Particle Filter with Binary Gaussian Weighting and Support Vector Machine for Human Pose Interpretation

Human pose interpretation using Particle filter with Binary Gaussian Weighting and Support Vector Machine isproposed. In the proposed system, Particle filter is used to track human object, then this human object is skeletonizedusing thinning algorithm and classified using Support Vector Machine. The classification is to identify human pose,whether a normal or abnormal behavior. Here Particle filter is modified through weight calculation using Gaussiandistribution to reduce the computational time. The modified particle filter consists of four main phases. First, particlesare generated to predict target’s location. Second, weight of certain particles is calculated and these particles are used tobuild Gaussian distribution. Third, weight of all particles is calculated based on Gaussian distribution. Fourth, updateparticles based on each weight. The modified particle filter could reduce computational time of object tracking sincethis method does not have to calculate particle’s weight one by one. To calculate weight, the proposed method buildsGaussian distribution and calculates particle’s weight using this distribution. Through experiment using video datataken in front of cashier of convenient store, the proposed method reduced computational time in tracking process until68.34% in average compare to the conventional one, meanwhile the accuracy of tracking with this new method iscomparable with particle filter method i.e. 90.3%. Combination particle filter with binary Gaussian weighting andsupport vector machine is promising for advanced early crime scene investigation

PARTICLE FILTER WITH BINARY GAUSSIAN WEIGHTING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE FOR HUMAN POSE INTERPRETATION

Human pose interpretation using Particle filter with Binary Gaussian Weighting and Support Vector Machine isproposed. In the proposed system, Particle filter is used to track human object, then this human object is skeletonizedusing thinning algorithm and classified using Support Vector Machine. The classification is to identify human pose,whether a normal or abnormal behavior. Here Particle filter is modified through weight calculation using Gaussiandistribution to reduce the computational time. The modified particle filter consists of four main phases. First, particlesare generated to predict target’s location. Second, weight of certain particles is calculated and these particles are used tobuild Gaussian distribution. Third, weight of all particles is calculated based on Gaussian distribution. Fourth, updateparticles based on each weight. The modified particle filter could reduce computational time of object tracking sincethis method does not have to calculate particle’s weight one by one. To calculate weight, the proposed method buildsGaussian distribution and calculates particle’s weight using this distribution. Through experiment using video datataken in front of cashier of convenient store, the proposed method reduced computational time in tracking process until68.34% in average compare to the conventional one, meanwhile the accuracy of tracking with this new method iscomparable with particle filter method i.e. 90.3%. Combination particle filter with binary Gaussian weighting andsupport vector machine is promising for advanced early crime scene investigation.Keywords: particle filter, prediction, skeletonization, support vector machine, updat

SubCMap: subject and condition specific effect maps

Current methods for statistical analysis of neuroimaging data identify condition related structural alterations in the human brain by detecting group differences. They construct detailed maps showing population-wide changes due to a condition of interest. Although extremely useful, methods do not provide information on the subject-specific structural alterations and they have limited diagnostic value because group assignments for each subject are required for the analysis. In this article, we propose SubCMap, a novel method to detect subject and condition specific structural alterations. SubCMap is designed to work without the group assignment information in order to provide diagnostic value. Unlike outlier detection methods, SubCMap detections are condition-specific and can be used to study the effects of various conditions or for diagnosing diseases. The method combines techniques from classification, generalization error estimation and image restoration to the identify the condition-related alterations. Experimental evaluation is performed on synthetically generated data as well as data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Results on synthetic data demonstrate the advantages of SubCMap compared to population-wide techniques and higher detection accuracy compared to outlier detection. Analysis with the ADNI dataset show that SubCMap detections on cortical thickness data well correlate with non-imaging markers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the Mini Mental State Examination Score and Cerebrospinal Fluid amyloid-β levels, suggesting the proposed method well captures the inter-subject variation of AD effects

Automatic solar feature detection using image processing and pattern recognition techniques

The objective of the research in this dissertation is to develop a software system to automatically detect and characterize solar flares, filaments and Corona Mass Ejections (CMEs), the core of so-called solar activity. These tools will assist us to predict space weather caused by violent solar activity. Image processing and pattern recognition techniques are applied to this system. For automatic flare detection, the advanced pattern recognition techniques such as Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used. By tracking the entire process of flares, the motion properties of two-ribbon flares are derived automatically. In the applications of the solar filament detection, the Stabilized Inverse Diffusion Equation (SIDE) is used to enhance and sharpen filaments; a new method for automatic threshold selection is proposed to extract filaments from background; an SVM classifier with nine input features is used to differentiate between sunspots and filaments. Once a filament is identified, morphological thinning, pruning, and adaptive edge linking methods are applied to determine filament properties. Furthermore, a filament matching method is proposed to detect filament disappearance. The automatic detection and characterization of flares and filaments have been successfully applied on Hα full-disk images that are continuously obtained at Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). For automatically detecting and classifying CMEs, the image enhancement, segmentation, and pattern recognition techniques are applied to Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C2 and C3 images. The processed LASCO and BBSO images are saved to file archive, and the physical properties of detected solar features such as intensity and speed are recorded in our database. Researchers are able to access the solar feature database and analyze the solar data efficiently and effectively. The detection and characterization system greatly improves the ability to monitor the evolution of solar events and has potential to be used to predict the space weather

Visual pattern recognition using neural networks

Neural networks have been widely studied in a number of fields, such as neural architectures, neurobiology, statistics of neural network and pattern classification. In the field of pattern classification, neural network models are applied on numerous applications, for instance, character recognition, speech recognition, and object recognition. Among these, character recognition is commonly used to illustrate the feature and classification characteristics of neural networks. In this dissertation, the theoretical foundations of artificial neural networks are first reviewed and existing neural models are studied. The Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) model is improved to achieve more reasonable classification results. Experiments in applying the improved model to image enhancement and printed character recognition are discussed and analyzed. We also study the theoretical foundation of Neocognitron in terms of feature extraction, convergence in training, and shift invariance. We investigate the use of multilayered perceptrons with recurrent connections as the general purpose modules for image operations in parallel architectures. The networks are trained to carry out classification rules in image transformation. The training patterns can be derived from user-defmed transformations or from loading the pair of a sample image and its target image when the prior knowledge of transformations is unknown. Applications of our model include image smoothing, enhancement, edge detection, noise removal, morphological operations, image filtering, etc. With a number of stages stacked up together we are able to apply a series of operations on the image. That is, by providing various sets of training patterns the system can adapt itself to the concatenated transformation. We also discuss and experiment in applying existing neural models, such as multilayered perceptron, to realize morphological operations and other commonly used imaging operations. Some new neural architectures and training algorithms for the implementation of morphological operations are designed and analyzed. The algorithms are proven correct and efficient. The proposed morphological neural architectures are applied to construct the feature extraction module of a personal handwritten character recognition system. The system was trained and tested with scanned image of handwritten characters. The feasibility and efficiency are discussed along with the experimental results

Multimodal Biometrics Enhancement Recognition System based on Fusion of Fingerprint and PalmPrint: A Review

This article is an overview of a current multimodal biometrics research based on fingerprint and palm-print. It explains the pervious study for each modal separately and its fusion technique with another biometric modal. The basic biometric system consists of four stages: firstly, the sensor which is used for enrolmen