25,117 research outputs found
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A survey of handover algorithms in DVB-H
Digital Video Broadcasting for Handhelds (DVB-H) is a standard for
broadcasting IP Datacast (IPDC) services to mobile handheld terminals.
Based on the DVB-T standard, DVB-H adds new features such as time
slicing, MPE-FEC, in-depth interleavers, mandatory cell id identifier,
optional 4K-modulation mode and the use of 5 MHz bandwidth in addition
to the usually used 6, 7, or 8 MHz raster. IPDC over DVB-H is proposed
for ETSI to complement the DVB-H standard by combining IPDC and
DVB-H in an end-to-end system. Handover in such unidirectional broadcasting
networks is a novel issue. In the last few years since the birth of
DVB-H technology, great attention has been given to the performance
analysis of DVB-H mobile terminals. Handover is one of the main research
topics for DVB-H in mobile scenarios. Better reception quality and greater
power efficiency are considered to be the main targets of handover
research for DVB-H. New algorithms for different handover stages in
DVB-H have been the subject of recent research and are currently being
studied. Further novel algorithms need to be designed to improve the
mobile reception quality. This article provides a comprehensive survey of
the handover algorithms in DVB-H. A systematic evaluation and categorization
approach is proposed based on the problems the algorithms solve
and the handover stages being focused on. Criteria are proposed and analyzed
to facilitate designing better handover algorithms for DVB-H that
have been identified from the research conducted by the author
Transport of video over partial order connections
A Partial Order and partial reliable Connection (POC) is an end-to-end transport connection authorized to deliver objects in an order that can differ from the transmitted one. Such a connection is also authorized to lose some objects. The POC concept is motivated by the fact that heterogeneous best-effort networks such as Internet are plagued by unordered delivery of packets and losses, which tax the performances of current applications and protocols. It has been shown, in several research works, that out of order delivery is able to alleviate (with respect to CO service) the use of end systems’ communication resources. In this paper, the efficiency of out-of-sequence delivery on MPEG video streams processing is studied. Firstly, the transport constraints (in terms of order and reliability) that can be relaxed by MPEG video decoders, for improving video transport, are detailed. Then, we analyze the performance gain induced by this approach in terms of blocking times and recovered errors. We demonstrate that POC connections fill not only the conceptual gap between TCP and UDP but also provide real performance improvements for the transport of multimedia streams such MPEG video
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Synchronization of Olfaction-enhanced multimedia
This paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out to explore, from an end user perspective, the temporal boundaries within which olfactory data can be used to enhance multimedia applications. Results show the presence of two main synchronization regions, and that olfaction ahead of audiovisual content is more tolerable than olfaction behind content
Beyond multimedia adaptation: Quality of experience-aware multi-sensorial media delivery
Multiple sensorial media (mulsemedia) combines multiple media elements which engage three or more of human senses, and as most other media content, requires support for delivery over the existing networks. This paper proposes an adaptive mulsemedia framework (ADAMS) for delivering scalable video and sensorial data to users. Unlike existing two-dimensional joint source-channel adaptation solutions for video streaming, the ADAMS framework includes three joint adaptation dimensions: video source, sensorial source, and network optimization. Using an MPEG-7 description scheme, ADAMS recommends the integration of multiple sensorial effects (i.e., haptic, olfaction, air motion, etc.) as metadata into multimedia streams. ADAMS design includes both coarse- and fine-grained adaptation modules on the server side: mulsemedia flow adaptation and packet priority scheduling. Feedback from subjective quality evaluation and network conditions is used to develop the two modules. Subjective evaluation investigated users' enjoyment levels when exposed to mulsemedia and multimedia sequences, respectively and to study users' preference levels of some sensorial effects in the context of mulsemedia sequences with video components at different quality levels. Results of the subjective study inform guidelines for an adaptive strategy that selects the optimal combination for video segments and sensorial data for a given bandwidth constraint and user requirement. User perceptual tests show how ADAMS outperforms existing multimedia delivery solutions in terms of both user perceived quality and user enjoyment during adaptive streaming of various mulsemedia content. In doing so, it highlights the case for tailored, adaptive mulsemedia delivery over traditional multimedia adaptive transport mechanisms
Towards a new generation of transport services adapted to multimedia application
Une connexion d'ordre et de fiabilité partiels (POC, partial order connection) est une connexion de transport autorisée à perdre certains objets mais également à les délivrer dans un ordre éventuellement différent de celui d'émission. L'approche POC établit un lien conceptuel entre les protocoles sans connexion au mieux et les protocoles fiables avec connexion. Le concept de POC est motivé par le fait que dans les réseaux hétérogènes sans connexion tels qu'Internet, les paquets transmis sont susceptibles de se perdre et d'arriver en désordre, entraînant alors une réduction des performances des protocoles usuels. De plus, on montre qu'un protocole associé au transport d'un flux multimédia permet une réduction très sensible de l'utilisation des ressources de communication et de mémorisation ainsi qu'une diminution du temps de transit moyen. Dans cet article, une extension temporelle de POC, nommée TPOC (POC temporisé), est introduite. Elle constitue un cadre conceptuel permettant la prise en compte des exigences de qualité de service des applications multimédias réparties. Une architecture offrant un service TPOC est également introduite et évaluée dans le cadre du transport de vidéo MPEG. Il est ainsi démontré que les connexions POC comblent, non seulement le fossé conceptuel entre les protocoles sans connexion et avec connexion, mais aussi qu'ils surpassent les performances des ces derniers lorsque des données multimédias (telles que la vidéo MPEG) sont transportées
Regularity and asynchrony when tapping to tactile, auditory and combined pulses
This research is carried out with the aim to develop assistive
technology that helps users following the beat in music, which is of
interest to cohchlear implant users. The envisioned technology would
use tactile feedback on each musical beat. However, this raises
fundamental questions about uni- and cross-modal perception which
are not addressed in similar context in the literature. The aim of this
study was i) to find out how well users are able to follow tactile
pulses. ii) To gain insights in the differences between auditory,
tactile and combined auditory-tactile feedback. A tapping experiment
was organized with 27 subjects. They were requested to tap along
with an auditory pulse, a tactile pulse and a combined auditory-tactile
pulse in three different tempi. An evaluation with respect to
regularity and asynchrony followed. Subjects were found to perform
significantly better in terms of reqularity and asynchrony for the
auditory and auditory/tactile condition with respect to the tactile only
condition. Mean negative asynchrony (MNA) for auditory and
combined (auditory and tactile) conditions were in the range of
previous studies. The MNA’s for the tactile conditions showed a
remarkable dependence on tempo. In the 90BPM condition a clear
anticipation (-20ms) was reported, for the 120BPM condition the
mean was around zero, the 150BPM condition showed a positive
MNA (a reaction vs anticipation). An effect that could be
encorporated into the design of an assistive technology
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