16 research outputs found
Identifiability and parameter estimation of the single particle lithium-ion battery model
This paper investigates the identifiability and estimation of the parameters
of the single particle model (SPM) for lithium-ion battery simulation.
Identifiability is addressed both in principle and in practice. The approach
begins by grouping parameters and partially non-dimensionalising the SPM to
determine the maximum expected degrees of freedom in the problem. We discover
that, excluding open circuit voltage, there are only six independent
parameters. We then examine the structural identifiability by considering
whether the transfer function of the linearised SPM is unique. It is found that
the model is unique provided that the electrode open circuit voltage functions
have a known non-zero gradient, the parameters are ordered, and the electrode
kinetics are lumped into a single charge transfer resistance parameter. We then
demonstrate the practical estimation of model parameters from measured
frequency-domain experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
data, and show additionally that the parametrised model provides good
predictive capabilities in the time domain, exhibiting a maximum voltage error
of 20 mV between model and experiment over a 10 minute dynamic discharge.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, pre-print submitted to the IEEE Transactions on
Control Systems Technolog
Global Sensitivity Methods for Design of Experiments in Lithium-ion Battery Context
Battery management systems may rely on mathematical models to provide higher
performance than standard charging protocols. Electrochemical models allow us
to capture the phenomena occurring inside a lithium-ion cell and therefore,
could be the best model choice. However, to be of practical value, they require
reliable model parameters. Uncertainty quantification and optimal experimental
design concepts are essential tools for identifying systems and estimating
parameters precisely. Approximation errors in uncertainty quantification result
in sub-optimal experimental designs and consequently, less-informative data,
and higher parameter unreliability. In this work, we propose a highly efficient
design of experiment method based on global parameter sensitivities. This novel
concept is applied to the single-particle model with electrolyte and thermal
dynamics (SPMeT), a well-known electrochemical model for lithium-ion cells. The
proposed method avoids the simplifying assumption of output-parameter
linearization (i.e., local parameter sensitivities) used in conventional Fisher
information matrix-based experimental design strategies. Thus, the optimized
current input profile results in experimental data of higher information
content and in turn, in more precise parameter estimates.Comment: Accepted for 21st IFAC World Congres
Bayesian Parameter Estimation Applied to the Li-ion Battery Single Particle Model with Electrolyte Dynamics
This paper presents a Bayesian parameter estimation approach and
identifiability analysis for a lithium-ion battery model, to determine the
uniqueness, evaluate the sensitivity and quantify the uncertainty of a subset
of the model parameters. The analysis was based on the single particle model
with electrolyte dynamics, rigorously derived from the Doyle-Fuller-Newman
model using asymptotic analysis including electrode-average terms. The Bayesian
approach allows complex target distributions to be estimated, which enables a
global analysis of the parameter space. The analysis focuses on the
identification problem (i) locally, under a set of discrete quasi-steady states
of charge, and in comparison (ii) globally with a continuous excursion of state
of charge. The performance of the methodology was evaluated using synthetic
data from multiple numerical simulations under diverse types of current
excitation. We show that various diffusivities as well as the transference
number may be estimated with small variances in the global case, but with much
larger uncertainty in the local estimation case. This also has significant
implications for estimation where parameters might vary as a function of state
of charge or other latent variables
Reduced-order electrochemical models with shape functions for fast, accurate prediction of lithium-ion batteries under high C rates
This paper proposes physical-based, reduced-order electrochemical models that
are much faster than the electrochemical pseudo 2D (P2D) model, while providing
high accuracy even under the challenging conditions of high C-rate and strong
polarization of lithium ion concentration and potential in a battery cell. In
particular, an innovative weak form of equations are developed by using shape
functions, which reduces the fully coupled electrochemical and transport
equations to ordinary differential equations, and provides self-consistent
solutions for the evolution of the polynomial coefficients. Results show that
the models, named as revised single-particle model (RSPM) and fast-calculating
P2D model (FCP2D), give highly reliable prediction of battery operations,
including under dynamic driving profiles. They can calculate battery
parameters, such as terminal voltage, over-potential, interfacial current
density, lithium-ion concentration distribution, and electrolyte potential
distribution with a relative error less than 2%. Applicable for moderately high
C rates (below 2.5 C), the RSPM is up to more than 33 times faster than the P2D
model. The FCP2D is applicable for high C rates (above 2.5 C) and is about 8
times faster than the P2D model. With their high speed and accuracy, these
physics-based models can significantly improve the capability and performance
of the battery management system and accelerate battery design optimization
Optimal design of experiments for a lithium-ion cell: parameters identification of an isothermal single particle model with electrolyte dynamics
Advanced battery management systems rely on mathematical models to guarantee
optimal functioning of Lithium-ion batteries. The Pseudo-Two Dimensional (P2D)
model is a very detailed electrochemical model suitable for simulations. On the
other side, its complexity prevents its usage in control and state estimation.
