80,502 research outputs found
Why We Fight: How Public Schools Cause Social Conflict
It is all too often assumed that public education as we typically think of it today -- schooling provided and controlled by government -- constitutes the "foundation of American democracy." Such schooling, it is argued, has taken people of immensely varied ethnic, religious, and racial backgrounds and molded them into Americans who are both unified and free. Public schooling, it is assumed, has been the gentle flame beneath the great American melting pot. Unfortunately, the reality is very different from those idealized assumptions. Indeed, rather than bringing people together, public schooling often forces people of disparate backgrounds and beliefs into political combat. This paper tracks almost 150 such incidents in the 2005-06 school year alone. Whether over the teaching of evolution, the content of library books, religious expression in the schools, or several other common points of contention, conflict was constant in American public education last year. Such conflict, however, is not peculiar to the last school year, nor is it a recent phenomenon. Throughout American history, public schooling has produced political disputes, animosity, and sometimes even bloodshed between diverse people. Such clashes are inevitable in government-run schooling because all Americans are required to support the public schools, but only those with the most political power control them. Political -- and sometimes even physical -- conflict has thus been an inescapable public schooling reality. To end the fighting caused by state-run schooling, we should transform our system from one in which government establishes and controls schools, to one in which individual parents are empowered to select schools that share their moral values and educational goals for their children
Les autres MĂ©tis : the English MĂ©tis of the Prince Albert settlement 1862-1886
In the mid-nineteenth century MĂ©tis society re-established itself west of Red River in the Saskatchewan country. This thesis tells the long overlooked story of the English MĂ©tis of the Prince Albert Settlement, beginning with James Isbisterâs initial farm in 1862 and the wave of MĂ©tis who followed him west in search of a better life. Questions of Identity, Politics, and Religion are answered to place the English MĂ©tis in the historical context of the MĂ©tis nation and the events of the Canadian stateâs institutional expansion onto the Western prairies. The place of the English MĂ©tis vis-Ă -vis their French, First Nations, and Euro-Canadian neighbours is examined, as are their attempts to secure a land base and continued collective identity under pressures from hostile state and economic forces. Their importance in the events of the period which would have long lasting national and local significance is also examined. A survey of the community and the changes it went through is given from the initial settlement period to the dissolution of the English MĂ©tis as a recognizable collective force following Louis Rielâs uprising
Paradise Lost Revisited: GM and the UAW in Historical Perspective
Purpose Analysis of historic relationship between GM and Union of Automobile Workers (UAW) from 1936 through the moment of bankruptcy of GM in 2009. How can this historic relationship be explained from the viewpoint of evolving labor and industrial relations in the US?
Design/methodology/approach Historical and comparative analyses. Secondary analysis.
Findings Over time the relationship has been a dynamic and flexible one. In the first decades the most important objective of the UAW was the recognition of the union by GM. From the second half of the 1940s until the 1970s the main attention of both parties shifted towards a dynamic wage policy. Finally, from the 1970s onwards the safeguarding of job security became the main objective of the UAW, whereas GM tried to maximize its room of maneuver to transform its Fordist production system into a more flexible one.
Research limitations/implications The present study provides a starting point for further in-depth research towards the historic relationship between GM & the UAW.
Originality/value Longitudinal approach of development of labor-management relationship between two opposite parties in differing economic and technological contexts
Breaking the mould? Whiteness, masculinity, Welshness, working-classness and rugby league in Wales
Traditionally, rugby in Wales has meant rugby union, the once-amateur, fifteen-a-side code that has a long history of working-class, male involvement in the Valleys of South Wales (Williams, G., 1985). In recent years, however, rugby union has been joined in South Wales by the non-traditionally Welsh sport of rugby league. Once upon a time, rugby league was the sport that âboughtâ Welsh rugby players who went north (Collins, 2006). Rugby league has now expanded into Wales, developing its version of the rugby code. After a series of (historical) false starts, Welsh rugby league emerged in the 1990s as a sustainable participation sport. Two professional rugby league clubs have been established in Wales (Crusaders in Wrexham and the South Wales Scorpions), and a number of amateur rugby league clubs are now playing in the summer-based Rugby League Conference.
