7 research outputs found

    Study the Effect of Network Congestion on the Performance of Interactive, Proactive and Hybrid Protocols in Terms of Quality of Service

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    Today, MANET networks have attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of communications and networks because of the ease of establishing such networks and their wide spread in the various scientific and applied fields. The researchers have proposed many routing protocols in these networks. This is because the goal of the development process is to make these networks more secure and stable because they are highly vulnerable to penetration by any other node located in the perimeter of the network because the security factors are weak. These protocols are categorized according to its strategy to three types are the proactive class, which relies on the transmission of control messages over the network to update the routes between any two nodes, and the reactive class, which depends on discovering the route when needed, without broadcasting of control messages across network , And the hybrid type, which combines the two classes, that divides the network into clusters where the nodes interconnections within the cluster depends on the interactive method, while the transmission between two nodes that belong to different clusters is depend on proactive method. In this paper we compared between the most famous species (proactive, Reactive, hybrid) and choose a protocol to be representative of all species previously mentioned and the network performance assessment each type in terms of Throughput, dynamic routing, load, delay and determine which of these protocols appropriate for each case. تحظى شبكات الـ MANET اليوم باهتمام العديد من الباحثين في مجالات الاتصالات والشبكات، نظراً لسهولة إنشاء مثل هذا النوع من الشبكات، وانتشارها الواسع في مختلف المجالات العلمية والتطبيقية، حيث عمد الباحثون إلى اقتراح العديد من بروتوكولات التوجيه في هذه الشبكات وما زالت عملية تطويرها مستمرة إلى يومنا هذا، حيث أن الهدف من عملية التطوير هو جعل هذه الشبكات أكثر أمنا واستقرارا لأنها معرضة بشكل كبير للاختراق من قبل أي عقدة أخرى موجودة في محيط الشبكة نظراً لأن عوامل الأمان ضعيفة فيها. تم تصنيف هذه البروتوكولات حسب طريقة عملها إلى ثلاثة أصناف هي الصنف التفاعلي الذي يعتمد على إرسال رسائل تحكم عبر الشبكة من أجل تحديث المسارات التي تصل بين أي عقدتين فيها، والصنف الاستباقي الذي يعتمد على اكتشاف المسار عند الحاجة إليه فقط دون اللجوء إلى رسائل التحكم عبر الشبكة، والصنف الهجين الذي يجمع بين الصنفين السابقين فيقوم بتجزئة الشبكة إلى عناقيد حيث تتراسل العقد ضمن العنقود الواحد وفق الأسلوب التفاعلي بينما تتراسل العقد التي تتبع لعنقودين مختلفين وفق الصنف الاستباقي. تمت المقارنة في هذا البحث بين الأنواع الثلاثة للبرتوكولات ( الاستباقية , التفاعلية , الهجينة ) و تم تقييم أداء الشبكة لكل نوع  البروتوكولات  كلا على حده من حيث المردود Throughput , حركية التوجيه Routing Traffic Sent, الحمل Load , التأخير Delay وتحديد السيناريوهات المناسبة لكل حالة

    Quality-of-Service Routing Using Path and Power Aware Techniques in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

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    Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile hosts dynamically forming a temporary network without the aid of any existing established infrastructure. Quality of service (QoS) is a set of service requirements that needs to be met by the network while transporting a packet stream from a source to its destination. QoS support MANETs is a challenging task due to the dynamic topology and limited resources. The main objective of this paper is to enhance the QoS routing for MANET using temporally ordered routing algorithm (TORA) with self-healing and optimized routing techniques (SHORT). SHORT improves routing optimality by monitoring routing paths continuously and redirecting the path whenever a shortcut path is available. In this paper, the performance comparison of TORA and TORA with SHORT has been analyzed using network simulator for various parameters. TORA with SHORT enhances performance of TORA in terms of throughput, packet loss, end-to-end delay, and energy

    Formulations and identification of algorithmic solutions for enabling opportunistic networks - M4.1

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    Milestone M4.1 del projecte Europeu OneFIT (ICT-2009-257385).This document contains a detailed description of the algorithms to be implemented to manage the opportunistic networks. There are defined according to the functional and system architecture (WP2) to fulfil the technical challenges. These algorithms will implemented during the WP4.2 and validated during the WP4.3Postprint (published version

    Admission control schemes for 802.11-based multi-hop mobile ad hoc networks: a survey

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    Bandwidth reservation in mobile ad hoc networks for providing QoS : adaptation for voice support

