Understory 2014

“Art is the struggle to be, in a particular sort of way, virtuous.” —Iris Murdoch Indeed, when we embark on any creative adventure it is with the purpose of conveying a certain truth; an emotion, an idea that brings us together and reminds us of the innate consciousness that dwells within. Understory is emblematic of this; where individuals intent on honing their craft can join others to become a part of something greater, their work immortalized to become a time capsule. Decades from now a volume of Understory may be discovered on a dusty bookshelf in some forgotten corner and the lucky explorer who finds it shall be enlightened by pages of gold. We, as editors of Understory 2014, have worked very hard this year to put together a journal that showcases the very best of the University of Alaska Anchorage undergraduate student work. We hope you enjoy your journey through this issue as much as we have enjoyed ours. Thank you to the English and Art Departments, for the staff and faculty’s unerring support of our club; to Provost Baker, for seeing and believing in the vision of Understory; and to our club’s faculty advisor, Douglass Bourne, for his guidance and tireless assistance. Finally, thank you to the wonderful students who submit such excellent work each year. Without your passion for the arts, we would not be here.Staff / Letter from the Editors / Glass Blower / Writing / Obsolete Evolution / Permafrost / Phoenix / Untitled / Ratio / Tripping / Abiogenesis / My Heart Beats for You / Meeting of the Fingerprint Lines / You Are No Stranger / Nightmare Fuel / Cane-Sugar / Gossamer Strands / Panthera Gold / Butterfly / A Mantis Too Far / Long and Winding Road / Chasing Shadows / Merisunas / Chequer Grove / Modzilla / Beans / Little Red and Mr. Wolf / In Memoriam, Joel Fletcher Armstrong / Glance / Courage / Uranium Waltz / Danger / Journey to the West / Antumbra / Roaring Like a Lion / Pre-boarding / Untitled / How Do You Say a Word / Fishing for Doom/ Contributor

November 2013

News and Features Employees With ‘Attitude’: How to Reverse the Entitlement Attitude of Your Problem- Staffers Sadly, attitude of entitlement is not a rarity in the workforce of today, particularly amongst employees under the age of 30. Fortunately, reversing course with problem staffers is not as difficult as some employers may think. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 There’s No Such Thing as a Bad Idea. (Or Is There?) Generally, there is widespread contempt for the “no bad ideas” notion. Yet authors Rigie and Harmeyer have a different take on it. . . . . . . 6 Top 10 Tips When Audited by the IRS or FTB (in California) Bill Lindsey gives 10 tips that could be a game changer for you if you have just received notice from the IRS or Franchise Tax Board. . . . . . . . . 7 Beyond the Business Plan: “Lucky” 13 Essentials You Won’t Learn in Business School According to authors Michael Houlihan and Bonnie Harvey of the Barefoot Cellars winery, entrepreneurs can be made—you don’t have to be born with that entrepreneurial gift. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Columns Real Estate Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 & 18 Venture Capital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Business Success. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Investments and Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Entrepreneurship. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 The Lists: Long Distance Companies Serving the Inland Empire. . . 10 Interconnect/Telecommunications Firms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Internet Service Providers Serving the Inland Empire. . . 15 Private Aviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Copier, Fax and Business Equipment Retailers. . . . . . . . 29 Computer Column. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Restaurant Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Women in Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 & 40 Financial Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Financial Column. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Manager’s Bookshelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 New Business Lists: County of San Bernardino. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 County of Riverside. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Executive Time Out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Letter from R[obert] U[nderwood] Johnson to John Muir, 1893 Mar 9.

[1][letterhead]1893.March 9.Dear Muir:This is deadly confidential. Irish went to Washington for the Commissioner ship of Public Lands (ye [illegible]!) He will not get it. He will be lucky if he gets any thing outside of Wash. The powers that be have been enlightened as to his Cal. reputation. I have written two letters and J.P. is pretty well [illegible]lated. 01638 [2]I suppose the [Caminetti?] bill failed. I sent the noble report to nearly every member of both Public Lands Committees and I doubt not your telegram finished the business. I’m sorry there isn’t to be an extra session for now no investigating committee can go into Yosemite till a year from next June and the [illegible] will not come up till the short session of 1894-5. You see how important it is for Recession to succeed in your legislature this winter. With Nobles’ reservation as a weapon you could succeed, I think[3][letterhead]As it is, public opinion [must?] be worked up anew. The [iron?] will cool again [& the fire will have to be refired?]. This is going to a [neat?] year for [decent?] things at Washn. & it ought to be at Sacramento But if you cant, you cant. Is there any hope of a new set of Commissioners who will get Olm[illegible]ed’s advice. Of course we 01638 [4]don’t care who manages the Valley if it is done well. I wish you were coming east and could see the new Secy of the Interior on the general policy of managing the new reservations. Come & see me. How about those Alaska articles? With remembrances to Mrs MuirVery cordially yoursR. N. Johnson.The article on you appears in the May No. 9 timed it for the expected extra session when you would be an issue – worth standing by

Letter from R[obert] U[nderwood] Johnson to John Muir, 1893 Mar 9.

