Design and evaluation of an ontology based information extraction system for radiological reports

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This paper describes an information extraction system that extracts and converts the available information in free text Turkish radiology reports into a structured information model using manually created extraction rules and domain ontology. The ontology provides flexibility in the design of extraction rules, and determines the information model for the extracted semantic information. Although our information extraction system mainly concentrates on abdominal radiology reports, the system can be used in another field of medicine by adapting its ontology and extraction rule set. We achieved very high precision and recall results during the evaluation of the developed system with unseen radiology reports. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

A Survey of Pre-trained Language Models for Processing Scientific Text

The number of Language Models (LMs) dedicated to processing scientific text is on the rise. Keeping pace with the rapid growth of scientific LMs (SciLMs) has become a daunting task for researchers. To date, no comprehensive surveys on SciLMs have been undertaken, leaving this issue unaddressed. Given the constant stream of new SciLMs, appraising the state-of-the-art and how they compare to each other remain largely unknown. This work fills that gap and provides a comprehensive review of SciLMs, including an extensive analysis of their effectiveness across different domains, tasks and datasets, and a discussion on the challenges that lie ahead.Comment: Resources are available at https://github.com/Alab-NII/Awesome-SciL

An overview of telemedicine in Turkey

This study focuses on telemedicine in Turkey by the use of the Internet, where the potential for telemedicine of Turkey, telemedicine initiatives conducted in Turkey until now are examined first. The types of applications that the Internet can support in consumer health, clinical care, financial and administrative transactions, public health, health professional education in Turkey are investigated next. Finally, a discussion on the technical, legal and bureaucratic obstacles for realizing telemedicine in Turkey over the Internet and suggestions on how to overcome these obstacles are presented. © 2013 Trade Science Inc.-INDIA

Design and evaluation of an ontology based information extraction system for radiological reports

This paper describes an information extraction system that extracts and converts the available information in free text Turkish radiology reports into a structured information model using manually created extraction rules and domain ontology. The ontology provides flexibility in the design of extraction rules, and determines the information model for the extracted semantic information. Although our information extraction system mainly concentrates on abdominal radiology reports, the system can be used in another field of medicine by adapting its ontology and extraction rule set. We achieved very high precision and recall results during the evaluation of the developed system with unseen radiology reports. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd

Beyond Images: An Integrative Multi-modal Approach to Chest X-Ray Report Generation

Image-to-text radiology report generation aims to automatically produce radiology reports that describe the findings in medical images. Most existing methods focus solely on the image data, disregarding the other patient information accessible to radiologists. In this paper, we present a novel multi-modal deep neural network framework for generating chest X-rays reports by integrating structured patient data, such as vital signs and symptoms, alongside unstructured clinical notes.We introduce a conditioned cross-multi-head attention module to fuse these heterogeneous data modalities, bridging the semantic gap between visual and textual data. Experiments demonstrate substantial improvements from using additional modalities compared to relying on images alone. Notably, our model achieves the highest reported performance on the ROUGE-L metric compared to relevant state-of-the-art models in the literature. Furthermore, we employed both human evaluation and clinical semantic similarity measurement alongside word-overlap metrics to improve the depth of quantitative analysis. A human evaluation, conducted by a board-certified radiologist, confirms the model's accuracy in identifying high-level findings, however, it also highlights that more improvement is needed to capture nuanced details and clinical context

A behaviour changing syringe : making invisible risk, visible to deter the reuse of syringes in a curative context

