A Practical Procedure to Integrate the First 1:500 Urban Map of Valencia into a Tile-Based Geospatial Information System

[EN] The use of geographic data from early maps is a common approach to understanding urban geography as well as to study the evolution of cities over time. The specific goal of this paper is to provide a means for the integration of the first 1:500 urban map of the city of Valencia (Spain) on a tile-based geospatial system. We developed a workflow consisting of three stages: the digitization of the original 421 map sheets, the transformation to the European Terrestrial Reference System of 1989 (ETRS89), and the conversion to a tile-based file format, where the second stage is clearly the most mathematically involved. The second stage actually consists of two steps, one transformation from the pixel reference system to the 1929 local reference system followed by a second transformation from the 1929 local to the ETRS89 system. The last stage comprises a map reprojection to adapt to tile-based geospatial standards. The paper describes a pilot study of one map sheet and results showed that the affine and bilinear transformations performed well in both transformations with average residuals under 6 and 3 cm respectively. The online viewer developed in this study shows that the derived tile-based map conforms to common standards and lines up well with other raster and vector datasets.Villar-Cano, M.; Jiménez-Martínez, MJ.; Marqués-Mateu, Á. (2019). A Practical Procedure to Integrate the First 1:500 Urban Map of Valencia into a Tile-Based Geospatial Information System. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 8(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi809037837889Bitelli, G., & Gatta, G. (2011). Digital Processing and 3D Modelling of an 18th Century Scenographic Map of Bologna. Advances in Cartography and GIScience. Volume 2, 129-146. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-19214-2_9Brovelli, M. A., Minghini, M., Giori, G., & Beretta, M. (2012). Web Geoservices and Ancient Cadastral Maps: The Web C.A.R.T.E. Project. Transactions in GIS, 16(2), 125-142. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01311.xBitelli, G., Cremonini, S., & Gatta, G. (2014). Cartographic heritage: Toward unconventional methods for quantitative analysis of pre-geodetic maps. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 15(2), 183-195. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2013.04.003Cardesín Díaz, J. M., & Araujo, J. M. (2016). Historic Urbanization Process in Spain (1746–2013). Journal of Urban History, 43(1), 33-52. doi:10.1177/0096144215583481Villar-Cano, M., Marqués-Mateu, Á., & Jiménez-Martínez, M. J. (2019). Triangulation network of 1929–1944 of the first 1:500 urban map of València. Survey Review, 52(373), 317-329. doi:10.1080/00396265.2018.1564599Chen, W., & Hill, C. (2005). Evaluation Procedure for Coordinate Transformation. Journal of Surveying Engineering, 131(2), 43-49. doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9453(2005)131:2(43)ISO 19157:2013: Geographic Information—Data Qualityhttps://www.iso.org/standard/32575.htmlASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Datahttps://www.asprs.org/news-resources/asprs-positional-accuracy-standards-for-digital-geospatial-dataEven-Tzur, G. (2018). Coordinate transformation with variable number of parameters. Survey Review, 52(370), 62-68. doi:10.1080/00396265.2018.1517477Yuanxi, Y., & Tianhe, X. (2002). Combined method of datum transformation between different coordinate systems. Geo-spatial Information Science, 5(4), 5-9. doi:10.1007/bf02826467Lehmann, R. (2014). Transformation model selection by multiple hypotheses testing. Journal of Geodesy, 88(12), 1117-1130. doi:10.1007/s00190-014-0747-

Estudio de los repositorios y plataformas de patrimonio digital en 3D

[EN] Despite the increasing number of three-dimensional (3D) model portals and online repositories catering for digital heritage scholars, students and interested members of the general public, there are very few recent academic publications that offer a critical analysis when reviewing the relative potential of these portals and online repositories. Solid reviews of the features and functions they offer are insufficient; there is also a lack of explanations as to how these assets and their related functionality can further the digital heritage (and virtual heritage) field, and help in the preservation, maintenance, and promotion of real-world 3D heritage sites and assets. What features do they offer? How could their feature list better cater for the needs of the GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives and museums) sector? This article’s priority is to examine the useful features of 8 institutional and 11 commercial repositories designed