Hybrid precoding and combining design for millimeter-wave multi-user MIMO based on SVD

In this paper, we focus on the millimeter-wave multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (mmWave MU-MIMO) systems and propose a low-complexity hybrid precoding and combining design, which is applicable to both fully-connected structures and sub-connected structures. Based on the channel knowledge of each user, the analog combiner for each user is independently designed based on the singular value decomposition (SVD), while the analog precoder is obtained by the conjugate transposition to maximize the effective channel gain. Then, with the resulting effective analog channel, low-dimensional baseband precoders can be efficiently applied. The proposed scheme requires no optimization techniques or any complicated iterative algorithms, while the numerical results show that it can approach the performance of fully digital schemes and even achieve a better performance in some scenarios. It is also observed that sub-connected structures can achieve a much higher power efficiency compared to fully-connected structures and are therefore promising for the future green communication systems

Energy efficiency of mmWave massive MIMO precoding with low-resolution DACs

With the congestion of the sub-6 GHz spectrum, the interest in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems operating on millimeter wave spectrum grows. In order to reduce the power consumption of such massive MIMO systems, hybrid analog/digital transceivers and application of low-resolution digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital converters have been recently proposed. In this work, we investigate the energy efficiency of quantized hybrid transmitters equipped with a fully/partially-connected phase-shifting network composed of active/passive phase-shifters and compare it to that of quantized digital precoders. We introduce a quantized single-user MIMO system model based on an additive quantization noise approximation considering realistic power consumption and loss models to evaluate the spectral and energy efficiencies of the transmit precoding methods. Simulation results show that partially-connected hybrid precoders can be more energy-efficient compared to digital precoders, while fully-connected hybrid precoders exhibit poor energy efficiency in general. Also, the topology of phase-shifting components offers an energy-spectral efficiency trade-off: active phase-shifters provide higher data rates, while passive phase-shifters maintain better energy efficiency.Comment: Published in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processin