Library, hub of knowledge and communication in Eleusina

Σημείωση: α) η ηλεκτρονική έκδοση δεν καλύπτει ή δεν αποδίδει την αντίστοιχη έντυπη. Στο κύριο αρχείο της εργασίας προστέθηκαν σελίδες από την έντυπη έκδοση. β) διατίθεται σε ενιαίο συνοδευτικό αρχείο η ηλεκτρονική έκδοση, όπως διατέθηκε από τον/τη δημιο

Single Transferable Vote: Incomplete Knowledge and Communication Issues

International audienceSingle Transferable Vote (STV) is used in large political elections around the world. It is easy to understand and has desirable normative properties such as clone-proofness. However, voters need to report full rankings, which can make it less practical than plurality voting. We study ways to minimize the amount of communication required to use single-winner STV. In the first part of the paper, voters are assumed to report their top-k alternatives in a single shot. We empirically evaluate the extent to which STV with truncated ballots approximates STV with full information. We also study the computational complexity of the possible winner problem for top-k ballots. For $k=1$, it can be solved in polynomial time, but is NP-complete when $k\geq 2$. In the second part, we consider interactive communication protocols for STV. Building on a protocol proposed by Conitzer and Sandholm (2005), we show how we can reduce the amount of communication required in practice. We then study empirically the average communication complexity of these protocols, based on randomly generated profiles, and on real-world election data. Our conclusion is that STV needs, in practice, much less information than in the worst case

Knowledge acquisition and dissemination for emergency situation

Emergency situation is highly uncertain, dynamic, time pressure in making decisions and involves multi organizations and multi jurisdiction level. This paper presents a conceptual architecture that can be used by emergency response task force in assisting the victims of the disaster. Flood disaster is used as a case study. The architecture describes the knowledge and communication for flood emergency response management

Medical student self-efficacy, knowledge and communication in adolescent medicine

Objectives To evaluate student self-efficacy, knowledge and communication with teen issues and learning activities. Methods Data were collected during the 8-week pediatric rotation for third–year medical students at a local children’s hospital. Students completed a self-efficacy instrument at the beginning and end of the rotation; knowledge and communication skills were evaluated during standardized patient cases as part of the objective structured clinical examination. Self-efficacy, knowledge and communication frequencies were described with descriptive statistics; differences between groups were also evaluated utilizing two-sample t-tests. Results Self-efficacy levels of both groups increased by the end of the pediatric rotation, but students in the two-lecture group displayed significantly higher self-efficacy in confidentiality with adolescents (t(35)=-2.543, p=0.02); interviewing adolescents, assessing risk, sexually transmitted infection risk and prevention counseling, contraception counseling were higher with marginal significance. No significant differences were found between groups for communication; assessing sexually transmitted infection risk was marginally significant for knowledge application during the clinical exam. Conclusions Medical student self-efficacy appears to change over time with effects from different learning methods; this higher self-efficacy may increase future comfort and willingness to work with this high-risk, high-needs group throughout a medical career

A Practice Innovation to Improve Staff Vaccination Knowledge and Skills

Abstract: The practice improvement project explored the best practices for equipping CentraCare Health System\u27s (CCHS) Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Certified Medical Assistants\u27 (CMAs) with childhood vaccination knowledge and communication skills necessary to educate hesitant patients and parents about the benefits of vaccination compliance. Innovative computer-based education (CBE) was identified and developed to empower LPNs and CMAs working in the ambulatory setting with childhood vaccination knowledge and communication skills to improve their ability to educate hesitant patients and parents about the benefits of vaccination. The CBE module was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior in identifying vaccination knowledge and communication intention. Intentions to use acquired vaccination knowledge and communication skills were assess pre and post the CBE. Results: The results are statistically significant indications that both new and existing LPNs and CMAs gained the necessary vaccination knowledge and communication skills to be advocates of vaccination compliance. Post CBE mean scores on vaccination knowledge and communication skills were statistically higher in both new and existing employees (all p\u3c 0.0005). Self-reported intentions to use vaccination knowledge, initiate vaccination conversations, and utilize the vaccination communication skills post CBE were high. Continuation of the CBE vaccination education may increase vaccination compliance rates and avert potential outbreak of communicable diseases. Further studies should explore LPNs and CMAs experiences with hesitant patients at the point-of-care.https://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1144/thumbnail.jp

Shared Knowledge and Communication: A Pragmatic Analysis of Taofiq Azeez’s Brigandage

