OntoAna: Domain Ontology for Human Anatomy

Today, we can find many search engines which provide us with information which is more operational in nature. None of the search engines provide domain specific information. This becomes very troublesome to a novice user who wishes to have information in a particular domain. In this paper, we have developed an ontology which can be used by a domain specific search engine. We have developed an ontology on human anatomy, which captures information regarding cardiovascular system, digestive system, skeleton and nervous system. This information can be used by people working in medical and health care domain.Comment: Proceedings of 5th CSI National Conference on Education and Research. Organized by Lingayay University, Faridabad. Sponsored by Computer Society of India and IEEE Delhi Chapter. Proceedings published by Lingayay University Pres

Extending the Foundational Model of Anatomy with Automatically Acquired Spatial Relations

Formal ontologies have made significant impact in bioscience over the last ten years. Among them, the Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology (FMA) is the most comprehensive model for the spatio-structural representation of human anatomy. In the research project MEDICO we use the FMA as our main source of background knowledge about human anatomy. Our ultimate goals are to use spatial knowledge from the FMA (1) to improve automatic parsing algorithms for 3D volume data sets generated by Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging and (2) to generate semantic annotations using the concepts from the FMA to allow semantic search on medical image repositories. We argue that in this context more spatial relation instances are needed than those currently available in the FMA. In this publication we present a technique for the automatic inductive acquisition of spatial relation instances by generalizing from expert-annotated volume datasets

Towards Context Driven Modularization of Large Biomedical Ontologies

Formal knowledge about human anatomy, radiology or diseases is necessary to support clinical applications such as medical image search. This machine processable knowledge can be acquired from biomedical domain ontologies, which however, are typically very large and complex models. Thus, their straightforward incorporation into the software applications becomes difficult. In this paper we discuss first ideas on a statistical approach for modularizing large medical ontologies and we prioritize the practical applicability aspect. The underlying assumption is that the application relevant ontology fragments, i.e. modules, can be identified by the statistical analysis of the ontology concepts in the domain corpus. Accordingly, we argue that most frequently occurring concepts in the domain corpus define the application context and can therefore potentially yield the relevant ontology modules. We illustrate our approach on an example case that involves a large ontology on human anatomy and report on our first manual experiments

Diagrammatic Reasoning and Modelling in the Imagination: The Secret Weapons of the Scientific Revolution

Just before the Scientific Revolution, there was a "Mathematical Revolution", heavily based on geometrical and machine diagrams. The "faculty of imagination" (now called scientific visualization) was developed to allow 3D understanding of planetary motion, human anatomy and the workings of machines. 1543 saw the publication of the heavily geometrical work of Copernicus and Vesalius, as well as the first Italian translation of Euclid

Andreas Vesalius: Celebrating 500 years of dissecting nature

December 31st, 2014 marked the 500-year anniversary of the birth of Andreas Vesalius. Vesalius, considered as the founder of modern anatomy, had profoundly changed not only human anatomy, but also the intellectual structure of medicine. The impact of his scientific revolution can be recognized even today. In this article we review the life, anatomical work, and achievements of Andreas Vesalius

Classical presentation of Shaarira Rachana w.s.r. to Vedas, Samhitas and other ancient literatures

Ayurveda is considered as traditional Indian medical system which encompasses great knowledge about human anatomy and physiology. Acharya Susruta presented several aspects related to human anatomy along with utility of dissection process. The ancient Acharya of Indian system emphasizes structural organization of human body. Susruta has described anatomical aspects of body in Sharira sthana; this section emphasizes that origin of universe can be correlated with physical and metaphysical state of body. The ancient Acharya presented human body as an extension of the embryo. The classical texts presented several concepts related to the human anatomy (Rachana Shaarira) and this article elaborated same

Demographic and psychological factors influencing academic success in a college level human anatomy course

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the influence of selected demographic and psychological characteristics on the academic achievement of students enrolled in an undergraduate human anatomy course at a research-extensive university in the Southern region of the United States. As health care in the United States becomes increasingly strained due to a decreasing ratio of health care workers, educating more students to fill this gap has become a societal issue. Human anatomy forms the foundation of all health care professions. From the molecular to the macroscopic, anatomy provides a unique and necessary perspective of the human body. This material is necessary for a base of knowledge in medical professions. Thus, the need exists for higher education to identify reasons students succeed or fail in the capstone course of human anatomy. This study’s population was defined as undergraduate students enrolled in a semester-long human anatomy course at a research-extensive university in the fall 2005 and spring 2006 semesters. Data were collected using three researcher-designed instruments based on the literature and course documents. A significantly positive relationship was found between self-efficacy and final grades received in human anatomy. Using regression analysis, college grade point average and self-efficacy were found to account for 7.2% of the variance in final grades of the students in human anatomy. The researcher concluded that self-efficacy can be used as a predictor of final grades in human anatomy. Therefore; the researcher recommended further research to measure levels of self-efficacy at intervals throughout a semester. By doing so, students whose self-efficacy is low can be identified and interventions implemented to aid student success. Interventions recommended were peer tutoring, smaller class size, academic support from the university, and more interaction between students and faculty. Additional recommendations were for higher education administration, educators, and enrollment managers to collectively find ways to help dispel some of the academic angst in future students