Position-Dependent Performance in 5 nm Vertically Stacked Lateral Si Nanowires Transistors

In this work, we investigated the performance of vertically stacked lateral nanowires transistors (NWTs) considering the effects of series resistance. Also, we consider the vertical positions of the lateral nanowires in the stack and diameter variation of the lateral NWTs as new sources of process variability

Stiffer optical tweezers through real-time feedback control

Using real-time re-programmable signal processing we connect acousto-optic steering and back-focal-plane interferometric position detection in optical tweezers to create a fast feedback controlled instrument. When trapping 3 µm latex beads in water we find that proportional-gain position-clamping increases the effective lateral trap stiffness ~13-fold. A theoretical power spectrum for bead fluctuations during position-clamped trapping is derived and agrees with the experimental data. The loop delay, ~19 µs in our experiment, limits the maximum achievable effective trap stiffness

Concealment by uniform motion

The perceived lateral position of a transmitted beam, upon propagating through a slab made of homogeneous, isotropic, dielectric material at an oblique angle, can be controlled through varying the velocity of the slab. In particular, by judiciously selecting the slab velocity, the transmitted beam can emerge from the slab with no lateral shift in position. Thereby, a degree of concealment can be achieved. This concealment is explored in numerical calculations based on a 2D Gaussian beam

Venous velocity of the right femoral vein decreases in the right lateral decubitus position compared to the supine position: a cause of postoperative pulmonary embolism?

The right lateral decubitus position is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary embolism. We examined postural changes of femoral vein velocity in order to elucidate the mechanism. Thirty patients scheduled for general thoracic surgery were enrolled in this study. The common femoral veins on both sides were examined by color-duplex ultrasound for venous caliber and velocity when the patients were in the right lateral, left lateral, and supine positions. The maximum diameters of the right femoral vein in the right lateral decubitus position and the left femoral vein in the left decubitus position were significantly larger than those in the other positions. The venous velocity of the right femoral vein in the right lateral decubitus position was significantly smaller than that in the supine position, while the velocity of the left femoral vein in the left lateral decubitus position was not significantly decreased. We speculate that the decreased venous velocity of the right femoral vein in the right lateral decubitus position could result in a deep venous thromboembolism in the right leg, making this position a possible risk factor for postoperative pulmonary embolism.</p

Some remarks on wheeled autonomous vehicles and the evolution of their control design

Recent investigations on the longitudinal and lateral control of wheeled autonomous vehicles are reported. Flatness-based techniques are first introduced via a simplified model. It depends on some physical parameters, like cornering stiffness coefficients of the tires, friction coefficient of the road, ..., which are notoriously difficult to identify. Then a model-free control strategy, which exploits the flat outputs, is proposed. Those outputs also depend on physical parameters which are poorly known, i.e., the vehicle mass and inertia and the position of the center of gravity. A totally model-free control law is therefore adopted. It employs natural output variables, namely the longitudinal velocity and the lateral deviation of the vehicle. This last method, which is easily understandable and implementable, ensures a robust trajectory tracking problem in both longitudinal and lateral dynamics. Several convincing computer simulations are displayed.Comment: 9th IFAC Symposium on Intelligent Autonomous Vehicles (Leipzig, Germany, 29.06.2016 - 01.07.2016

Kinesiological study of the push-up motion in spinal cord injury patients: involving measurement of hand pressure applied to a force plate.

