3 research outputs found

    Convergencia de tecnolog铆as 贸pticas y Ethernet en LAN, MAN y SAN: nuevas arquitecturas, an谩lisis de prestaciones y eficiencia energ茅tica

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    Menci贸n Internacional en el t铆tulo de doctorThe development of Information Technologies in the last decades, especially the last two, together with the introduction of computing devices to the mainstream consumer market, has had the logical consequence of the generalisation of the Internet access. The explosive development of the smartphone market has brought ubiquity to that generalisation, to the point that social interaction, content sharing and content production happens all the time. Social networks have all but increased that trend, maximising the diffusion of multimedia content: images, audio and video, which require high network capacities to be enjoyed quickly. This need for endless bandwidth and speed in information sharing brings challenges that affect mainly optical Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) and Wide Area Networks (WANs). Furthermore, the wide spreading of Ethernet technologies has also brought the possibility to achieve economies of scale by either extending the reach of Ethernet Local Area Networks (LANs) to the MAN and WAN environment or even integrating them with Storage Area Networks (SANs). Finally, this generalisation of telecommunication technologies in every day life has as a consequence an important rise in energy consumption as well. Because of this, providing energy efficient strategies in networking is key to ensure the scalability of the whole Internet. In this thesis, the main technologies in all the fields mentioned above are reviewed, its core challenges identified and several contributions beyond the state of the art are suggested to improve today鈥檚 MANs andWANs. In the first contribution of this thesism, the integration between Metro Ethernet and Wavelength Division Multiplexion (WDM) optical transparent rings is explored by proposing an adaptation architecture to provide efficient broadcast and multicast. The second contribution explores the fusion between transparent WDM and OCDMA architectures to simplify medium access in a ring. Regarding SANs, the third contribution explores the challenges in SANs through the problems of Fibre Channel over Ethernet due to buffer design issues. In this contribution, analysis, design and validation with FCoE traces and simulation is provided to calculate buffer overflow probabilities in the absence of flow control mechanisms taking into account the bursty nature of SAN traffic. Finally, the fourth and last contribution addresses the problems of energy efficiency in Plastic Optical Fibres (POF), a new kind of optical fibre more suitable for transmission in vehicles and for home networking. This contribution suggests two packet coalescing strategies to further improve the energy effiency mechanisms in POFs.El desarrollo de las Tecnolog铆as de la Informaci贸n en las 煤ltimas d茅cadas, especialmente las 煤ltimas dos, junto con la introducci贸n de dispositivos inform谩ticos al mercado de masas, ha tenido como consecuencia l贸gica la generalizaci贸n del acceso a Internet. El explosivo desarrollo del mercado de tel茅fonos inteligentes ha a帽adido un factor de ubicuidad a tal generalizaci贸n, al extremo de que la interacci贸n social, la compartici贸n y producci贸n de contenidos sucede a cada instante. Las redes sociales no han hecho sino incrementar tal tendencia, maximizando la difusi贸n de contenido multimedia: im谩genes, audio y v铆deo, los cuales requieren gran capacidad en las redes para poder obtenerse con rapidez. Esta necesidad de ancho de banda ilimitado y velocidad en la compartici贸n de informaci贸n trae consigo retos que afectan principalmente a las Redes de 脕rea Metropolitana (Metropolitan Area Networks, MANs) y Redes de 脕rea Extensa (Wide Area Networks, WANs). Adem谩s, la gran difusi贸n de las tecnolog铆as Ethernet ha tra铆do la posibilidad de alcanzar econom铆as de escala bien extendiendo el alcance de Ethernet m谩s all谩 de las Redes de 脕rea Local (Local Area Networks, LANs) al entorno de las MAN y las WAN o incluso integr谩ndolas con Redes de Almacenamiento (Storage Area Networks, SANs). Finalmente, esta generalizaci贸n de las tecnolog铆as de la comunicaci贸n en la vida cotidiana tiene tambi茅n como consecuencia un importante aumento en el consumo de energ铆a. Por tanto, desarrollar estrategias de transmisi贸n en red eficientes energ茅ticamente es clave para asegurar la escalabilidad de Internet. En esta tesis, las principales tecnolog铆as de todos los campos mencionados arriba ser谩n estudiadas, sus m谩s importantes retos identificados y se sugieren varias contribuciones m谩s all谩 del actual estado del arte para mejorar las actuales MANs y WANs. En la primera contribuci贸n de esta tesis, se explora la integraci贸n entre Metro Ethernet y anillos 贸pticos transparentes por Multiplexi贸n en Longitud de Onda (Wavelength Division Multiplex, WDM) mediante la proposici贸n de una arquitectura de adaptaci贸n para permitir la difusi贸n y multidifusi贸n eficiente. La segunda contribuci贸n explora la fusi贸n entre las arquitecturas transparentes WDM y arquitecturas por Accesso Dividido M煤ltiple por C贸digos 脫pticos (OCDMA) para simplificar el acceso en una red en anillo. En lo referente a las SANs, la tercera contribuci贸n explora los retos en SANs a trav茅s de los problemas de Fibre Channel sobre Ethernet debido a los problemas en el dise帽o de b煤feres. En esta contribuci贸n, se provee un an谩lisis, dise帽o y validaci贸n con trazas FCoE para calcular las probabilidades de desbordamiento de buffer en ausencia de mecanismos de control de flujo teniendo en cuenta la naturaleza rafagosa del tr谩fico de SAN. Finalmente, la cuarta y 煤ltima contribuci贸n aborda los problemas de eficiencia energ茅tica en Fibras 脫pticas Pl谩sticas (POF), una nueva variedad de fibra 贸ptica m谩s adecuada para la transmisi贸n en veh铆culos y para entornos de red caseros. Esta contribuci贸n sugiere dos estrategias de agrupamiento de paquetes para mejorar los mecanismos de eficiencia energ茅tica en POFs.Programa Oficial de Posgrado en Ingenier铆a Telem谩ticaPresidente: Luca Valcarenghi.- Secretario: Ignacio Soto Campos.- Vocal: Bas Huiszoo

    Proceedings of the Sixth General Meeting of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry

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    This volume is the proceedings of the sixth General Meeting of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), held in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, February 7-13, 2010. The contents of this volume also appear on the IVS Web site at http://ivscc.gsfc.nasa.gov/publications/gm2010. The keynote of the sixth GM was the new perspectives of the next generation VLBI system under the theme "VLBI2010: From Vision to Reality". The goal of the meeting was to provide an interesting and informative program for a wide cross-section of IVS members, including station operators, program managers, and analysts. This volume contains 88 papers. All papers were edited by the editors for usage of the English language, form, and minor content-related issues
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