[국문 번역문] 사물클라우드 : 클라우드 컴퓨팅과 사물인터넷의 교차점에서의 영국의 정보보호와 소비자법

기술적 발전을 ‘혁명’1)으로 지칭하는 것은 ‘혁 명’이 ‘지각변동의(disruptive)’ 혁신2)으로 이어질 것이라고 이야기하는 것만큼이나 흔한 일이 되고 있다. 사물인터넷3)은 주목할 만한 현상이 되고 있 다. 그로 인한 경제적 파급효과와 사회적 가능성이 대단히 클 수 있기 때문이다.4) 그러나 사물인터넷 이 우리의 삶을 어느 정도로 바뀌게 할지 그리고 법적인 관점에서, 현행 규칙이 변경되고 새로운 규 칙이 마련되어야 하는지 여부 및 그러한 변경의 정 도를 가늠하는 것은 아직은 시기상조이다. 따라서 순진한 찬사 대신, 본 논문은 사물인터 넷, 그리고 사물인터넷과 클라우드 컴퓨팅 간의 교 차점인 소위 사물클라우드를 정의하려 한다. 기본 적인 요소들에 대한 명확한 규정과 함께, 사물클라 우드 복잡성에 관한 여섯 요소에 대해 논의하고 가 능한 규제방법들(규제, 공동규제, 자기규제, 전체론 적 접근, 세분화)을 다루도록 하겠다. 영국의 법제도에 초점을 맞추어, 영국에서의 발 달현황5)에 대해 설명하고 사물클라우드로부터 제 기되는 주요한 기술적6), 법적7) 쟁점들 몇몇을 다 루도록 한다. 규제당국이 보다 중요하게 생각하는 주제들, 즉 정보보호, 프라이버시, 소비자법을 특히 더 중점적으로 논의하겠다. 관련 법적 쟁점들을 철저히 검토하고 영국의 사 례를 참고함으로써 한국은 사물클라우드에 관한 그 특별한 잠재력을 실현시킬 수 있을 것이고8) 세계 에서 가장 스마트한 국가로서 그 지위를 유지할 수 있을 것이다.9) 드론, 무인자동차 그리고 생명공학 에 대한 규제를 완화하겠다는 박근혜 대통령의 2016년 5월 18일의 발언은 이러한 방향으로의 움 직임을 보여주고 있다

Clouds of Things. Data protection and consumer law at the intersection of cloud computing and the Internet of Things in the United Kingdom

The article critically analyses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its intersection with cloud computing, the so-called Clouds of Things (CoT). ‘Things’ are understood as any physical entity capable of connectivity that has a direct interface to the physical world (i.e. a sensing and/or actuating capability). From another perspective (especially product liability), Things can be seen as an inextricable mixture of hardware, software, and services. Alongside a clarification of the essentials, the six factors of the CoT complexity are described and light is shed on the regulatory options (regulation, co-regulation, self-regulation, holistic approach, fragmentation). Focussing on the British legal systems, the article reports on the state of the art of CoT deployment in the United Kingdom and deals with some of the main technical and legal issues emerging from CoT. Particularly, the core will be data protection, privacy, and consumer law. Indeed, these themes are considered the most relevant by the regulators. By mastering the relevant legal issues and following the example of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Korea will be able to unleash its extraordinary potential as to the IoT, thus retaining its position as the smartest country in the world

Business School Perceptions of the Possible Impact of the Teaching Excellence Framework: A Complex Adaptive Systems Perspective.

The implementation of the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) at institutional level 2017, presents universities with the challenge of responding to a government policy which has the capacity to change the Higher Education landscape. Educational policies are capable of introducing complexity into organisations and inspiring disruptive behaviour. The strategic response to policy implementation within universities is often thought to be the domain of business schools due to their assumed autonomy and links to management. The responses of business schools towards policy implementation have not been previously explored. Therefore, the research explores the response of business schools towards the Institutional level TEF as well as wider policy changes, within the context of an assumed sense of autonomy. An interpretivist research methodology was chosen in order to explore business school responses towards the voluntary participation of the TEF in 2017 through interviews with respondents from universities across the country. This includes analysis of sense making from respondents as they drawing upon their respective knowledge networks. Qualitative research was utilised in order to explore the response from business schools and increase the understanding of policy response within the Higher Education sector. The research utilised purposive sampling followed by the use of snowball sampling. Complex Adaptive Systems theory was used a theoretical lens, and the data was explored though the use of thematic analysis which examined cluster formations in NVivo and identified patterns of data emerging into four main CAS areas. The findings suggest that business school responses towards the Institutional Level TEF in 2017 represents a moment in time when participating universities found themselves responding to an educational policy which contained an evolutionary element, capable of introducing change into the existing order - thus providing an example of punctuated equilibrium. The response to the TEF was hierarchical, and involved individuals reporting to their respective Vice Chancellors, while receiving support from self-regulating groups. The TEF is identified as a Complex Adaptive System due to its none-linear and unpredictable behaviour. Finally, Zimmerman’s Zone of Complexity is utilised in order to illustrate the manner in which the Edge of Chaos is capable of representing an opportunity for innovative though, when the decision is made to alternate between managerial clockware and innovative swarmwar