15,252 research outputs found
Structural Inflation Models with Real Wage Rigidities: The Case of Canada
Real wage rigidities have recently been proposed as a way of building intrinsic persistence in inflation within the context of New Keynesian Phillips Curves. Using two recent illustrative structural models, we evaluate empirically the importance of real wage rigidities in the data and the extent to which such models provide useful information regarding price stickiness. Structural estimation and testing is carried out using Canadian data and identification-robust methods. Results based on one of the models are relatively uninformative. Our tests reveal important identification difficulties and considerable estimate uncertainty, as can be seen from the wide projections for the estimates. However, we obtain economically reasonable ranges for estimates of average frequency of price changes and some evidence for rigidity in real wages (as measured by a rigidity index) based on the other model we examine. In addition, our specification for the latter model yields significant [at usual levels] and correctly-signed reduced-form coefficient estimates, showing a trade-off between unemployment and inflation in the New Keynesian Phillips curve. From a methodological perspective, these results derive from our treatment of the productivity term as observable although with error, which seems to capture vital information and improve overall identification. From a substantive perspective, our findings suggest that wage-rigidity based New Keynesian Phillips Curves hold promise empirically and provide interesting research directions.Inflation and prices; Labour markets; Econometric and statistical methods
Inference for High-Dimensional Sparse Econometric Models
This article is about estimation and inference methods for high dimensional
sparse (HDS) regression models in econometrics. High dimensional sparse models
arise in situations where many regressors (or series terms) are available and
the regression function is well-approximated by a parsimonious, yet unknown set
of regressors. The latter condition makes it possible to estimate the entire
regression function effectively by searching for approximately the right set of
regressors. We discuss methods for identifying this set of regressors and
estimating their coefficients based on -penalization and describe key
theoretical results. In order to capture realistic practical situations, we
expressly allow for imperfect selection of regressors and study the impact of
this imperfect selection on estimation and inference results. We focus the main
part of the article on the use of HDS models and methods in the instrumental
variables model and the partially linear model. We present a set of novel
inference results for these models and illustrate their use with applications
to returns to schooling and growth regression
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The New Keynesian Phillips Curve and Lagged Inflation: A Case of Spurious Correlation?
The New Keynesian Phillips Curve (NKPC) specifies a relationship between inflation and a forcing variable and the current period’s expectation of future inflation. Most empirical estimates of the NKPC, typically based on Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation, have found a significant role for lagged inflation, producing a “hybrid” NKPC. Using U.S. quarterly data, this paper examines whether the role of lagged inflation in the NKPC might be due to the spurious outcome of specification biases. Like previous investigators, we employ GMM estimation and, like those investigators, we find a significant effect for lagged inflation. We also use time varying coefficient (TVC) estimation, a procedure that allows us to directly confront specification biases and spurious relationships. Using three separate measures of expected inflation, we find strong support for the view that, under TVC estimation, the coefficient on expected inflation is near unity and that the role of lagged inflation in the NKPC is spurious.New Keynesian Phillips curve; time-varying coefficients; spurious relationships.
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