3 research outputs found

    The Role of CDK8 in Metastatic Growth of Colon Cancer

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    Unresectable hepatic metastases of colon cancer poorly respond to existing therapies and are a major cause of colon cancer lethality. Transcription- regulating Mediator kinase CDK8, an early clinical stage drug target, is amplified or overexpressed in many colon cancers and CDK8 expression correlates with shorter patient survival. Here we show that CDK8 inhibition does not generally suppress proliferation of CDK8-overexpressing colon cancer cells but nevertheless CDK8 knockdown by shRNA or CDK8 kinase inhibition by a selective small-molecule drug candidate suppresses metastatic growth of mouse and human colon cancer cells in the liver. This effect is due at least in part to the inhibition of already established hepatic metastases, indicating therapeutic potential of CDK8 inhibitors in the metastatic setting. In contrast, CDK8 knockdown or inhibition has no significant effect on the growth of tumors implanted subcutaneously, intrasplenically or orthotopically in the cecum. Mechanistically, the site-specific effect of CDK8 on colon cancer growth in the liver is mediated through the downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor TIMP3 via the TGFβ/SMAD-driven expression of a TIMP3-targeting microRNA, miR-181b, along with the induction of MMP3 in murine or MMP9 in human colon cancer cells via Wnt/β-catenin-driven transcription. These findings reveal a new mechanism for negative regulation of gene expression by CDK8 and a site-specific role for CDK8 in colon cancer hepatic metastasis. Our results indicate potential utility of CDK8 inhibitors for the treatment of colon cancers that metastasized into the liver and suggest that CDK8 inhibitors may be considered in other therapeutic settings involving TGFβ/SMAD or Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation

    Identificación y caracterización de inhibidores de CDK8/CYCLINA C selectivos

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    Las quinasas del complejo mediador CDK8 y CDK19 son quinasas dependientes de ciclina C que junto con CDK7 y CDK9 forman parte del grupo de las denominadas CDKs transcripcionales. Tienen en común que fosforilan el dominio CTD terminal de la ARN polimerasa II, participando de este modo en la regulación de la transcripción. Además CDK8 independientemente del complejo mediador es una quinasa de histonas y la quinasa principal implicada en la fosforilación de STAT1-Ser727 en respuesta a interferon gama. CDK8 ha sido descrita como un oncogen en cáncer colorrectal y cáncer gástrico, donde está amplificado y/o sobreexpresado y es un marcador de mal pronóstico en cáncer de colon, mama y ovario. Por ello existe un gran interés en el desarrollo de inhibidores frente a CDK8 que pudieran dar lugar a una nueva clase de fármacos anticancerosos que potencialmente aumentaran la eficacia de las terapias antitumorales existente. Para la identificación y desarrollo de nuevos inhibidores de CDK8 / CDK19 se realizó un cribado de dos librerías seguida de una fase de generación de moléculas activas. Se identificaron 12 series químicas que tras una caracterización multifactorial basada en potencia bioquímica y celular, selectividad y propiedades ADME-T permitió identificar al ETP-749 como la molécula de partida para iniciar una fase de HtL y LO. La optimización multifactorial del ETP-749 aplicando análisis de relación estructura, propiedades y cinética actividad permitió la identificación de inhibidores duales CDK8 / HASPIN y selectivos CDK8 con potencia bioquímica y celular en el rango nanomolar y alta selectividad frente a otras CDKs. Los inhidores duales CDK8 / HASPIN presentaron una mayor potencia antiproliferativa respecto a los inhibidores CDK8 selectivos e indujeron muerte celular de una manera dosis dependiente. Las moléculas optimizadas fueron oralmente biodisponibles

    In Search of Novel CDK8 Inhibitors by Virtual Screening

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    Aberrant activity of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 8 is implicated in various cancers. While CDK8-targeting anticancer drugs are highly sought-after, no CDK8 inhibitor has yet reached clinical trials. Herein a large library of drug-like molecules was computationally screened using two complementary cascades to identify potential CDK8 inhibitors. Thirty-three hits were identified to inhibit CDK8 and seven of them were active against colorectal cancer cell lines. Finally, the primary target was confirmed using three promising hits
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