But why would anyone in Wales watch, and actively support, rugby league? What does it say about contemporary leisure choices, social identity and nationalism? In this paper, we explore the ways in which rugby league has penetrated the rugby union heartlands of Wales, and how the individuals who support Welsh rugby league (the players, the fans, the administrators) see their own Welshness in relation to their support of the âotherâ rugby. We have interviewed Welsh rugby league enthusiasts at two periods in Welsh rugby leagueâs recent history: the high point of the Crusaders move to North Wales in the Super League, and the low point of the clubâs resignation from the elite league and its resurrection in the lowest division of professional rugby league. For many rugby league fans the desire on the part of Welsh people to develop rugby league in Wales â supported by the Rugby Football League, the national governing body of rugby league in England, which works closely with the Wales Rugby League â is dismissed as an expensive nonsense by northern English fans on on-line forums and in the letters pages of rugby league newspapers. Yet those letters pages also show evidence of Welsh pride in their rugby league clubs, and Welsh pride in being part of rugby leagueâs âimaginary communityâ (Spracklen, Timmins and Long, 2010):
I read with incredulity the letter by Phil Taylor in last weekâs League Express. Mister Taylor stated that âthe most important criterion for a Super league licence should be the proximity of the M62â [to the club]⊠Perhaps Mister Taylor should venture a little further from his âshoe box in the middle of the M62â. I live in rural Carmarthenshire⊠A few friends and I decided to follow the Celtic Crusaders, which involved a 100 mile round trip for home matches down another motorway, the M4.â
(Nic Day, letter to League Express, 2765, 27 June 2011, p. 35)
The following section is a literature review on Welshness, community, masculinity and rugby union. After that, we briefly discuss our methods and then introduce some important history and policy context around rugby league in the north of England and Wales. The rest of the chapter is built around the issues raised by our respondents and our critical analysis and discussion. We will show that the adoption of rugby league is associated with two separate trends: an awareness of and identification with its northern, working-class roots, its anti-London rhetoric and its ideology of toughness and resistance; and a rationalisation that league is just another form of rugby, in which traditional Welsh maleness can be protected. Both of these trends allow the whiteness of Welsh rugby union and of Welshness itself (like the whiteness of northern English rugby league and traditional northern identity â see Spracklen, Long and Timmins, 2010) to go un-noticed and unchallenged
Fifth Freedom, 1978-10-01
N.Y.S. Gay Groups Meet In Buffalo: pg1
Confessions Of A Gay Lobbyist: pg1
Dignity Celebrates Second Anniversary: pg2
Word Was Out, 5th Freedom Wasn\u27t: pg2
Short Shots: pg3
Men\u27s Liberation In Buffalo: pg4
Coming Out At Work: pg4
Bart Cockhold: pg4
Review, The Gay Gatsby: pg5
Gays And Religion: Three Personal Reflections: pg6
How Does Your Garden Grow: pg8
Disco Noise: pg8
SELections: pg9
From Our Mailbag: pg9
Bart Cockhold: pg10
Classified: pg10
Gay Directory: pg11https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/fifthfreedom/1053/thumbnail.jp
The achievement of female suffrage in Europe: on womenâs citizenship
This article lays out the theoretical framing underlying the gendered construction of citizenship
in Western political thought during the transition to modernity; describes the relevant
actors in the fight for female suffrage and the impact that the separate spheres of
ideology had on both the narratives supporting and resisting female suffrage, and on the
selective and piecemeal way in which suffrage was eventually won by women in European
countries. Furthermore, it identifies the main factors accounting for womenâs earlier or
later achievement of suffrage in different European nations and, exploring the connection
between womenâs access to voting rights and to civil and social rights, it retells a story of
womenâs citizenship which is an inverted image of that developed by T.H. Marshall on the
basis of the male paradigm. It finally brings us to the present to discuss the persistent political
under-representation of women in Europe, as well as a growing awareness about the need to
ensure womenâs full citizenship through measures that seek the incorporation of women in
male spheres of power and the disestablishment of the sexual contract, something which the
historical conquest of suffrage could not achieve by itself
Labor Conditions in the Tajikistan Cotton Industry
This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.ILRF_TajikistanCottonLaborConditions_2007.pdf: 635 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020
The Ithacan, 1982-02-11
https://digitalcommons.ithaca.edu/ithacan_1981-82/1015/thumbnail.jp
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