Survey on E-commerce and its applications

Electronic Commerce, usually is called e-commerce, conducts business on-line. It is electronic forms of communication that permits the exchange of sale information related to goods and services purchasing between buyers and sellers with digital cash and via Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). The application of e-commerce is very important because that is the only way that how buyers and on-line business stores make the deals without seeing and talking each other. The applications should be very friendly (interface with nice layout and easily accepted by the potential buyers), easy to access and use (almost without to learn any computer and network skills), showing all the necessary and related information to all the viewers (no any questions could not be found during purchasing), and trusted by real buyers (secure without the personal information leaking to third party especially social secure number and financial information). The well know on-line solutions are from IBM’s WebSphere Commerce Suite, Microsoft Corp’s Site Server Commerce Edition, Yahoo’s Yahoo Store, and BroadVision’s One-to-One Commerce, and all of them use web secure protocols such as S-HTTP (Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol), SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), or SEPP (Secure Electronic Payment Protocol). E-commerce has a lot of benefits if it compares with long time traditional business - less expense, space saving, spread fast, saving shopping time, easy comparison, almost no sales tax, etc.. With Internet and personal computer growing dramatically in the last decade, we already saw the huge on-line business obviously. In the next few years along with technological development and innovation of computer, Internet, and any other related factors, the potential e-commerce market will grow to billion and billion dollars business worldwide. E-commerce is changing people’s daily life and their shopping habitations

Business Rules: Die Wissensverarbeitung erreicht die Betriebswirtschaft ; Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Marktübersicht

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eBusiness technologies and trends in the pharmaceutical industry

Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-124).This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.eBusiness is rapidly becoming the defacto business model of many firms. The pharmaceutical industry will continue to thrive regardless of recession, terrorism, war, or other external forces. Question is: what eBusiness technologies and trends are being currently pursued by pharmaceutical companies in managing critical relationships with business partners such as doctors, physicians, suppliers, retailers, distributors, and consumers? The purpose of this research is to provide a high-level overview of the pharmaceutical industry and companies that dominate in this vast arena. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of eBusiness in terms of phases, models, architectures, vendors, and products. Finally, eBusiness technologies and trends in global pharmaceutical organizations related to procurement, sales, and supply chain are analyzed in various case studies. This analysis ultimately leads to a carefully orchestrated conclusion that recaps this entire research based on eBusiness in the pharmaceutical industry.by Imran Qayyum.S.M.M.O.T

Analysis of Web Services on J2EE Application Servers

The Internet became a standard way of exchanging business data between B2B and B2C applications and with this came the need for providing various services on the web instead of just static text and images. Web services are a new type of services offered via the web that aid in the creation of globally distributed applications. Web services are enhanced e-business applications that are easier to advertise and easier to discover on the Internet because of their flexibility and uniformity. In a real life scenario it is highly difficult to decide which J2EE application server to go for when deploying a enterprise web service. This thesis analyzes the various ways by which web services can be developed & deployed. Underlying protocols and crucial issues like EAI (enterprise application integration), asynchronous messaging, Registry tModel architecture etc have been considered in this research. This paper presents a report by analyzing what various J2EE application servers provide by doing a case study and by developing applications to test functionality

Web services strategy

Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2003.June 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-123).This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Everything is connected to everything. El Aleph (1945), by Jorge Luis Borges[1] This thesis addresses the need to simplify and streamline web service network infrastructure and to identify business models that best leverage Web services technology and industry dynamics to generate positive business results. Web services have evolved from the simple page-display protocol of their origin and now reach beyond the links that simply updated web data dynamically from corporate databases, to where systems can automatically transact. These Web services represent a series of network business technology standards and capabilities that irrevocably change the way in which businesses will do business. In fact, every business today is a networked business and has opportunities to grow using Web services. This study focuses on the implementation challenges in the financial services market, specifically the On Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) sector where legacy mainframes interface with multiple tiers of distribution through proprietary EDI links. The OLTP industry operates under stringent regulatory requirements for availability and audit-ability of not only who performed what transaction, but who had access to the information about the information. In this environment organizational demands on network infrastructure including hardware, software and personnel are changing radically, while concurrently Information Technology (IT) budgets are under pressure. The strategic choices for deploying web services in this environment may contain lessons for other industries where cost effective large scale processing, high availability, security, manageability and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) are paramount concerns. In this paper we use a systems dynamics model to simulate the impact of market changes on the adoption of innovative technologies and their commoditization on the industry value chain, with the aim of identifying business models and network topologies which best support the growth of an Open Systems network business. From the results of the simulation we will derive strategic recommendations for networked business models and web services integration strategies to meet Line Of Business (LOB) objectives.by Stephen B. Miles.S.M.M.O.T

