5,160 research outputs found
Accurate macroscale modelling of spatial dynamics in multiple dimensions
Developments in dynamical systems theory provides new support for the
macroscale modelling of pdes and other microscale systems such as Lattice
Boltzmann, Monte Carlo or Molecular Dynamics simulators. By systematically
resolving subgrid microscale dynamics the dynamical systems approach constructs
accurate closures of macroscale discretisations of the microscale system. Here
we specifically explore reaction-diffusion problems in two spatial dimensions
as a prototype of generic systems in multiple dimensions. Our approach unifies
into one the modelling of systems by a type of finite elements, and the
`equation free' macroscale modelling of microscale simulators efficiently
executing only on small patches of the spatial domain. Centre manifold theory
ensures that a closed model exist on the macroscale grid, is emergent, and is
systematically approximated. Dividing space either into overlapping finite
elements or into spatially separated small patches, the specially crafted
inter-element/patch coupling also ensures that the constructed discretisations
are consistent with the microscale system/PDE to as high an order as desired.
Computer algebra handles the considerable algebraic details as seen in the
specific application to the Ginzburg--Landau PDE. However, higher order models
in multiple dimensions require a mixed numerical and algebraic approach that is
also developed. The modelling here may be straightforwardly adapted to a wide
class of reaction-diffusion PDEs and lattice equations in multiple space
dimensions. When applied to patches of microscopic simulations our coupling
conditions promise efficient macroscale simulation.Comment: some figures with 3D interaction when viewed in Acrobat Reader. arXiv
admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0904.085
On the Integrability, B\"Acklund Transformation and Symmetry Aspects of a Generalized Fisher Type Nonlinear Reaction-Diffusion Equation
The dynamics of nonlinear reaction-diffusion systems is dominated by the
onset of patterns and Fisher equation is considered to be a prototype of such
diffusive equations. Here we investigate the integrability properties of a
generalized Fisher equation in both (1+1) and (2+1) dimensions. A Painlev\'e
singularity structure analysis singles out a special case () as
integrable. More interestingly, a B\"acklund transformation is shown to give
rise to a linearizing transformation for the integrable case. A Lie symmetry
analysis again separates out the same case as the integrable one and
hence we report several physically interesting solutions via similarity
reductions. Thus we give a group theoretical interpretation for the system
under study. Explicit and numerical solutions for specific cases of
nonintegrable systems are also given. In particular, the system is found to
exhibit different types of travelling wave solutions and patterns, static
structures and localized structures. Besides the Lie symmetry analysis,
nonclassical and generalized conditional symmetry analysis are also carried
out.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Int. J. Bifur. Chaos (2004
Absorbing state phase transitions with a non-accessible vacuum
We analyze from the renormalization group perspective a universality class of
reaction-diffusion systems with absorbing states. It describes models where the
vacuum state is not accessible, as the set of reactions together
with creation processes of the form with . This class
includes the (exactly solvable in one-dimension) {\it reversible} model as a particular example, as well as many other {\it
non-reversible} reactions, proving that reversibility is not the main feature
of this class as previously thought. By using field theoretical techniques we
show that the critical point appears at zero creation-rate (in accordance with
exact results), and it is controlled by the well known pair-coagulation
renormalization group fixed point, with non-trivial exactly computable critical
exponents in any dimension. Finally, we report on Monte-Carlo simulations,
confirming all field theoretical predictions in one and two dimensions for
various reversible and non-reversible models.Comment: 6 pages. 3 Figures. Final version as published in J.Stat.Mec
Out of equilibrium dynamics of classical and quantum complex systems
Equilibrium is a rather ideal situation, the exception rather than the rule
in Nature. Whenever the external or internal parameters of a physical system
are varied its subsequent relaxation to equilibrium may be either impossible or
take very long times. From the point of view of fundamental physics no generic
principle such as the ones of thermodynamics allows us to fully understand
their behaviour. The alternative is to treat each case separately. It is
illusionary to attempt to give, at least at this stage, a complete description
of all non-equilibrium situations. Still, one can try to identify and
characterise some concrete but still general features of a class of out of
equilibrium problems - yet to be identified - and search for a unified
description of these. In this report I briefly describe the behaviour and
theory of a set of non-equilibrium systems and I try to highlight common
features and some general laws that have emerged in recent years.Comment: 36 pages, to be published in Compte Rendus de l'Academie de Sciences,
T. Giamarchi e
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