CYBER 200 Applications Seminar

Applications suited for the CYBER 200 digital computer are discussed. Various areas of application including meteorology, algorithms, fluid dynamics, monte carlo methods, petroleum, electronic circuit simulation, biochemistry, lattice gauge theory, economics and ray tracing are discussed

Research and test facilities for development of technologies and experiments with commercial applications

One of NASA'S agency-wide goals is the commercial development of space. To further this goal NASA is implementing a policy whereby U.S. firms are encouraged to utilize NASA facilities to develop and test concepts having commercial potential. Goddard, in keeping with this policy, will make the facilities and capabilities described in this document available to private entities at a reduced cost and on a noninterference basis with internal NASA programs. Some of these facilities include: (1) the Vibration Test Facility; (2) the Battery Test Facility; (3) the Large Area Pulsed Solar Simulator Facility; (4) the High Voltage Testing Facility; (5) the Magnetic Field Component Test Facility; (6) the Spacecraft Magnetic Test Facility; (7) the High Capacity Centrifuge Facility; (8) the Acoustic Test Facility; (9) the Electromagnetic Interference Test Facility; (10) the Space Simulation Test Facility; (11) the Static/Dynamic Balance Facility; (12) the High Speed Centrifuge Facility; (13) the Optical Thin Film Deposition Facility; (14) the Gold Plating Facility; (15) the Paint Formulation and Application Laboratory; (16) the Propulsion Research Laboratory; (17) the Wallops Range Facility; (18) the Optical Instrument Assembly and Test Facility; (19) the Massively Parallel Processor Facility; (20) the X-Ray Diffraction and Scanning Auger Microscopy/Spectroscopy Laboratory; (21) the Parts Analysis Laboratory; (22) the Radiation Test Facility; (23) the Ainsworth Vacuum Balance Facility; (24) the Metallography Laboratory; (25) the Scanning Electron Microscope Laboratory; (26) the Organic Analysis Laboratory; (27) the Outgassing Test Facility; and (28) the Fatigue, Fracture Mechanics and Mechanical Testing Laboratory

Preliminary study for a numerical aerodynamic simulation facility. Phase 1: Extension

Functional requirements and preliminary design data were identified for use in the design of all system components and in the construction of a facility to perform aerodynamic simulation for airframe design. A skeleton structure of specifications for the flow model processor and monitor, the operating system, and the language and its compiler is presented

Literature Review For Networking And Communication Technology

Report documents the results of a literature search performed in the area of networking and communication technology

State-of-the-art Assessment For Simulated Forces

Summary of the review of the state of the art in simulated forces conducted to support the research objectives of Research and Development for Intelligent Simulated Forces

Lightweight mutual authentication and privacy preservation schemes for IOT systems.

Internet of Things (IoT) presents a holistic and transformative approach for providing services in different domains. IoT creates an atmosphere of interaction between humans and the surrounding physical world through various technologies such as sensors, actuators, and the cloud. Theoretically, when everything is connected, everything is at risk. The rapid growth of IoT with the heterogeneous devices that are connected to the Internet generates new challenges in protecting and preserving user’s privacy and ensuring the security of our lives. IoT systems face considerable challenges in deploying robust authentication protocols because some of the IoT devices are resource-constrained with limited computation and storage capabilities to implement the currently available authentication mechanism that employs computationally expensive functions. The limited capabilities of IoT devices raise significant security and privacy concerns, such as ensuring personal information confidentiality and integrity and establishing end-to-end authentication and secret key generation between the communicating device to guarantee secure communication among the communicating devices. The ubiquity nature of the IoT device provides adversaries more attack surfaces which can lead to tragic consequences that can negatively impact our everyday connected lives. According to [1], authentication and privacy protection are essential security requirements. Therefore, there is a critical need to address these rising security and privacy concerns to ensure IoT systems\u27 safety. This dissertation identifies gaps in the literature and presents new mutual authentication and privacy preservation schemes that fit the needs of resource-constrained devices to improve IoT security and privacy against common attacks. This research enhances IoT security and privacy by introducing lightweight mutual authentication and privacy preservation schemes for IoT based on hardware biometrics using PUF, Chained hash PUF, dynamic identities, and user’s static and continuous biometrics. The communicating parties can anonymously communicate and mutually authenticate each other and locally establish a session key using dynamic identities to ensure the user’s unlinkability and untraceability. Furthermore, virtual domain segregation is implemented to apply security policies between nodes. The chained-hash PUF mechanism technique is implemented as a way to verify the sender’s identity. At first, this dissertation presents a framework called “A Lightweight Mutual Authentication and Privacy-Preservation framework for IoT Systems” and this framework is considered the foundation of all presented schemes. The proposed framework integrates software and hardware-based security approaches that satisfy the NIST IoT security requirements for data protection and device identification. Also, this dissertation presents an architecture called “PUF Hierarchal Distributed Architecture” (PHDA), which is used to perform the device name resolution. Based on the proposed framework and PUF architecture, three lightweight privacy-preserving and mutual authentication schemes are presented. The Three different schemes are introduced to accommodate both stationary and mobile IoT devices as well as local and distributed nodes. The first scheme is designed for the smart homes domain, where the IoT devices are stationary, and the controller node is local. In this scheme, there is direct communication between the IoT nodes and the controller node. Establishing mutual authentication does not require the cloud service\u27s involvement to reduce the system latency and offload the cloud traffic. The second scheme is designed for the industrial IoT domain and used smart poultry farms as a use case of the Industrial IoT (IIoT) domain. In the second scheme, the IoT devices are stationary, and the controller nodes are hierarchical and distributed, supported by machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. The third scheme is designed for smart cities and used IoV fleet vehicles as a use case of the smart cities domain. During the roaming service, the mutual authentication process between a vehicle and the distributed controller nodes represented by the Roadside Units (RSUs) is completed through the cloud service that stores all vehicle\u27s security credentials. After that, when a vehicle moves to the proximity of a new RSU under the same administrative authority of the most recently visited RSU, the two RSUs can cooperate to verify the vehicle\u27s legitimacy. Also, the third scheme supports driver static and continuous authentication as a driver monitoring system for the sake of both road and driver safety. The security of the proposed schemes is evaluated and simulated using two different methods: security analysis and performance analysis. The security analysis is implemented through formal security analysis and informal security analysis. The formal analysis uses the Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic (BAN) and model-checking using the automated validation of Internet security protocols and applications (AVISPA) toolkit. The informal security analysis is completed by: (1) investigating the robustness of the proposed schemes against the well-known security attacks and analyze its satisfaction with the main security properties; and (2) comparing the proposed schemes with the other existing authentication schemes considering their resistance to the well-known attacks and their satisfaction with the main security requirements. Both the formal and informal security analyses complement each other. The performance evaluation is conducted by analyzing and comparing the overhead and efficiency of the proposed schemes with other related schemes from the literature. The results showed that the proposed schemes achieve all security goals and, simultaneously, efficiently and satisfy the needs of the resource-constrained IoT devices

