4 research outputs found
A Deep Learning Technique to Clinch the Detection of Parkinson’s Disease using Speech and Voice Attributes
Among the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson’s Disease ranks second only to Alzheimer’s disease. Though extensive research is carried out in this area there have been no biomarker suggested. At present the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease progression is possible only through clinical examination and function symptoms observation. Voice impairment has been identified as an early marker for Parkinson’s Disease and hence the research in this field is gaining popularity. Machine Learning algorithms have proved useful in analyzing the enormous data with high dimensionality. But this has not been successful in extricating features that will have a strong correlation in predicting the disease accurately. This calls for a more effective and powerful technique like Deep Learning that uses deep neural networks that can select the optimal features and can contribute in the identification of the disease. In this paper an initial step was made by designing an Artificial Neural Network model. This yielded a train and test accuracy more than ninety-nine percentage and seventy-five percentage respectively for classifying the disease but showed overfitting problem which resulted in a decrease in the performance. Hence, the Artificial Neural Network model was hyper-tuned to reduce this problem and there was a slight improvement in the performance. Two methods were employed for optimization – a regularization method early stop and another validation method called Stratified K -Fold Cross Validation. Among these the second approach showed better results by slightly reducing the overfitting issue and it yielded a train and test accuracy score of approximately ninety-nine percentage and ninety-seven percentage with K-fold as five and Stochastic Gradient Descent as the optimizer. Even though the results were promising it was unable to unravel the prime attributes that would eventually identify the disease
Advanced Parameterisation of Online Handwriting in Writers with Graphomotor Disabilities
Grafomotorick© obtÂe (GD) vraznĂ„ ovlivuj kvalitu ivota kolnÂm vĂ„kem poĂ„ÂnajÂc, kde se vyvÂjej grafomotorick© schopnosti, a do dchodov©ho vĂ„ku. VĂ„asn diagnza tĂ„chto obt a terapeutick zsah maj velk vznam k jejich zlepenÂ. Vzhledem k tomu, e GD souvis z vÂcermi symptomy v oblasti kinematiky, zkladn kinematick© parametry jako rychlost, zrychlen a vih prokzaly efektivn kvantizaci tĂ„chto symptom. Objektivn vpoĂ„etn syst©m podpory rozhodovn pro identifikaci a vyeten GD vak nen dostupn. A proto je hlavnÂm cÂlem m© disertaĂ„n prce vzkum pokroĂ„il© metody parametrizace online pÂsma pro analzu GD se specilnÂm zamĂ„enÂm na vyuit metod zlomkov©ho kalkulu. Tato prce je prvnÂ, kter experimentuje s vyuitÂm derivac neceloĂ„Âseln©ho du (FD) pro analzu GD pomoc online pÂsma zÂskan©ho od pacient s Parkinsonovou nemoc a u dĂ„t kolnÂho vĂ„ku. Byla navrena a evaluovna nov metoda parametrizace online pÂsma zaloena na FD vyuitÂm Grnwald-Letnikova pÂstupu. Bylo dokzno, e navren metoda vznamnĂ„ zlepuje diskriminaĂ„n sÂlu a deskriptivn schopnosti v oblasti Parkinsonick© dysgrafie. StejnĂ„ tak metoda pozitivnĂ„ ovlivnila i nejmodernĂ„j techniky v oblasti analzy GD u dĂ„t kolnÂho vĂ„ku. Vyvinut parametrizace byla optimalizovna s ohledem na vpoĂ„etn nroĂ„nost (a o 80 %) a tak© na vyladĂ„n du FD. Ke konci prce byly porovnny vÂcer© pÂstupy vpoĂ„tu FD, jmenovitĂ„ Riemann-Liouvillv, Caputv spoleĂ„nĂ„ z Grnwald-Letnikovm pÂstupem za Ă„elem identifikace tĂ„ch nejvhodnĂ„jÂch pro jednotliv© oblasti analzy GD.Graphomotor disabilities (GD) significantly affect the quality of life beginning from the school-age, when the graphomotor skills are developed, until the elderly age. The timely diagnosis of these difficulties and therapeutic interventions are of great importance. As GD are associated with several symptoms in the field of kinematics, the basic kinematic features such as velocity, acceleration, and jerk were proved to effectively quantify these symptoms. Nevertheless, an objective computerized decision support system for the identification and assessment of GD is still missing. Therefore, the main objective of my dissertation is the research of an advanced online handwriting parametrization utilized in the field of GD analysis, with a special focus on methods based on fractional calculus. This work is the first to experiment with fractional-order derivatives (FD) in the GD analysis by online handwriting of Parkinsonâs disease (PD) patients and school-age children. A new online handwriting parametrization technique based on the Grnwald-Letnikov approach of FD has been proposed and evaluated. In the field of PD dysgraphia, a significant improvement in the discrimination power and descriptive abilities was proven. Similarly, the proposed methodology improved current state-of-the-art techniques of GD analysis in school-aged children. The newly designed parametrization has been optimized in the scope of the computational performance (up to 80 %) as well as in FD order fine-tuning. Finally, various FD-approaches were compared, namely Riemann-Liouville, Caputoâs, together with Grnwald-Letnikov approximation to identify the most suitable approach for particular areas of GD analysis.
