A DWT based perceptual video coding framework: concepts, issues and techniques

The work in this thesis explore the DWT based video coding by the introduction of a novel DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) / MC (Motion Compensation) / DPCM (Differential Pulse Code Modulation) video coding framework, which adopts the EBCOT as the coding engine for both the intra- and the inter-frame coder. The adaptive switching mechanism between the frame/field coding modes is investigated for this coding framework. The Low-Band-Shift (LBS) is employed for the MC in the DWT domain. The LBS based MC is proven to provide consistent improvement on the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the coded video over the simple Wavelet Tree (WT) based MC. The Adaptive Arithmetic Coding (AAC) is adopted to code the motion information. The context set of the Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (ABAC) for the inter-frame data is redesigned based on the statistical analysis. To further improve the perceived picture quality, a Perceptual Distortion Measure (PDM) based on human vision model is used for the EBCOT of the intra-frame coder. A visibility assessment of the quantization error of various subbands in the DWT domain is performed through subjective tests. In summary, all these findings have solved the issues originated from the proposed perceptual video coding framework. They include: a working DWT/MC/DPCM video coding framework with superior coding efficiency on sequences with translational or head-shoulder motion; an adaptive switching mechanism between frame and field coding mode; an effective LBS based MC scheme in the DWT domain; a methodology of the context design for entropy coding of the inter-frame data; a PDM which replaces the MSE inside the EBCOT coding engine for the intra-frame coder, which provides improvement on the perceived quality of intra-frames; a visibility assessment to the quantization errors in the DWT domain

Procedimentos para metodo hibrido de compressão de imagens digitais utilizando transformadas Wavelet e codificação fractal

Orientador: Yuzo IanoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: O principal obstáculo nas implementações da compressão fractal de images é o exaustivo tempo de codificação inerente. O objetivo desta pesquisa é introduzir uma nova aproximação para acelerar a codificação fractal de imagens através da aplicação da TWD e suas propriedades, sem que haja detrimento do PSNR ou da qualidade visual subjetiva. Logo, este trabalho apresenta um novo Codificador Híbrido Fractal-Wavelet, que aplica a compressão fractal acelerada à imagens estáticas decompostas pela transformada wavelet, explorando a correlação direcional das subimagens-wavelet. Este tipo de correlação foi constatada por Shapiro em outro contexto [2]. O esquema proposto promove melhor qualidade visual (compatível com as medidas de PSNR) e uma redução média de cerca de 80% no tempo de codificação-decodificação quando comparado aos resultados da codificação fractal pura para diversas imagens e taxas de bits. Adicionalmente os detalhes da imagem e as características de transmissão progressiva wavelet foram preservados. Nenhum artefato de blocagem, usualmente encontrados em codificadores fractais puros, resultou do processo de compressão híbrido. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstram o potencial da compressão híbrida fractal-wavelet como sendo uma ferramenta poderosa ainda a ser exploradaAbstract: The major drawback in the implementations of the fractal image compression is the exhaustive inherent encoding time. The objective of this research is to introduce a new approach to accelerate the fractal image coding through the application of the DWT and its properties without decrease in the PSNR as well as in the subjective visual quality. Thus, this work presents a New Fast Hybrid Fractal-Wavelet Image Coder that applies the accelerated fractal compression to wavelet transformed images by exploiting the directional correlation of the wavelet subimages. This kind of correlation was noticed by Shapiro in a different context [2]. The proposed scheme promotes better visual quality (compatible to the PSNR measures) and an average reduction of about 80% in encoding-decoding time when compared to the results of the pure accelerated fractal coding for several images and bitrates. Furthermore, the image details and the characteristics of wavelet progressive transmission are maintained; blocking effects, usually found in pure fractal coders, are not introduced. The results of this work demonstrate the potential of the fractal-wavelet hybrid compression as a powerful tool to be further explored.DoutoradoTelecomunicações e TelemáticaDoutor em Engenharia Elétric