Medical devices are a core component of health systems, and thus required for achieving universal health coverage, and have been recognized as indispensable for health care provision in the World Health As-sembly resolution, on health technologies (WHA60.29) in 2007. These health technologies are required in screening, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care, but their safe use, rational selection, assessment, effective regulation and innovation remain a very complicated challenge in all set-tings, due to the enormous diversity, lack of availability, quality, safety, appropriateness and affordability, particularly in low-resource settings. Therefore, even if important awareness has been raised in the last few years, patients still lack access to priority medical devices and thus much work has to be done by health professionals, governments, academia and industry, among many others. Following the resolution of 2007, the priority medical devices report and the success of the First WHO Global Forum on Medical Devices in Thailand in 2010, WHO became highly committed to the important work related to medical devices. New WHO tools and publications were developed and disseminated to increase awareness in the field in ministries of health, industry and academia. Several workshops and continuous capacity building in various countries and regions led to a high demand from medical device stakeholders, for a second global forum that would follow-up and expand on the topics and recommenda-tions presented previously. Accordingly, in August 2013, WHO determined to convene a Second Global Forum on Medical Devices to take place in Geneva, Switzerland, on 22-24 November 2013. The objectives of the Forum were to: (i) define methods of increasing access to priority medical devices under the Universal Health Coverage initiative; (ii) share evidence on best practices in health technology assessment, management and regulation of medical devices; (iii) demonstrate the development and use of appropriate and innovative technologies that respond to global health priorities; and (iv) present the outcomes of the implementation of the World Health Assembly resolution on health technologies (WHA60.29) and the status of actions resulting from the First Global Forum on Medical Devices..

Design and implementation of a radiological image viewing tool

Ankara : Department of Computer Engineering and Information Science and Institute of Engineering and Science, Bilkent Univ., 1993.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 1993.Includes bibliographical references leaves 57-58Recent developments in Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) in clinical environment allow physicians and radiologists to access and assess radiographic images directly through imaging workstations. In this thesis, an imaging workstation called RADVIEW^ has been designed and implemented for using in a PACS environment in radiology departments of large hospitals. The main function of RADVIEVV is the archiving of and access to radiological images by maintaining user friendly interactive environment to radiologists. The system can provide rapid access to any or all radiological information associated with a patient.Keskin, GürhanM.S

Challenges resulting from simultaneous online education during the "Covid-19" pandemic: the case of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia

The spread of the new Corona virus has led to the closure of direct educational activities and the transition to distance learning. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effectiveness of distance learning in the shadow of the Coronavirus pandemic in Saudi Arabia. A qualitative study was conducted by distributing an electronic questionnaire to the college students to find out their opinions about distance learning. The statistical analysis program SPSS was used to obtain the results. The content analysis revealed the challenges that faced students at Karak University College, and the method of online learning was well received by them. All participants agreed that distance learning saves time and that its performance has improved due to increased time use. However, they indicated that they faced some challenges including methodology, content perception, technology, and behavioral challenges during the online courses and exams

Retrospective Analysis of a Breast Health Program on Routine Annual Mammography in Low-Income, Uninsured Women

Problem: Detection of breast cancer in women of low socioeconomic status, lacking health insurance, can be improved by increasing annual mammography rates, yet little is known about their screening behavior. Purpose: A retrospective subject-controlled study of an ongoing Breast Health Program, at a not-for-profit, non-government assisted, volunteer clinic, was undertaken to examine mammography usage and discovery variables. Design and Methods: English and Spanish speaking women 40 years old and over who viewed in a 7-minute breast health DVD and were offered free mammography were eligible for the study (N= 223). The Health Belief Model (HBM) (Becker, 1974) provided the study framework that utilized radiology billing records for mammography completion and a dual-language self-administered survey. Data retrieval was from March 2004 to July 2009, with DVD viewing beginning in December 2006. Recruitment occurred between July 2009 and September 2009. Results: Results revealed that 214 (96%) women had a mammography after viewing the DVD. Of the 120 subjects that had time to complete an annual mammography, 28 (23%) completed it in the 12th month, 48 (40%) completed it within 15 months, and 91 (75%) completed even if late. Only 37 subjects had time to complete a third mammography and of those only 8 completed a fourth. Significant findings found: (1) a greater proportion of women who received a reminder postcard participated in their annual mammography in the 12th month, Χ2(1) = 3.98, p = .046; (2) perceptions of breast cancer susceptibility scores were significantly lower (M = 6.89, SD = 3.18), in those who completed their annual mammography in the 12th month, t(118) = 2.03, p = .045; (3) a greater proportion of women who were knowledgeable about screening recommendations completed annual mammography, even if late, Χ2(1) = 4.736, p = .030 and; (4) Hispanic women completed at a significantly higher rate (n= 69; 81.2%) even if late, Χ2(2) = 6.450, p = .04. Implications: Longitudinal studies utilizing radiology billing records for mammography completion present real findings of mammography usage. This study\u27s findings enhance the understanding of low-income, working uninsured women and identify new variables not found in comparative research findings