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    Le support de qualité de service (QoS) dans les réseaux MANETs (Mobile Ad-Hoc NETworks) a attiré une grande attention ces dernières années. Bien que beaucoup de travaux de recherche ont été consacré pour offrir la QoS dans les réseaux filaires et cellulaires, les solutions de QoS pour le support du trafic temps réel dans les MANET reste l'un des domaines de recherche les plus difficiles et les moins explorés. En fait, les applications temps réel telles que la voix et la vidéo ne pourrait pas fonctionner correctement dans les MANET sans l'utilisation d'un protocole de contrôle d'accès au support (MAC) orienté QoS. En effet, les trafics temps réel demandent des exigences strictes en termes de délai de transmission et de taux de perte de paquets qui peuvent être remplies uniquement si la sous-couche MAC fournit un délai d'accès au canal borné, et un faible taux de collision. Le but de cette thèse est la proposition et l'analyse d'un protocole MAC basé sur la réservation pour garantir la QoS dans les MANETs. Tout d'abord, nous étudions un problème majeur dans la réservation de ressources dans les MANETs qui est la cohérence des réservations. Notre analyse des protocoles de réservation existant pour les MANETs révèle que de nombreux conflits de réservations entre les nœuds voisins se produisent pendant la phase d'établissement de réservation. Ces conflits, qui sont principalement dues à la collision des messages de contrôle de réservation, ont un impact important sur les performances du protocole de réservation, et conduisent à un taux de collision et de perte de paquet importants pendant la durée de vie de la connexion, ce qui n'est pas acceptable pour les trafics temps réels. Nous proposons un nouveau protocole MAC basé sur la réservation qui résout ces conflits. Le principe de notre protocole est d'établir une meilleure coordination entre les nœuds voisins afin d'assurer la cohérence des réservations. Ainsi, avant de considérer qu'une réservation est réussite, le protocole s'assure que chaque message de contrôle envoyé par un nœud pour établir une réservation est bien reçu par tous ses nœuds voisins. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous appliquons le protocole de réservation proposé au trafic de type voix. Ainsi, nous étendons ce protocole afin de prendre en compte les caractéristiques du trafic voix, tout en permettant le transport de trafic de données. Nous nous focalisons sur l'utilisation efficace de la bande passante et les mécanismes pour réduire le gaspillage de bande passante. La dernière partie de cette thèse concerne l'extension du protocole proposé en vue de réserver la bande passante pour une connexion temps réel sur un chemin. Ainsi, le protocole MAC de réservation proposé est couplé avec un protocole de routage réactif. En outre, le protocole est étendu avec des mécanismes de gestion de à mobilité afin de faire face à la dégradation des performances due à la mobilité des nœuds. Nous évaluons les performances du protocole proposé dans plusieurs scénarios dans lesquels nous montrons sa supériorité par rapport aux standards existants.QoS provisioning over Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) has attracted a great attention in recent years. While much research effort has been devoted to provide QoS over wired and cellular networks, QoS solutions for the support of real-time traffic over MANETs remains one of the most challenging and least explored areas. In fact, real-time applications such as voice and video could not function properly on MANETs without a QoS oriented medium access control (MAC) scheme. Indeed, real-time traffics claim strict requirements in terms of transmission delay and packet dropping that can be fulfilled only if the MAC sub-layer provides bounded channel access delay, and low collision rate. The purpose of this thesis is the proposal and analysis of an efficient reservation MAC protocol to provide QoS support over MANETs. Firstly, we study one major issue in resource reservation for MANETs which is reservation consistency. Our analysis of existing reservation MAC protocols for MANETs reveals that many reservation conflicts between neighbor nodes occur during the reservation establishment phase. These conflicts which are mainly due to collisions of reservation control messages, have an important impact on the performance of the reservation protocol, and lead to a significant collision and loss of packets during the life-time of the connection, which is not acceptable for real-time traffics. We design a new reservation MAC protocol that resolves these conflicts. The main principle of our protocol is to achieve better coordination between neighbor nodes in order to ensure consistency of reservations. Thus, before considering a reservation as successful, the protocol tries to ensure that each reservation control message transmitted by a node is successfully received by all its neighbors. In the second part of this thesis, we apply the proposed reservation protocol to voice traffic. Thus, we extend this protocol in order to take into account the characteristics of voice traffic, while enabling data traffic. We focus on efficient bandwidth utilization and mechanisms to reduce the waste of bandwidth. The last part of this thesis relates to the extension of the proposed protocol in order to reserve resources for a real-time connection along a path. Thus, the proposed reservation MAC protocol is coupled with a reactive routing protocol. In addition, the protocol is extended with mobility handling mechanisms in order to cope with performance degradation due to mobility of nodes. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme in several scenarios where we show its superiority compared to existing standards
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