8 research outputs found
Riemannian approaches in Brain-Computer Interfaces: a review
International audienceAlthough promising from numerous applications, current Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) still suffer from a number of limitations. In particular, they are sensitive to noise, outliers and the non-stationarity of ElectroEncephaloGraphic (EEG) signals, they require long calibration times and are not reliable. Thus, new approaches and tools, notably at the EEG signal processing and classification level, are necessary to address these limitations. Riemannian approaches, spearheaded by the use of covariance matrices, are such a very promising tool slowly adopted by a growing number of researchers. This article, after a quick introduction to Riemannian geometry and a presentation of the BCI-relevant manifolds, reviews how these approaches have been used for EEG-based BCI, in particular for feature representation and learning, classifier design and calibration time reduction. Finally, relevant challenges and promising research directions for EEG signal classification in BCIs are identified, such as feature tracking on manifold or multi-task learning
Workshops of the Sixth International Brain–Computer Interface Meeting: brain–computer interfaces past, present, and future
Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) (also referred to as brain–machine interfaces; BMI) are, by definition, an interface between the human brain and a technological application. Brain activity for interpretation by the BCI can be acquired with either invasive or non-invasive methods. The key point is that the signals that are interpreted come directly from the brain, bypassing sensorimotor output channels that may or may not have impaired function. This paper provides a concise glimpse of the breadth of BCI research and development topics covered by the workshops of the 6th International Brain–Computer Interface Meeting
De animais a máquinas : humanos tecnicamente melhores nos imaginários de futuro da convergência tecnológica
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Sociologia, 2020.O tema desta investigação é discutir os imaginários sociais de ciência e tecnologia que emergem
a partir da área da neuroengenharia, em sua relação com a Convergência Tecnológica de quatro
disciplinas: Nanotecnologia, Biotecnologia, tecnologias da Informação e tecnologias Cognitivas -
neurociências- (CT-NBIC). Estas áreas desenvolvem-se e são articuladas por meio de discursos
que ressaltam o aprimoramento das capacidades físicas e cognitivas dos seres humanos, com
o intuito de construir uma sociedade melhor por meio do progresso científico e tecnológico, nos
limites das agendas de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D).
Objetivos:
Os objetivos nesse cenário, são discutir as implicações éticas, econômicas, políticas e sociais
deste modelo de sistema sociotécnico. Nos referimos, tanto as aplicações tecnológicas, quanto
as consequências das mesmas na formação dos imaginários sociais, que tipo de relações se
estabelecem e como são criadas dentro desse contexto.
Conclusão:
Concluímos na busca por refletir criticamente sobre as propostas de aprimoramento humano
mediado pela tecnologia, que surgem enquanto parte da agenda da Convergência Tecnológica
NBIC. No entanto, as propostas de melhoramento humano vão muito além de uma agenda de
investigação. Há todo um quadro de referências filosóficas e políticas que defendem o
aprimoramento da espécie, vertentes estas que se aliam a movimentos trans-humanistas e pós-
humanistas, posições que são ao mesmo tempo éticas, políticas e econômicas. A partir de nossa
análise, entendemos que ciência, tecnologia e política estão articuladas, em coprodução, em
relação às expectativas de futuros que são esperados ou desejados. Ainda assim, acreditamos
que há um espaço de diálogo possível, a partir do qual buscamos abrir propostas para o debate
público sobre questões de ciência e tecnologia relacionadas ao aprimoramento da espécie
humana.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The subject of this research is to discuss the social imaginaries of science and technology that
emerge from the area of neuroengineering in relation with the Technological Convergence of four
disciplines: Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information technologies and Cognitive technologies
-neurosciences- (CT-NBIC). These areas are developed and articulated through discourses that
emphasize the enhancement of human physical and cognitive capacities, the intuition it is to build
a better society, through the scientific and technological progress, at the limits of the research
and development (R&D) agendas.
Objectives:
The objective in this scenery, is to discuss the ethic, economic, politic and social implications of
this model of sociotechnical system. We refer about the technological applications and the
consequences of them in the formation of social imaginaries as well as the kind of social relations
that are created and established in this context.
Conclusion:
We conclude looking for critical reflections about the proposals of human enhancement mediated
by the technology. That appear as a part of the NBIC technologies agenda. Even so, the
proposals of human enhancement go beyond boundaries that an investigation agenda. There is
a frame of philosophical and political references that defend the enhancement of the human
beings. These currents that ally to the transhumanism and posthumanism movements, positions
that are ethic, politic and economic at the same time. From our analysis, we understand that
science, technology and politics are articulated, are in co-production, regarding the expected and
desired futures. Even so, we believe that there is a space of possible dialog, from which we look
to open proposals for the public discussion on questions of science and technology related to
enhancement of human beings