[1][letterhead]1893.March 9.Dear Muir:This is deadly confidential. Irish went to Washington for the Commissioner ship of Public Lands (ye [illegible]!) He will not get it. He will be lucky if he gets any thing outside of Wash. The powers that be have been enlightened as to his Cal. reputation. I have written two letters and J.P. is pretty well [illegible]lated. 01638 [2]I suppose the [Caminetti?] bill failed. I sent the noble report to nearly every member of both Public Lands Committees and I doubt not your telegram finished the business. I’m sorry there isn’t to be an extra session for now no investigating committee can go into Yosemite till a year from next June and the [illegible] will not come up till the short session of 1894-5. You see how important it is for Recession to succeed in your legislature this winter. With Nobles’ reservation as a weapon you could succeed, I think[3][letterhead]As it is, public opinion [must?] be worked up anew. The [iron?] will cool again [& the fire will have to be refired?]. This is going to a [neat?] year for [decent?] things at Washn. & it ought to be at Sacramento But if you cant, you cant. Is there any hope of a new set of Commissioners who will get Olm[illegible]ed’s advice. Of course we 01638 [4]don’t care who manages the Valley if it is done well. I wish you were coming east and could see the new Secy of the Interior on the general policy of managing the new reservations. Come & see me. How about those Alaska articles? With remembrances to Mrs MuirVery cordially yoursR. N. Johnson.The article on you appears in the May No. 9 timed it for the expected extra session when you would be an issue – worth standing by

Letter from R[obert] U[nderwood] Johnson to John Muir, 1893 Mar 9.

[1][letterhead]1893.March 9.Dear Muir:This is deadly confidential. Irish went to Washington for the Commissioner ship of Public Lands (ye [illegible]!) He will not get it. He will be lucky if he gets any thing outside of Wash. The powers that be have been enlightened as to his Cal. reputation. I have written two letters and J.P. is pretty well [illegible]lated. 01638 [2]I suppose the [Caminetti?] bill failed. I sent the noble report to nearly every member of both Public Lands Committees and I doubt not your telegram finished the business. I’m sorry there isn’t to be an extra session for now no investigating committee can go into Yosemite till a year from next June and the [illegible] will not come up till the short session of 1894-5. You see how important it is for Recession to succeed in your legislature this winter. With Nobles’ reservation as a weapon you could succeed, I think[3][letterhead]As it is, public opinion [must?] be worked up anew. The [iron?] will cool again [& the fire will have to be refired?]. This is going to a [neat?] year for [decent?] things at Washn. & it ought to be at Sacramento But if you cant, you cant. Is there any hope of a new set of Commissioners who will get Olm[illegible]ed’s advice. Of course we 01638 [4]don’t care who manages the Valley if it is done well. I wish you were coming east and could see the new Secy of the Interior on the general policy of managing the new reservations. Come & see me. How about those Alaska articles? With remembrances to Mrs MuirVery cordially yoursR. N. Johnson.The article on you appears in the May No. 9 timed it for the expected extra session when you would be an issue – worth standing by

How does prior lucky event affect individual’s risk taking preference?

We conducted a controlled experiment with Philippines domestic helpers and Lingnan undergraduate students to study if prior “lucky” event will increase their risk-taking behaviour. The major finding from our study is that prior lucky events do increase risk-taking behaviour among Philippines domestic helpers but not for students. Our study also found out that there are inconsistent behaviour of interviewees while choosing for options indicating their risk preference and this degree of inconsistency is greater among the Philippines group compared to the students group

How do Pasifika students reason about probability? Some findings from Fiji.

This paper reports on data from a large study which explored form five (14 to 16 years old) students' ideas in statistics. The study focused on descriptive statistics, graphical representations and probability. This paper discusses the ways in which students made sense of probability questions obtained from the individual interviews. The findings revealed that many of the students used strategies based on prior experiences (beliefs, cultural and school experiences) and intuitive strategies. From the analysis, I identified a four-category rubric that could be considered for describing how students construct meanings for statistics tasks. While the results of the study confirm a number of findings of other researchers, the findings go beyond those discussed in the literature. The use of beliefs and everyday and school experiences was considerably more common than that discussed in literature. The paper concludes by suggesting some implications for teachers and researchers

Aristotle on Constitutive, Developmental, and Resultant Moral Luck

This chapter offers a definition of luck from Aristotle's Physics, considers how this definition of luck from the Physics relates to Aristotle's treatment of luck in his works on ethics and the good life, as well as how it compares with the modern understanding of moral luck