Therefore, it is more appropriate the use of simplified electrochemical models
such as the Single Particle Model with electrolyte dynamics (SPMe), which
exhibits good adherence to real data when suitably calibrated. This work
focuses on a Fisher-based optimal experimental design for identifying the SPMe
parameters. The proposed approach relies on a nonlinear optimization to
minimize the covariance parameters matrix. At first, the parameters are
estimated by considering the SPMe as the real plant. Subsequently, a more
realistic scenario is considered where the P2D model is used to reproduce a
real battery behavior. Results show the effectiveness of the optimal
experimental design when compared to standard strategies.Comment: Published in Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2019, 58, 3, 1286-129
A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Models in Techno-economic Analyses of Power Systems
The penetration of the lithium-ion battery energy storage system (BESS) into
the power system environment occurs at a colossal rate worldwide. This is
mainly because it is considered as one of the major tools to decarbonize,
digitalize, and democratize the electricity grid. The economic viability and
technical reliability of projects with batteries require appropriate assessment
because of high capital expenditures, deterioration in charging/discharging
performance and uncertainty with regulatory policies. Most of the power system
economic studies employ a simple power-energy representation coupled with an
empirical description of degradation to model the lithium-ion battery. This
approach to modelling may result in violations of the safe operation and
misleading estimates of the economic benefits. Recently, the number of
publications on techno-economic analysis of BESS with more details on the
lithium-ion battery performance has increased. The aim of this review paper is
to explore these publications focused on the grid-scale BESS applications and
to discuss the impacts of using more sophisticated modelling approaches. First,
an overview of the three most popular battery models is given, followed by a
review of the applications of such models. The possible directions of future
research of employing detailed battery models in power systems' techno-economic
studies are then explored
Microstructure-resolved degradation simulation of lithium-ion batteries in space applications
In-orbit satellite REIMEI, developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, has been relying on off-the-shelf Li-ion batteries since its launch in 2005. The performance and durability of Li-ion batteries is impacted by various degradation mechanisms, one of which is the growth of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this article, we analyse the REIMEI battery and parameterize a full-cell model with electrochemical cycling data, computer tomography images, and capacity fading experiments using image processing and surrogate optimization. We integrate a recent model for SEI growth into a full-cell model and simulate the degradation of batteries during cycling. To validate our model, we use experimental and in-flight data of the satellite batteries. Our combination of SEI growth model and microstructure-resolved 3D simulation shows, for the first time, experimentally observed inhomogeneities in the SEI thickness throughout the negative electrode for the degraded cell
A novel charged state prediction method of the lithium ion battery packs based on the composite equivalent modeling and improved splice Kalman filtering algorithm.
As the unscented Kalman filtering algorithm is sensitive to the battery model and susceptible to the uncertain noise interference, an improved iterate calculation method is proposed to improve the charged state prediction accuracy of the lithium ion battery packs by introducing a novel splice Kalman filtering algorithm with adaptive robust performance. The battery is modeled by composite equivalent modeling and its parameters are identified effectively by investigating the hybrid power pulse test. The sensitivity analysis is carried out for the model parameters to obtain the influence degree on the prediction effect of different factors, providing a basis of the adaptive battery characterization. Subsequently, its implementation process is carried out including model building and adaptive noise correction that are perceived by the iterate charged state calculation. Its experimental results are analyzed and compared with other algorithms through the physical tests. The polarization resistance is obtained as Rp = 16.66 mΩ and capacitance is identified as Cp = 13.71 kF. The ohm internal resistance is calculated as Ro = 68.71 mΩ and the charged state has a prediction error of 1.38% with good robustness effect, providing a foundational basis of the power prediction for the lithium ion battery packs