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Robust H2/H∞-state estimation for systems with error variance constraints: the continuous-time case
Copyright [1999] IEEE. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of Brunel University's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.The paper is concerned with the state estimator design problem for perturbed linear continuous-time systems with H∞ norm and variance constraints. The perturbation is assumed to be time-invariant and norm-bounded and enters into both the state and measurement matrices. The problem we address is to design a linear state estimator such that, for all admissible measurable perturbations, the variance of the estimation error of each state is not more than the individual prespecified value, and the transfer function from disturbances to error state outputs satisfies the prespecified H∞ norm upper bound constraint, simultaneously. Existence conditions of the desired estimators are derived in terms of Riccati-type matrix inequalities, and the analytical expression of these estimators is also presented. A numerical example is provided to show the directness and effectiveness of the proposed design approac
Norm Based Optimally Robust Control of Constrained Discrete Time Linear Systems
Most realistic control problems involve both some type of time-domain constraints and model uncertainty. However, the majority of controller design procedures currently available focus only on one aspect of the problem, with only a handful of method capable of simultaneously addressing, albeit in a limited fashion, both issues. In this paper we propose a simple design procedure that takes explicitly into account both time domain constraints and model uncertainty. Specifically, we use a operator norm approach to define a simple robustness measure for constrained systems. The available degrees of freedom are then used to optimize this measure subject to additional performance specifications. We believe that the results presented here provide a useful new approach for designing controllers capable of yielding good performance under substantial uncertainty while meeting design constraints
Finite-time behavior of inner systems
In this paper, we investigate how nonminimum phase characteristics of a dynamical system affect its controllability and tracking properties. For the class of linear time-invariant dynamical systems, these characteristics are determined by transmission zeros of the inner factor of the system transfer function. The relation between nonminimum phase zeros and Hankel singular values of inner systems is studied and it is shown how the singular value structure of a suitably defined operator provides relevant insight about system invertibility and achievable tracking performance. The results are used to solve various tracking problems both on finite as well as on infinite time horizons. A typical receding horizon control scheme is considered and new conditions are derived to guarantee stabilizability of a receding horizon controller
Online-Computation Approach to Optimal Control of Noise-Affected Nonlinear Systems with Continuous State and Control Spaces
© 2007 EUCA.A novel online-computation approach to optimal control of nonlinear, noise-affected systems with continuous state and control spaces is presented. In the proposed algorithm, system noise is explicitly incorporated into the control decision. This leads to superior results compared to state-of-the-art nonlinear controllers that neglect this influence. The solution of an optimal nonlinear controller for a corresponding deterministic system is employed to find a meaningful state space restriction. This restriction is obtained by means of approximate state prediction using the noisy system equation. Within this constrained state space, an optimal closed-loop solution for a finite decision-making horizon (prediction horizon) is determined within an adaptively restricted optimization space. Interleaving stochastic dynamic programming and value function approximation yields a solution to the considered optimal control problem. The enhanced performance of the proposed discrete-time controller is illustrated by means of a scalar example system. Nonlinear model predictive control is applied to address approximate treatment of infinite-horizon problems by the finite-horizon controller
State-Space Quantization Design for the Suboptimal Control of Constrained Systems Using Neuromorphic Controllers
During the last few years there has been considerable interest in the use of trainable controllers based upon the use of neuron-like elements, with the expectation being that these controllers can be trained, with relatively little effort, to achieve good performance. However, good performance hinges on the ability of the neural net to generate a "good" control law even when the input does not belong to the training set, and it has been shown that neural-nets do not necessarily generalize well. It has been proposed that this problem can be solved by essentially quantizing the state-space and then using a neural-net to implement a table look-up procedure. However, there is little information on the effect of this quantization upon the controllability properties of the system. In this paper we address this problem by extending the theory of control of constrained systems to the case where the controls and measured states are restricted to finite or countably infinite sets. These results provide the theoretical framework for recently suggested neuromorphic controllers but they are also valuable for analyzing the controllability properties of computer-based control systems
A stable model predictive control algorithm without terminal weighting
The introduction of terminal penalty in the performance index and the usage of the
concept of terminal regions now become common practice in Model Predictive Control
(MPC) for guaranteeing its stability. However, it is quite difficult and conservative to
propagate the influence of disturbances and uncertainties from an initial state to the
terminal state, in particular, when the predictive horizon is long. This paper presents a
new stable MPC algorithm where the additional weighting on the first state rather than on
the terminal state in the horizon is imposed. Furthermore, a new tuning knob is
introduced in the performance index, which can be used to trade off between disturbance
attenuation/robustness and stability. It is shown that in the absence of disturbances and
uncertainties, the new MPC algorithm achieves the similar performance as current
terminal weighting based MPC algorithms. However, it exhibits much better disturbance
attenuation ability and robustness against uncertainties. The proposed method is
favorably compared with terminal weighting based MPC algorithms by a numerical
example
U-model enhanced dynamic control of a heavy oil pyrolysis/cracking furnace
This paper proposes a case study in the control of a heavy oil pyrolysis/cracking furnace with a newly extended U-Model based Pole Placement Controller (U-PPC). The major work of the paper includes: 1. establishing a control oriented nonlinear dynamic model with Naphtha cracking and thermal dynamics, 2. analysing a U-model (i.e. control oriented prototype) representation of various popular process model sets, 3. designing the new U-PPC to enhance the control performance in pole placement and stabilisation, 4) taking computational bench tests to demonstrate the control system design and performance with a user-friendly step by step procedure
End-point parametrization and guaranteed stability for a model predictive control scheme
In this paper we consider the closed-loop asymptotic stability of the model predictive control scheme which involves the minimization of a quadratic criterion with a varying weight on the end-point state. In particular, we investigate the stability properties of the (MPC-) controlled system as function of the end-point penalty and provide a useful parametrization of the class of end-point penalties for which stability of the controlled system can be guaranteed. The results are successfully applied for the implementation of an MPC controller of a binary distillation proces
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