Differential analysis of multilingual corpus in patients with neurodegenerative diseases
Diplomová práce se zabĂ˝vá automatizovanou diagnĂłzou hypokinetickĂ© dysartrie v multilingválnĂm Ĺ™eÄŤovĂ©m korpusu. Jedná se o poruchu motorickĂ© realizace Ĺ™eÄŤi vyskytujĂcĂ se u pacientĹŻ s neurodegenerativnĂmi onemocnÄ›nĂmi jako je napĹ™Ăklad Parkinsonova nemoc. Automatizovaná diagnĂłza probĂhá na základÄ› akustickĂ© analĂ˝zy Ĺ™eÄŤi a následnĂ˝m pouĹľitĂm matematickĂ˝ch modelĹŻ. Tato metoda je na vzestupu dĂky jejĂ objektivitÄ› a moĹľnĂ© nezávislosti na národnosti. CĂlem práce je zjistit, kterĂ© akustickĂ© parametry majĂ vysokou diskriminaÄŤnĂ sĂlu a kterĂ© jsou závislĂ© na konkrĂ©tnĂm jazyku mluvÄŤĂho. K tom je vyuĹľita statistická analĂ˝za parametrizovanĂ˝ch Ĺ™eÄŤovĂ˝ch Ăşloh a následnĂ© modelovánĂ metodami strojovĂ©ho uÄŤenĂ. AnalĂ˝zy probÄ›hly pro ÄŤeštinu, americkou angliÄŤtinu, maÄŹarštinu a všechny jazyky dohromady. Bylo zjištÄ›no, Ĺľe pouze nÄ›kterĂ© parametry podporujĂcĂ diagnĂłzu hypokinetickĂ© disartrie a jsou nezávislĂ© na jazyku mluvÄŤĂho. Nejlepšà vĂ˝sledky vykazuje parametr relF2SD a po nÄ›m parametr NST. PĹ™i klasifikaci mluvÄŤĂch všech jazykĹŻ dohromady model dosauje pĹ™esnosti 59 % a senzitivity 72 %.This diploma thesis focuses on the automated diagnosis of hypokinetic dysarthria in the multilingual speech corpus, which is a motor speech disorder that occurs in patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. The automatic speech recognition approach to diagnosis is based on the acoustic analysis of speech and subsequent use of mathematical models. The popularity of this method is on the rise due to its objectivity and the possibility of working simultaneously on different languages. The aim of this work is to find out which acoustic parameters have high discriminative power and are universal for multiple languages. To achieve this, a statistical analysis of parameterized speech tasks and subsequent modelling by machine learning methods was used. The analyses were performed for Czech, American English, Hungarian and all languages together. It was found that only some parameters enable the diagnosis of the hypokinetic disorder and are, at the same time, universal for multiple languages. The relF2SD parameter shows the best results, followed by the NST parameter. When classifying speakers of all the languages together, the model achieves accuracy of 59 % and sensitivity of 72 %.