Associations between diet quality and intentions to lose weight in an adolescent sample

Background: Adolescents, specifically females, are at risk of body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction can be a predictor of females having intentions to lose weight. Diet quality is often poor among adolescents; however, there is little research about how diet quality is related to weight and intent to lose weight. Purpose: This study assessed the associations between diet quality, measured using the short Healthy Eating Index (sHEI), weight, and intentions to lose weight among adolescent females in one county in the Southeastern United States. Methods: Secondary data collected originally for the Get Fruved high school intervention were used for analyses. Female participants, ages 13 to 19 years (n=242), were included in the sample. Linear regressions were used to assess the associations between BMI, intentions to lose weight and diet quality while controlling for age, and race. Post-regression confirmatory chi-square tests further assessed associations between intentions to lose weight and fruit, vegetables, dairy, added sugar, and saturated fat. Results: No associations were found between intentions to lose weight and female respondents’ diet quality. When stratified by BMI category, there were no significant differences between intentions to lose weight and fruit, vegetable, dairy, saturated fat, and added sugar intake among healthy weight females. However, overweight and obese females who had intentions to lose weight consumed more saturated fat compared to those in the overweight/obese category who did not have intentions to lose weight (p=0.002). Conclusions: Due to the number of statistical tests used to analyze the data, the relationship detected between saturated fat intake and weight status and intention to lose weight should be viewed with caution. The lack of associations found between diet quality, weight and intention to lose weight may indicate that it is possible that adolescents are not changing their diet despite having intentions to change their weight. Adolescents may be engaging in other weight control behaviors other than diet, such as increasing physical activity, or intentions to lose weight may not result in any behavior changes

Wellness Lessons From Transportation Companies, Research Report WP 11-01

The purpose of this report is to describe wellness programs and offer two suggestions for improving how they are delivered to commercial drivers and operators. It is not a large sample empirical study from which generalizations can be made. Rather, the Mineta Transportation Institute commissioned brief case studies of transportation companies to show what several organizations have done. Stress, nicotine use, sleep apnea, obesity and lack of information are significant barriers to wellness in commercial drivers/operators. Many wellness programs ask the individual driver/operator to lose weight; exercise more; and monitor blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol and other such indicators of health. However, little is done to change the environment or adopt structural interventions such as forbidding nicotine use, as is possible in 20 states. Other structural interventions include those possible at the levels of the company and community, including access to healthy food rather than the junk food drivers often can find on the road. At the societal level, more public transit that gets people walking and out of their cars, cities designed for people to walk and cycle in rather than drive from work to a sprawling suburb, and encouraging food manufacturers to make healthy food (rather than a toxic mix of sodium, fat and sugar to boost one’s craving for a particular food) are just a few measures that could improve the health and well being of the public. The Union Pacific Corporation (rail transportation), and Con-way Freight (trucking) are included because they were willing to share information and are large publicly traded companies. The Utah Transit Authority (UTA) is included because other transit authorities recommended it to the authors, as it has a long history in wellness as part of local government and it too chose to participate. Two issues are discussed: the first is the importance of using the mitigation of erectile dysfunction in the promotion of wellness programs to commercial drivers/operators and the second issue is to urge employers to consider banning tobacco use, both on and off the job, where legal

How Do Economic and Political Factors Affect NASA Funding?

The research problem of this study is concerned with the United States’ investment in National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This funding is important for several reasons. Firstly, NASA’s accomplishments provide benefits not only to America, but to the rest of the world. All of humanity can be proud of landing a man on the moon. NASA’s space expeditions are indeed monumental in their own right, but human pride is not the only benefit of NASA. The technological advancements required to make such explorations possible have impacted our daily lives. NASA’s research is directly responsible for the CAT scan, microceramics used to fight cancer, personal water filters, and 1,300 other advances we use every single day. Some of NASA’s inventions are now used to save lives; while others are used to make life a little easier. It is important to understand that NASA is a significant technological agency and providing funding for it implies that America is committed to advancing technology. Our country is beginning to lose its once vast lead as the world leader in technology due to other competing nations and the decreased amount of available funds for NASA. Investing in NASA is important if we are going to maintain our status as a world leader. The question, therefore, is how much are we willing to sacrifice as a country in order to pursue advancements in this industry