Transputer Implementation for the Shell Model and Sd Shell Calculations

This thesis consists of two parts. The first part discusses a new Shell model implementation based on communicating sequential processes. The second part contains different shell model calculations, which have been done using an earlier implementation. Sequential processing computers appear to be fast reaching their upper limits of efficiency. Presently they can perform one machine operation in every clock cycle and the silicon technology also seems to have reached its physical limits of miniaturization. Hence new software/hardware approaches should be investigated in order to meet growing computational requirements. Parallel processing has been demonstrated to be one alternative to achieve this objective. But the major problem with this approach is that many algorithms used for the solution of physical problems are not suitable for distribution over a number of processors. In part one of this work we have identified this concurrency in the shell model calculations and implemented it on the Meiko Computing Surface. Firstly we have explained the motivation for this project and then give a detailed comparison of different hardware/software that has been available to us and reasons for our preferred choice. Similarly, we also outline the advantages/disadvantages of the available parallel/sequential languages before choosing parallel C to be our language of implementation. We describe our new serial implementation DASS, the Dynamic And Structured Shell model, which forms basis for the parallel version. We have developed a new algorithm for the phase calculation of Slater Determinants, which is, superior to the previously used occupancy representation method. Both our serial and parallel implementations have adopted this representation. The PARALLEL GLASNAST, as we call it, PARALLEL GLASgow Nuclear Algorithmic Technique, is our complete implementation of the inherent parallelism in Shell model calculation and has been described in detail. It is actually based on splitting the whole calculation into three tasks, which can be distributed on the number of processors required by the chosen topology, and executed concurrently. We also give a detailed discussion of the communication/ synchronization protocols which preserve the available concurrency. We have achieved a complete overlap of the the main tasks, one responsible for arithmetically intensive operations and the other doing searching among, possibly, millions of states. It demonstrates that the implementation of these tasks has got enough built in flexibility that they could be run on any number of processors. Execution times for one and three transputers have been obtained for 28Si, which are fairly good. We have also undertaken a detailed analysis of how the amount of communication (traffic) between processors changes with the increase in the number of states. Part two describes shell model calculations for mass 21 nuclei. Previous many calculations have not taken into account the Coulomb's interaction, which is responsible for differences between mirror nuclei. They also do not use the valuable information on nucleon occupancies. We have made extensive calculations for the six isobars in mass 21 using CWC, PW and USD interactions. The results obtained in this case include, energy, spin, isospin and electromagnetic transition rates. These result are discussed and conclusions drawn. We concentrate on the comparison of the properties in of each mirror pairs. This comparison is supplemented by tables, energy level diagrams and occupancy diagrams. As we consider mirror pair individually, the mixing of states, which is caused by the short range nuclear force and the Coulomb force, becomes more evident. The other important thing we have noticed is, that some pairs of states swap their places, between a mirror pair, on the occupancy diagram, suggesting that their wave functions might have been swapped. We have undertaken a detailed study to discover any swapping states. The tests applied to confirm this include comparison of energy, electromagnetic properties and the occupancy information obtained with different interactions. We find that only the 91, 92 states in Al have swapped over. We also report some real energy gaps which exist on the basis of our calculations for Al