Dependable system architecture for businesses : analysis of an enterprise resource planning system

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Page 128 blank.Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-127).This thesis defines the concept of Dependable System Architecture (DSA), evaluation criteria for DSAs and applies those criteria to evaluate SAP, a leading ERP system. The evaluation criteria employ system frameworks, concepts, tools, components and methodologies. During the process of evaluation, this thesis touches upon many different architectural evaluations such as technical, operational, implementation and service and support. Finally, this thesis concludes whether SAP provides Dependable System Architecture for businesses.by Kannakumar Kittusamy.S.M

A Reference Architecture for Service Lifecycle Management – Construction and Application to Designing and Analyzing IT Support

Service-orientation and the underlying concept of service-oriented architectures are a means to successfully address the need for flexibility and interoperability of software applications, which in turn leads to improved IT support of business processes. With a growing level of diffusion, sophistication and maturity, the number of services and interdependencies is gradually rising. This increasingly requires companies to implement a systematic management of services along their entire lifecycle. Service lifecycle management (SLM), i.e., the management of services from the initiating idea to their disposal, is becoming a crucial success factor. Not surprisingly, the academic and practice communities increasingly postulate comprehensive IT support for SLM to counteract the inherent complexity. The topic is still in its infancy, with no comprehensive models available that help evaluating and designing IT support in SLM. This thesis presents a reference architecture for SLM and applies it to the evaluation and designing of SLM IT support in companies. The artifact, which largely resulted from consortium research efforts, draws from an extensive analysis of existing SLM applications, case studies, focus group discussions, bilateral interviews and existing literature. Formal procedure models and a configuration terminology allow adapting and applying the reference architecture to a company’s individual setting. Corresponding usage examples prove its applicability and demonstrate the arising benefits within various SLM IT support design and evaluation tasks. A statistical analysis of the knowledge embodied within the reference data leads to novel, highly significant findings. For example, contemporary standard applications do not yet emphasize the lifecycle concept but rather tend to focus on small parts of the lifecycle, especially on service operation. This forces user companies either into a best-of-breed or a custom-development strategy if they are to implement integrated IT support for their SLM activities. SLM software vendors and internal software development units need to undergo a paradigm shift in order to better reflect the numerous interdependencies and increasing intertwining within services’ lifecycles. The SLM architecture is a first step towards achieving this goal.:Content Overview List of Figures....................................................................................... xi List of Tables ...................................................................................... xiv List of Abbreviations.......................................................................xviii 1 Introduction .................................................................................... 1 2 Foundations ................................................................................... 13 3 Architecture Structure and Strategy Layer .............................. 57 4 Process Layer ................................................................................ 75 5 Information Systems Layer ....................................................... 103 6 Architecture Application and Extension ................................. 137 7 Results, Evaluation and Outlook .............................................. 195 Appendix ..........................................................................................203 References .......................................................................................... 463 Curriculum Vitae.............................................................................. 498 Bibliographic Data............................................................................ 49

The Value Proposition of Service-Oriented Architecture

The author of this thesis evaluates Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) design and implementation strategies. The purpose is to provide the reader with the definition of Service-Oriented Architecture. This report discusses: (1) The definition of Service-Oriented Architecture, (2) The problems solved by Service-Oriented Architecture, (3) Application of design principles to achieve Service-Oriented Architecture. As a result of this investigation, Service-Oriented Architecture is a design style that is fundamentally about sharing and reuse of functionality across diverse applications, so that organizations can quickly adapt to changing business requirements while increasing IT asset reuse and minimizing integration and development costs

Data limitations can be overcome to move toward effective business system integration

Investigation indicates that data quality and consistency issues will continue to be overwhelming impediments to the complete integration of all information systems in the current Information Technology (IT) environment. However, there is evidence that businesses can still move toward an effective Digital Business Design (DBD) by focusing on a relatively small number of critical success factors. The possible approaches to integration available in the current IT environment were reviewed to gain insight into candidate design bases available. The DBD implementations of sample firms were examined to explore what aspects of integration they considered in their implementations and whether or not they achieved significant levels of integration from a customer perspective. Based on these examinations, several key points that should be kept in focus when contemplating a DBD integration project were identified