specifically to host 3D digital models. The available features of their associated 3D viewers, where applicable, are also analysed, connecting recommendations for future-proofing with the need to address current gaps and weaknesses in the scholarly field of 3D digital heritage. Many projects do not address the requirements stipulated by charters, such as access, reusability, and preservation. The lack of preservation strategies and examples highlights the oxymoronic nature of virtual heritage (oxymoronic in the sense that the virtual heritage projects themselves are seldom preserved). To study these concerns, six criteria for gauging the usefulness of the 3D repositories to host 3D digital models and related digital assets are suggested. The authors also provide 13 features that would be useful additions for their 3D viewers.[ES] A pesar del creciente número de portales de modelos tridimensionales (3D) y repositorios en línea que atienden a los estudiosos del patrimonio digital, a los estudiantes y al público en general, hay muy pocas publicaciones académicas recientes que analizan de forma crítica el potencial relativo de esos portales y repositorios en línea. Tampoco hay suficientes revisiones críticas de las características y funciones que ofrecen, ni muchas explicaciones sobre la forma en que estos activos y su funcionalidad pueden impulsar en el campo del patrimonio digital (y el patrimonio virtual), y ayudar a preservar, mantener y promocionar los sitios y activos del patrimonio 3D del mundo real. ¿Qué características ofrecen? ¿Cómo podría su lista de características satisfacer mejor las necesidades del sector GLAM (galerías, bibliotecas, archivos y museos)? La prioridad de este artículo es examinar las características útiles de 8 depósitos institucionales y 11 comerciales diseñados específicamente para albergar modelos digitales en 3D. También son examinadas las características disponibles de su visores 3D asociados, cuando sea aplicable, y ello conecta con lo recomendado sobre las necesidades futuras y mejoradas para abordar las lagunas y debilidades en el campo académico del patrimonio digital 3D. Muchos proyectos no estudian los requisitos estipulados en las cartas, como son los factores de acceso, la reutilización y la preservación. La escasez de estrategias y ejemplos de preservación pone de relieve el carácter oximorónico del patrimonio virtual (oximorónico en el sentido de que los propios proyectos de patrimonio virtual se preservan con muy poca frecuencia). Para hacer frente a estas preocupaciones, se sugieren seis criterios para calibrar la utilidad de los repositorios 3D para albergar modelos digitales 3D y activos digitales relacionados. Los autores también proporcionan 13 características adicionales que serían útiles en los visores 3D.Champion, E.; Rahaman, H. (2020). Survey of 3D digital heritage repositories and platforms. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(23):1-15. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.13226OJS1151123Aalbersberg, I. J., Cos Alvarez, P., Jomier, J., Marion, C., & Zudilova-Seinstra, E. (2014). Bringing 3D visualization into the online research article. Information Services & Use, 34(1-2), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.3233/ISU-140721Addison, A. C. (2000). Emerging trends in virtual heritage. IEEE Multimedia, 7(2), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1109/93.848421Alliez, P., Bergerot, L., Bernard, J.-F., Boust, C., Bruseker, G., Carboni, N., Chayani, M., Dellepiane, M., Dell'unto, N., & Dutailly, B. (2017). Digital 3D objects in art and humanities: Challenges of creation, interoperability and preservation. In White paper: A result of the PARTHENOS Workshop held in Bordeaux at Maison des Sciences de l'Homme d'Aquitaine and at Archeovision Lab. (France) (pp. 71). France.Beacham, R., Hugh, D., & Niccolucci, F. (2009). The London Charter. In For computer-based visualization of cultural heritage (Vol. Draft 2.1).Bernard, Y., Barreau, J.-B., Bizien-Jaglin, C., Quesnel, L., Langouët, L., & Daire, M.-Y. (2017). 3D model as a dynamic compilation of knowledge: Interim results on the city of Alet. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(16). https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.5862Boutsi, A.-M., Ioannidis, C., & Soile, S. (2019). An integrated approach to 3D web visualization of cultural heritage heterogeneous datasets. Remote Sensing, 11(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212508Calin, M., Damian, G., Popescu, T., Manea, R., Erghelegiu, B., & Salagean, T. (2015). 3D modeling for digital preservation of Romanian heritage monuments. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 6, 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.08.111Champion, E. (2018). The role of 3D models in virtual heritage intrastructures. In A. Benardou, E. Champion, C. Dallas, & L. M. Hughes (Eds.), Cultural Heritage Infrastructures in Digital Humanities (pp. 172). Abingdon, Oxon New York: NY Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315575278Champion, E. (2019). From historical models to virtual heritage simulations. In P. Kuroczyński, M. Pfarr-Harfst, & S. Münster (Eds.), Der Modelle Tugend 2.0 Digitale 3d-Rekonstruktion Als Virtueller Raum Der Architekturhistorischen Forschung Computing in Art and Architecture (Vol. 2, pp. 338-351). Heidelberg, Germany: arthistoricum.net. https://doi.org/10.11588/arthistoricum.515Champion, E., & Rahaman, H. (2019). 3D digital heritage models as sustainable scholarly resources. Sustainability, 11(8), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082425Clarke, M. (2015). The digital dilemma: preservation and the digital archaeological record. Advances in Archaeological Practice, 3(4), 313-330. https://doi.org/10.7183/2326-3768.3.4.313Cots, I., Vilà, J., Diloli, J., Ferré, R., & Bricio, L. (2018). La arqueología virtual: de la excavación arqueológica a la gestión y socialización del patrimonio. Les cases de la Catedral (Tortosa) y el yacimiento protohistórico de La Cella(Salou), Tarragona. Virtual Archaeology Review, 9(19). https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2018.9754Di Giuseppantonio Di Franco, P. , Galeazzi, F., & Vassallo, V. (Eds.). (2018). Authenticity and cultural heritage in the age of 3D digital reproductions. Cambridge, UK: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. http://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.27029Doyle, J., Viktor, H., & Paquet, E. (2009). Long-term digital preservation: preserving authenticity and usability of 3-D data. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 10(1), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-009-0051-7Flynn, T. (2019). What happens when you share 3D models online (In 3D)? In J. Grayburn, Z. Lischer-Katz, K. Golubiewski-Davis, & V. Ikeshoji-Orlati (Eds.), 3D/VR in the Academic Library: Emerging Practices and Trends (pp. 73-86). Arlington, USA: Council on Library and Information Resources.Galeazzi, F., Baker, F., Champion, E., Gartski, K., Jeffrey, S., & Kuzminsky, S. (2018). Commentary on 3-D virtual replicas and simulations of the past : "real" or "fake" representations? Current Anthropology, 59(3), 268-286. http://doi.org/10.1086/697489Galeazzi, F., & Franco, P. D. G. D. (2017). Theorising 3D visualisation systems in archaeology: Towards more effective design, evaluations and life cycles. Internet Archaeology(44). http://doi.org/10.11141/ia.44.5Greenop, K., & Barton, J. (2014). Scan, save, and archive: how to protect our digital cultural heritage. The Conversation, 1. https://theconversation.com/scan-save-and-archive-how-to-protect-our-digital-cultural-heritage-22160.Guidazzoli, A., Liguori, M. C., Chiavarini, B., Verri, L., Imboden, S., De Luca, D., & Ponti, F. D. (2017, 31 Oct-4 Nov). From 3D Web to VR historical scenarios: A cross-media digital heritage application for audience development. In 2017 23rd International Conference on Virtual System & Multimedia (VSMM), (pp. 1-8) Dublin, Ireland. https://doi.org/10.1109/VSMM.2017.8346273Huk, T. (2006). Who benefits from learning with 3D models? the case of spatial ability. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 22(6), 392-404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2729.2006.00180.xIoannides, M., & Quak, E. (Eds.). (2014). 3D research challenges in cultural heritage : A roadmap in digital heritage preservation. NewYork, Dordrecht, London: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44630-0Khronos, G. (2009). OpenGL ES for the web. WebGL Overview. Retrieved 4 March, 2020, from https://www.khronos.org/webgl/Kiourt, C., Koutsoudis, A., Markantonatou, S., & Pavlidis, G. (2016). The 'synthesis' virtual museum. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, 16(5), 1-9. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.204961Koller, D., Frischer, B., & Humphreys, G. (2009). Research challenges for digital archives of 3D cultural heritage models. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, 2(3), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1145/1658346.1658347Koutsabasis, P. (2017). Empirical evaluations of interactive systems in cultural heritage: A review. International Journal of Computational Methods in Heritage Science, 1(1), 100-122. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCMHS.2017010107Kuroczynski, P. (2017). Virtual research environment for digital 3D reconstructions : Standards, thresholds and prospects. Studies in Digital Heritage, 1(2), 456-476. https://doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23330Lloyd, J. (2016). Contextualizing 3D cultural heritage. In M. Ioannides, E. Fink, R. Brumana, P. Patias, A. Doulamis, J. Martins, & M. Wallace (Eds.), Digital Heritage. Progress in Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Preservation, and Protection (Vol. 1, pp. 859-868). Nicosia, Cyprus: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48496-9_69Maiwald, F., Bruschke, J., Lehmann, C., & Niebling, F. (2019). A 4D information system for the exploration of multitemporal images and maps using photogrammetry, web technologies and VR/AR. Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(21). https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.11867McHenry, K., & Bajcsy, P. (2008). An overview of 3d data content, file formats and viewers. Retrieved from Urbana, IL: https://www.archives.gov/files/applied-research/ncsa/8-an-overview-of-3d-data-content-file-formats-and-viewers.pdf.Muñoz Morcillo, J., Schaaf, F., Schneider, R. H., & Robertson-von Trotha, C. Y. (2017). Authenticity through VR-based documentation of cultural heritage. A theoretical approach based on conservation and documentation practices. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(16). https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.5932Munster, S. (2018, 26-29 June). Digital 3D modelling in the humanities. In Digital Heritage 2018, (pp. 627-629) Mexico.Münster, S., Pfarr-Harfst, M., Kuroczyński, P., & Ioannides, M. (Eds.). (2016). 3D research challenges in cultural heritage II : How to manage data and knowledge related to interpretative digital 3D reconstructions of cultural heritage. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47647-6Newe, A., Brandner, J., Aichinger, W., & Becker, L. (2018). An open source tool for creating model files for virtual volume rendering in PDF documents. In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2018, (pp. 133-138) Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56537-7_97Niven, K., & Richards, J. D. (2017). The storage and long-term preservation of 3D data. In D. Errickson & T. Thompson (Eds.), Human Remains: Another Dimension (pp. 175-184): Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804602-9.00013-8Pauwels, P., Verstraeten, R., De Meyer, R., & Van Campenhout, J. (2008). Architectural Information Modelling for Virtual Heritage Application. In Digital Heritage-Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia, (pp. 18-23).Pavlidis, G., Koutsoudis, A., Arnaoutoglou, F., Tsioukas, V., & Chamzas, C. (2007). Methods for 3D digitization of cultural heritage. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 8(1), 93-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.007Pletinckx, D., & Nolle, D. (2015). 3D-ICONS: D5.1-Report on 3D publication formats suitable for Europeana. Retrieved from https://zenodo.org/record/1311590#.Xt34Zy97G50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1311589Potenziani, M., Callieri, M., Dellepiane, M., Corsini, M., Ponchio, F., & Scopigno, R. (2015). 3DHOP: 3D heritage online presenter. Computers & Graphics, 52, 129-141. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2015.07.001Rabinowitz, A., Esteva, M., & Trelogan, J. (2013, 26-28 September). Ensuring a future for the past. In Proceedings of The Memory of the World in the Digital Age: Digitization and Preservation, (pp. 940-954) Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Rahaman, H., & Champion, E. (2019, 15-18 April). The scholarly rewards and tragic irony of 3D models in virtual heritage discourse. In 24th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2019), (pp. 695-704) Wellington, New Zealand.Roussou, M. (2002, 24-25 November). Virtual heritage : From the research lab to the broad public. In VAST Euroconference, (pp. 93-100) Arezzo, Italy.Scopigno, R., Callieri, M., Dellepiane, M., Ponchio, F., & Potenziani, M. (2017). Delivering and using 3D models on the web: are we ready? Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(17), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.6405Snyder, L. M. (2014). VSim : Scholarly annotations in real-time 3D environments. Paper presented at the DH-CASE II: Collaborative Annotations on Shared Environments: metadata, tools and techniques in the Digital Humanities - DH-CASE '14, (pp. 1-8.) Fort Collins, CA, USA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2657480.2657483Statham, N. (2019). Scientific rigour of online platforms for 3D visualisation of heritage. Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(20), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.9715Sullivan, E. (2016). Potential pasts: Taking a humanistic approach to computer visualization of ancient landscapes. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, 59(2), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2016.12039.xSullivan, E., Nieves, A. D., & Snyder, L. M. (2017). Making the model: Scholarship and rhetoric in 3-D historical reconstructions. In J. Sayers (Ed.), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries : Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. https://doi.org/10.5749/j.ctt1pwt6wq.38Sullivan, E. A., & Snyder, L. M. (2017). Digital Karnak. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 76(4), 464-482. https://doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2017.76.4.464Thwaites, H. (2013). Digital heritage : What happens when we digitize everything? In E. Ch'ng, V. Gaffney, & H. Chapman (Eds.), Visual heritage in the digital age (pp. 327-348). London, UK: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5535-5Tsiafaki, D., & Michailidou, N. (2015). Benefits and problems through the application of 3D technologies in archaeology: Recording, visualisation, representation and reconstruction. Scientific Culture, 1(3), 37-45. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18448Tucci, G., Bonora, V., Conti, A., & Fiorini, L. (2017). High-quality 3d models and their use in a cultural heritage conservation project. 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Mother's Perspective About Using the Gadget Safeness for Children

The rapid development of technology makes it easier for mothers to provide stimulation related to growth and development using gadgets. However, parental knowledge is needed about the safe limits of using a gadget in early childhood. This study aims to determine the perspective and behavior of mothers about the use of gadgets in toddlers. The method used is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The participants of this study were thirty-one mothers who have early childhood and who are empowering family welfare. The inclusion criteria were mothers who agreed to be respondents, the exclusion criteria for mothers who did not have gadgets. This study uses a questionnaire measurement instrument for data collection. Data analysis was performed univariate and bivariate using the chi-square test. The results of the study concluded that the mother's knowledge regarding the safety of using a gadget was still lacking, with a value of around 54.8%, while the mother's behavior related to the same thing was better, which was around 58.1%. The relationship test shows that there is a strong enough relationship between maternal knowledge and maternal behavior in introducing or using gadgets in toddlers.  Keywords: Early Childhood, Mother Perspective, Gadget Safeness  References Appel, M. (2012). Are heavy users of computer games and social media more computer literate? Computers and Education, 59(4), 1339–1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.06.004 Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice-Hall. Cingel, D. P., & Krcmar, M. (2013). Predicting Media Use in Very Young Children: The Role of Demographics and Parent Attitudes. Communication Studies, 64(4), 374–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2013.770408 Connell, S. L., Lauricella, A. R., & Wartella, E. (2015). Parental Co-Use of Media Technology with their Young Children in the USA. Journal OfChildren and Media, 9(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2015.997440 Haines, J., O’Brien, A., McDonald, J., Goldman, R. E., Evans-Schmidt, M., Price, S., King, S., Sherry, B., & Taveras, E. M. (2013). Television Viewing and Televisions in Bedrooms: Perceptions of Racial/Ethnic Minority Parents of Young Children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(6), 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9629-6 Jones, I., & Park, Y. (2015). Virtual worlds: Young children using the internet. Young children and families in the information age. Educating the young child (Advances in theory and research, implications for practice) (I. K. Heider & J. M. Renck (eds.); Volume 10). Springer. Lauricella, A. R., Wartella, E., & Rideout, V. J. (2015). Young children’s screen time: The complex role of parent and child factors. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 36, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2014.12.001 Livingstone, S, Görzig, A., & Ólafsson, K. (2011). Disadvantaged children and online risk. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/39385/ Livingstone, Sonia, Mascheroni, G., Dreier, M., Chaudron, S., & Lagae, K. (2015). How parents of young children manage digital devices at home: The role of income, education and parental style (Issue September). Livingstone, Sonia, Ólafsson, K., Helsper, E. J., Lupiáñez-Villanueva, F., Veltri, G. A., & Folkvord, F. (2017). Maximizing Opportunities and Minimizing Risks for Children Online: The Role of Digital Skills in Emerging Strategies of Parental Mediation. Journal of Communication, 67(1), 82–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12277 M, S. (2017). The Impact of using Gadgets on Children. Journal of Depression and Anxiety, 07(01), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1044.1000296 Marsh, J., Hannon, P., Lewis, M., & Ritchie, L. (2017). Young children’s initiation into family literacy practices in the digital age. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 15(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X15582095 Mifsud, C. L., & Petrova, R. (2017). Young Children (0-8) and Digital Technology. In JRC Science and Policies Reports. Nevski, E., & Siibak, A. (2016). The role of parents and parental mediation on 0–3-year olds’ digital play with smart devices: Estonian parents’ attitudes and practices. Early Years, 36(3), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2016.1161601 Nikken, P. (2017). Implications of low or high media use among parents for young children’s media use. Cyberpsychology, 11(3 Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2017-3-1 Nikken, P., & de Haan, J. (2015). Guiding young children’s internet use at home: Problems that parents experience in their parental mediation and the need for parenting support. Cyberpsychology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2015-1-3 Piotrowski, J. (2017). Media exposure during infancy and early childhood: The effect of content and context on learning and development. In I. R. Barr & D. Linebarger (Eds.), The parental media mediation context of young children’s media use.(pp. 205–219). Springer International Publishing. Plowman, L., Stevenson, O., Stephen, C., & McPake, J. (2012). Preschool children’s learning with technology at home. Computers and Education, 59(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.11.014 Rasmussen, E. E., Shafer, A., Colwell, M. J., White, S., Punyanunt-Carter, N., Densley, R. L., & Wright, H. (2016). Relation between active mediation, exposure to Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood, and US preschoolers’ social and emotional development. Journal of Children and Media, 10(4), 443–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2016.1203806 Smahelova, M., Juhová, D., Cermak, I., & Smahel, D. (2017). Mediation of young children’s digital technology use: The parents’ perspective. Cyberpsychology, 11(3 Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2017-3-4 Troseth, G. L., Strouse, G. A., & Russo Johnson, C. E. (2017). Early Digital Literacy: Learning to Watch, Watching to Learn. In Cognitive Development in Digital Contexts. Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809481-5.00002-X Vaala, S. E. (2014). The Nature and Predictive Value of Mothers’ Beliefs Regarding Infants’ and Toddlers’ TV/Video Viewing: Applying the Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction. Media Psychology, 17(3), 282–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2013.872995 Zaman, B., & Mifsud, C. L. (2017). Editorial: Young children’s use of digital media and parental mediation. Cyberpsychology, 11(3 Special Issue), 9. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2017-3-x

Resolving the productivity paradox of digitalised production

[EN] Although Industry 4.0 and other initiatives predict widespread adoption of digitalised technology on the factory floor, few companies use new digitalised production technology holistically in their ecosystems; in practical implementation, companies often decide against digitalisation for financial reasons. This is due to a paradox (akin to the so called “productivity paradox”) caused by the complexity of value creation and value delivery within digitalised production. This article analyses and synthesises cross-disciplinary research using a grounded theory model, thus offering valuable insights for businesses considering investing in digitalised production. A qualitative model and an associated toolbox (complete with tools for practical application by business leaders and decision-makers) are presented to address organisational uncertainty and leadership disconnect that often contribute to the paradoxical gap between digital strategy and operational implementation.Dold, L.; Speck, C. (2021). Resolving the productivity paradox of digitalised production. International Journal of Production Management and Engineering. 9(2):65-80. https://doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2021.15058OJS658092Al-Debei, Mutaz M.; Avison, David (2010): Developing a unified framework of the business model concept. In Euro-pean Journal of Information Systems 19 (3), pp. 359-376. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2010.21Andulkar, Mayur; Le, Duc Tho; Berger, Ulrich (2018): A multi-case study on Industry 4.0 for SME's in Brandenburg, Germany. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 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St. Gallen, March 2017.Bouwman, Harry; Nikou, Shahrokh; Molina-Castillo, Francisco J.; Reuver, Mark de (2018): The impact of digitaliza-tion on business models. In Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 20 (2), pp. 105-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-07-2017-0039Buchholz, Birgit; Ferdinand, Jan-Peter; Gieschen, Jan-Hinrich; Seidel, Uwe (2017): Digitalisierung industrieller Wertschöpfung. Eine Studie im Rahmen der Begleitforschung zum Technologieprogramm AUTONOMIK für In-dustrie 4.0 des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie. Berlin: iit-Institut für Innovation und Technik der VDI/VDE Innovation + Technik GmbH.Burggräf, Peter; Dannapfel, Matthias; Voet, Hanno; Bök, Patrick-Benjamin; Uelpenich, Jérôme; Hoppe, Julian (2017): Digital Transformation of Lean Production. Systematic Approach for the Determination of Digitally Pervasive Val-ue Chains. In World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering 11 (10), 2462-2471.Burmeister, Christian; Luettgens, Dirk; Piller, Frank T. (2016): Business Model Innovation for Industrie 4.0. Why the 'Industrial Internet' Mandates a New Perspective. In Die Unternehmensführung ; RWTH-TIM Working Paper 70 (2), pp. 124-152. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2571033Cañas, Héctor; Mula, Josefa; Díaz-Madroñero, Manuel; Campuzano-Bolarín, Francisco (2021): Implementing Industry 4.0 principles. In Computers & Industrial Engineering 158 (1), p. 107379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2021.107379Charmaz, Kathy (2014): Constructing grounded theory. 2nd edition. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC: SAGE.Chesbrough, Henry (2010): Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers. Opportunities and Barriers. 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Transversal Competences in Engineering Degrees: Integrating Content and Foreign Language Teaching

[EN] There has been a constant advance of the labour markets and permanent reorientation towards digital Industry 4.0. Yet, the environments for learning remain unchallenged when it comes to the provision of new professionals across the globe. Therefore, this has created a gap in transversal competences, which has compelled students of higher learning institutions to pursue them. The majority of higher learning institutions have emphasised transversal skills among learners and developed curriculums to accomplish these demands. The primary focus of the study was to attain integration and fusion of transversal skills into the development of specialised curriculum training for foreign language proficiency. The study applied mixed methodology techniques, which combined qualitative and quantitative methods in the study. To guarantee cohesion of the study, four research and monitoring techniques such as course dossiers, needs analysis, task-based activities and adapted competences scales were used. The outcome of the research shows findings provided by the piloting stage of the teaching experience and emphasises the need for student-based skill training.The described experience was carried out as part of the work in the Innovation and Quality Education Teaching (EICE DESMAHIA) Development of active methodologies and evaluation strategies applied to the field of Hydraulic Engineering at the Universitat Politècnica de València.Polyakova, O.; Galstyan-Sargsyan, R.; López Jiménez, PA.; Pérez-Sánchez, M. (2020). Transversal Competences in Engineering Degrees: Integrating Content and Foreign Language Teaching. Education Sciences. 10(11):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10110296S1131011Laguna-Sánchez, P., Abad, P., de la Fuente-Cabrero, C., & Calero, R. (2020). A University Training Programme for Acquiring Entrepreneurial and Transversal Employability Skills, a Students’ Assessment. Sustainability, 12(3), 796. doi:10.3390/su12030796Moldovan, L. (2020). A Reference Framework for Continuous Improvement of Employability Assessment. Procedia Manufacturing, 46, 271-278. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.03.040Succi, C., & Canovi, M. (2019). Soft skills to enhance graduate employability: comparing students and employers’ perceptions. Studies in Higher Education, 45(9), 1834-1847. doi:10.1080/03075079.2019.1585420Competency Framework. OECDhttps://www.oecd.org/careers/competency_framework_en.pdfSerrano, R. M., Romero, J. A., Bello, M. J., & Pérez, J. D. (2011). Student Training in Transversal Competences at the University of Cordoba. European Educational Research Journal, 10(1), 34-52. doi:10.2304/eerj.2011.10.1.34Graczyk-Kucharska, M., Özmen, A., Szafrański, M., Weber, G. W., Golińśki, M., & Spychała, M. (2019). Knowledge accelerator by transversal competences and multivariate adaptive regression splines. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 28(2), 645-669. doi:10.1007/s10100-019-00636-xHortigüela Alcalá, D., Palacios Picos, A., & López Pastor, V. (2018). The impact of formative and shared or co-assessment on the acquisition of transversal competences in higher education. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 44(6), 933-945. doi:10.1080/02602938.2018.1530341Vasconcelos, S., & Balula, A. (2019). DO YOU SPEAK DIGITAL? – A LITERATURE REVIEW ON LANGUAGE AND DIGITAL COMPETENCES IN TOURISM EDUCATION. doi:10.20867/tosee.05.32Villardón-Gallego, L., Flores-Moncada, L., Yáñez-Marquina, L., & García-Montero, R. (2020). Best Practices in the Development of Transversal Competences among Youths in Vulnerable Situations. Education Sciences, 10(9), 230. doi:10.3390/educsci10090230Sá, M., & Serpa, S. (2018). Transversal Competences: Their Importance and Learning Processes by Higher Education Students. Education Sciences, 8(3), 126. doi:10.3390/educsci8030126Cepic, R., Vorkapic, S. T., Loncaric, D., Andic, D., & Mihic, S. S. (2015). Considering Transversal Competences, Personality and Reputation in the Context of the Teachers’ Professional Development. International Education Studies, 8(2). doi:10.5539/ies.v8n2p8Developing key competences at school in Europe: Challenges and Opportunities for Policy; Eurydice Report 2012/11https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/developing-key-competences-school-europe-challenges-and-opportunities-policy_enCommon European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, and Assessment. Companion Volume with New Descriptors. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishinghttps://rm.coe.int/cefr-companion-volume-with-new-descriptors-2018/168078798Zamora-Polo, F., Martínez Sánchez-Cortés, M., Reyes-Rodríguez, A. M., & García Sanz-Calcedo, J. (2019). Developing Project Managers’ Transversal Competences Using Building Information Modeling. Applied Sciences, 9(19), 4006. doi:10.3390/app9194006Smit, U., & Dafouz, E. (2012). Integrating content and language in higher education. Integrating Content and Language in Higher Education, 25, 1-12. doi:10.1075/aila.25.01sm

Fully automatic smartphone-based photogrammetric 3D modelling of infant¿s heads for cranial deformation analysis

[EN] Image-based and range-based solutions can be used for the acquisition of valuable data in medicine. However, most of these methods are not valid for non-static patients. Cranial deformation is a problem with high prevalence among infants and image-based solutions can be used to assess the degree of deformation and monitor the evolution of patients. However, it is required to deal with infants normal movement during the assessment in order to avoid sedation. Some high-end multiple-sensor image-based solutions allow the achievement of accurate 3D data for medical applications under unpredicted dynamic conditions in consultation. In this paper, a novel, single photogrammetric smartphone-based solution for cranial deformation assessment is presented. A coded cap is placed on the infant's head and a guided smartphone app is used by the user to acquire the information, that is later processed on a server to obtain the 3D model. The smartphone app is designed to guide users with no knowledge of photogrammetry, computer vision or 3D modelling. The processing is fully automatic offline. The photogrammetric tool is also non-invasive, reacting well with quick and sudden infant's movements. Therefore, it does not require sedation. This paper tackles the accuracy and repeatability analysis tested both for a single user (intrauser) and multiple non-expert user (interuser) on 3D printed head models. The results allow us to confirm an accuracy below 1.5 mm, which makes the system suitable for clinical practice by medical staff. The basic automatically-derived anthropometric linear magnitudes are also tested obtaining a mean variability of 0.6 +/- 0.6 mm for the longitudinal and transversal distances and 1.4 +/- 1.3 mm for the maximum perimeter.This project is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), project number PI18/00881, and by Generalitat Valenciana, grant number ACIF/2017/056.Barbero-García, I.; Lerma, JL.; Mora Navarro, JG. (2020). Fully automatic smartphone-based photogrammetric 3D modelling of infant¿s heads for cranial deformation analysis. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 166:268-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.06.013S268277166Aldridge, K., Boyadjiev, S. A., Capone, G. T., DeLeon, V. B., & Richtsmeier, J. T. (2005). Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3dMD photogrammetric images. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 138A(3), 247-253. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.30959Argenta, L. 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