Judgment

To judge, in Latin judicare, is to say the law, jus dicere, whence juris-dictio. The above sentence is a possible answer to the question: what is judging? It spells out what the word to judge says, by recalling the history from which the word originates. Why would anyone ask this question? How helpful is such an answer? Everyone knows what it is to judge. Only on the ground of such self-evidence could there be that unabating debate on the \u27 justification of particular judgments, which is the day to day business of lawyering. Only because the question can be passed over can there be controversy regarding the forms and limits of adjudication in general, a preoccupation without which jurisprudence would seem to lose its main occupation. Why ask the question? Precisely because the matter is self-evident. As soon as we examine it a little, confusion begins to set in all over. Monsieur Jourdain likely would be flattered if he knew that logicians employ the word \u27Judgment in its widest sense to designate propositions of all kinds: He has been judging all along, and therefore knows already how to do it. Even Kant follows this usage when he says that we can reduce all acts of the understanding to judgments, and goes on to propose a table that classifies all possible forms of judment into four groups of three (Kritik der reinen Vernunft, * A 67- pages of the same star editions). Could it be that almost all speaking is a saying of law? A little later in the same treatise, however, Kant restricts the sense of \u27Judgment to the act of subsuming under rules, that is, of distinguishing whether something falls under a given rule or not (casus datae legis) (id. A 132-34, B 171-74). This sense is borrowed from lawyerly usage, not from logic, for, as Kant shows, logic has nothing to say regarding this operation. There are, and there can be, no rules regarding the application of rules. If Kant is right, a sizable part of what we take to be law, and almost all jurisprudence, are nothing but a futile striving to overcome this essential unruliness of judgment. How can it be that the saying of law is lawless

Why aren't we talking about the Beano?

The Beano is the world's longest running weekly comic and a central part of British culture, yet it is almost never discussed in British Comics Studies journals or conferences. This paper will use an analysis of journals and past conferences to show how little research and discussion there has been about one of Britain's best-loved comics, especially in comparison to other, supposedly adult, texts. It will examine some of the possible reasons why this might be, including the history of Comics Studies as a field and its ongoing quest for academic respectability. It will also discuss why The Beano - and other ignored childrens' series like The Dandy, Buster, Whizzer and Chips and many more - matters, and what we lose as a field by focusing our energies on so-called "Posh Comics" instead

KRAS mutation in secondary malignant histiocytosis arising from low grade follicular lymphoma

Abstract Background Transformation of follicular lymphoma most typically occurs as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, however other forms of transformation such as classic Hodgkin lymphoma and lymphoblastic transformation can occur. Secondary malignant histiocytosis also represents a rare form of transformation, which is thought to occur due to a process of transdifferentiation whereby the lymphoma cells exhibit lineage plasticity and lose all evidence of B-cell phenotype and instead acquire the phenotype of a histiocytic neoplasm. Little is known about the underlying genetic alterations that occur during this unusual process. Comparative genetic analysis of pre- and post-transformation/transdifferentiation would be one tool by which we could better understand how this phenomenon occurs. Case presentation Here we report the clinical, immunophenotypic and genetic features of a rare case of secondary malignant histiocytosis, Langerhans cell-type (Langerhans cell sarcoma) arising from a previous low grade follicular lymphoma. FISH analysis confirmed the presence of IgH/BCL2 rearrangement in both the low grade follicular lymphoma (FL) and transformed Langerhans cells sarcoma (LCS) samples, demonstrating a clonal relationship. Comparative whole exome sequencing was then performed, which identified a KRAS p.G13D mutation in the LCS that was not present in the FL. Conclusions This report highlights genetic alterations, in particular an acquired somatic KRAS mutation, that may occur during transdifferentiation, with additional significance of KRAS mutation as a possible therapeutic target in cases which otherwise would have limited treatment options.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145736/1/13000_2018_Article_758.pd

Should Scientists Embrace Scientific Realism or Antirealism?

If scientists embrace scientific realism, they can use a scientific theory to explain and predict observables and unobservables. If, however, they embrace scientific antirealism, they cannot use a scientific theory to explain observables and unobservables, and cannot use a scientific theory to predict unobservables. Given that explanation and prediction are means to make scientific progress, scientists can make more scientific progress, if they embrace scientific realism than if they embrace scientific antirealism