that reinforcing the link between public schools and neighborhoods is not only good education policy, but also good community-development policy and practice
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