We studied the pressure exerted by hands during push-ups in 21 paraplegic and 2 tetraplegic patients employing 4 different hand positions. In the fingers-spread position, the initial force exerted was a vertical force (Fz), followed by a medio-lateral force (Fy) and then an antero-posterior force (Fx). In the other 3 positions, the order of force type exertion was Fz, Fx, and then Fy. All subjects with neurological injury levels above T4 and subjects between T5 and T10 without spinal instrumentation could not push themselves up in the fingers-spread position. The fact that Fy is initiated before Fx in the fingers-spread position indicates that lateral balancing of the trunk is critical in this position, thus explaining why subjects without spinal instrumentation with neurological injury at a level higher than T10 could not control their spinal columns while performing push-ups. In contrast, antero-posterior balancing takes priority in the other hand positions. We believe that spinal instrumentation helps balance the trunk in the lateral direction, converting the thoracic spine into a rigid body in subjects with neurological injury at levels above T10. </p

Probing the dynamics of an optically trapped particle by phase sensitive back focal plane interferometry

The dynamics of an optically trapped particle are often determined by measuring intensity shifts of the back-scattered light from the particle using position sensitive detectors. We present a technique which measures the phase of the back-scattered light using balanced detection in an external Mach-Zender interferometer scheme where we separate out and beat the scattered light from the bead and that from the top surface of our trapping chamber. The technique has improved axial motion resolution over intensity-based detection, and can also be used to measure lateral motion of the trapped particle. In addition, we are able to track the Brownian motion of trapped 1 and 3 $\mu$m diameter beads from the phase jitter and show that, similar to intensity-based measurements, phase measurements can also be used to simultaneously determine displacements of the trapped bead as well as the spring constant of the trap. For lateral displacements, we have matched our experimental results with a simulation of the overall phase contour of the back-scattered light for lateral displacements by using plane wave decomposition in conjunction with Mie scattering theory. The position resolution is limited by path drifts of the interferometer which we have presently reduced to obtain a displacement resolution of around 2 nm for 1.1 $\mu$m diameter probes by locking the interferometer to a frequency stabilized diode laser.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Lateral positioning for critically ill adult patients

We aim to assess the effect of the lateral position compared to other body positions on patient outcomes (mortality, morbidity and clinical adverse events during and following positioning) in critically ill adult patients. We will examine the single use of the lateral position (that is on the right or left side) and repeat use of the lateral position(s) in a positioning schedule (that is lateral positioning). We plan to undertake subgroup analysis for primary disease and condition, severity of illness, the presence of assisted ventilation and angle of lateral rotation.<br /

Comparison of The Kois Dento-Facial Analyzer System with an Earbow for Mounting a Maxillary Cast

Statement of problem: The Kois Dento-Facial Analyzer System (KDFA) is used by clinicians to mount maxillary casts and evaluate and treat patients. Limited information is available for understanding whether the KDFA should be considered as an alternative to an earbow. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate maxillary casts mounted using the KDFA with casts mounted using Panadent\u27s Pana-Mount Facebow (PMF). Both articulation methods were compared against a lateral cephalometric radiograph. Material and methods: Fifteen dried human skulls were used. Lateral cephalometric radiographs and 2 maxillary impressions were made of each skull. One cast from each skull was mounted on an articulator by means of the KDFA and the other by using the PMF. A standardized photograph of each articulation was made, and the distance from the articular center to the incisal edge position and the occlusal plane angle were measured. The distance from condylar center to the incisal edge and the occlusal plane angle were measured from cephalometric radiographs. Finally, the 3-dimensional position of each articulation was determined with a Panadent CPI-III. A randomized complete block design analysis of variance (RCBD) and post hoc tests (Tukey-Kramer HSD) (α=.05) were used to evaluate the occlusal plane angle and axis-central incisor distance. A paired 2-sample t test for means (α=.05) was used to compare the X, Y, and Z distance at the right and left condyle. Results: The KDFA and PMF mounted the maxillary cast in a position that was not statistically different from the skull when comparing the occlusal plane angle (P=.165). Both the KDFA and the PMF located the maxillary central incisor edge position in a significantly different position compared with the skull (P=.001) but were not significantly different from each other. The 3-dimensional location of the maxillary casts varied at the condyles by approximately 9 to 10.3 mm. Conclusion: The KDFA mounted the maxillary cast in a position that was not statistically different from the PMF when comparing the incisal edge position and the occlusal plane angle. Both the KDFA and the PMF located the maxillary incisal edge position in a significantly different position compared with the anatomic position on dried human skulls