Pragmatics is the study of meaning as used in context and interpreted by the listener. Bearing the focus of Pragmatics in mind, this work adopts Cooperative Principles formulated by Paul Grice to analyse Taofiq Azeez’s Brigandage. The aim is to see how the cooperation between the characters facilitates communication in the text and to determine the extent to which the characters in the text observe the principles formulated by Paul Grice. This work also identifies the implicature generated by the characters as they break the maxims. That is, what meaning a character implies as he fails to observe the maxim(s). Some data were collected from the text and analysed. It was observed that interlocutors, as represented by the characters, strive to cooperate with each other but, for obvious reasons, flout the maxims; thus, implying additional meaning beyond what is explicitly said. The study revealed that non-observance of maxims does not impair communication owing to the fact that listeners, through shared knowledge, infer the implied meaning from the speaker’s contribution and this sustains communication

Labour, knowledge and communication: rethinking the practical content of critical social theory

In response to the reification of social reality caused, according to the first generation of the Frankfurt School, by the instrumental mastery of nature, Adorno, Horkheimer and Marcuse have elaborated a critique of instrumental reason aimed at providing the theoretical tools for a treatment of the social realm as a field of human practice. Concerned with the risks of reproducing the relationship between humanity and nature hindering human emancipation, they have nevertheless sought to limit the task of critical theory to a theoretical form of resistance, thereby divorcing social theory from the practical orientations found in Marx‟s critique of political economy. It was not until the works of second-generation critical theorist Jürgen Habermas, that one could find a renewed attempt to link theory with the objective conditions of existence thought to be required for human emancipation. With these theoretical developments, however, social theory was effectively stripped of its critique of technology, and became primarily concerned with the problem of human emancipation as a matter strictly regarding intersubjective relations. The present work proposes that the formulation of a social critique oriented towards the institutionalisation of emancipatory practice cannot presuppose or apologise for the instrumental mastery of external nature. It shall be argued that in order to achieve such a task, the critique of instrumental reason elaborated by the first generation of Frankfurt School theorists must be complemented and completed with the broad outline of an institutional framework capable of indicating the conditions of existence required for the actualisation of human emancipation as the labour-mediated reconciliation of humanity with both internal and external nature, and for which the works of G.D.H. Cole provide a potential basis for rethinking critical theory and updating libertarian socialism

Social knowledge and communication in children with traumatic brain injury & research portfolio

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

HPV Immunization: Reducing Missed Opportunities through Enhanced Provider Knowledge and Communication Strategies

The purpose of the project was to increase healthcare professionals’ knowledge regarding HPV, the vaccine, and communication strategies to improve vaccine acceptance. In addition, the purpose was to increase healthcare professionals’ level of comfort in using the communication strategies discussed. The project was also designed to reduce HPV vaccination rates of missed opportunities and increase overall HPV vaccination coverage. The rates of HPV vaccination coverage are significantly lower than other adolescent vaccines. There has been minimal research on the impact of an educational intervention in rural areas. A literature review was performed prior to project design and implementation, which revealed the significance of providing healthcare professional education. An educational intervention was performed in two rural family practice clinics in North Dakota. Post-test questionnaires were collected to evaluate healthcare professional knowledge and comfort using a 5-point Likert scale. HPV vaccination and missed opportunity rates were monitored for two months before and after the intervention. The results of the questionnaire revealed an average Likert score of 3.97 for increased understanding of HPV, the vaccine, and communication strategies. The average Likert score for increased comfort with the new communication strategies was 4.06. The number of missed opportunities at routine exams, including well child and physical exams, was reduced from 32 in the two months prior to implementation of the educational intervention to only 17 in the two months after implementation at one of the rural clinics. No change was noted in overall HPV vaccination rates or missed opportunities. In conclusion, further research is needed to understand the type of education required for reduced HPV vaccination rates and sustainability. Continued research should also evaluate the impact of a multifaceted approach to improve HPV vaccination rates

Use of project-based learning in increasing students' vocabulary knowledge & communicative ability

The paper reports on a study that examined the use of Project-Based Learning (PBL) increasing students’ vocabulary knowledge. The study was conducted in some private institutes for some Iranian junior high school students.After applying the approach and conducting post-test, significant differences were observed. This approach can be used as a training tool to help acquire vocabulary. The Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach in education often generates justifiable enthusiasm among those who have become frustrated with the limitations of traditional lecture-based education. In recent years, it has been widely acknowledged that classes designed by utilizing Project-Based Learning (PBL) are effective in enhancing the problem-solving ability of students.In PBL-based classes, students worked in groups and tried to apply their knowledge to solve the problems by themselves; therefore, such classes were effective in improving students’ vocabulary knowledge and communication abilities