FUZZY IN LEAN TO EVALUATE THE DECISION DEGREE

The research aims to structure hierarchically an approach about the importance in decision making processes in the organizational environment, facilitating the applicability of Lean principles. The proposal was carried out using the Fuzzy - Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). We used the parity and individual matrices between three managers and nine supervisor’s experts in production through individual questionnaire application and focal group. The answers were collected through the categorical application, where the moderator role was conducted by the researchers themselves with six constructs and 33 subconstructs in three companies from different branches, having characteristics closely related in the manufacturing sector. As results about the companies’ operations and processes, the values that obtained the highest degree of importance were the management construct (23%); capacity (22%) and costs (20%). We conclude for Lean principles these three factors have a 65% impact degree on decisions.Keywords: FAHP. Lean. Manufacturing. Decision Making Processes. Production.RESUMOA pesquisa buscou estruturar hierarquicamente uma abordagem sobre a importância em processos decisórios no âmbito organizacional, facilitando a aplicabilidade dos princípios Lean. A proposta transcorreu com o auxílio analítico de Fuzzy – Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Desse modo, utilizou-se das matrizes paritárias e individuais entre três gestores e nove supervisores especialistas em produção utilizando técnicas de aplicação de questionário individual e grupo focal respectivamente. As respostas foram coletadas por meio da aplicação categórica, no qual o papel de moderador foi realizado pelos pesquisadores, com seis constructos e 33 subconstructos em três empresas de ramos diferentes, mas com características do setor manufatureiras fortemente relacionadas. Como respostas sobre as operações e processos das indústrias no âmbito atual, os valores que obtiveram maior grau de importância foram o constructo gestão (23%); capacidade (22%) e custos (20%). Conclui-se que, para princípios Lean, estes três fatores engajados impactam em um grau de 65% nas decisões.Palavras-chave: FAHP. Lean. Manufatureiras. Processos Decisórios. Produção

Are coalitions needed when classifiers make decisions?

Cooperation and coalitions’ formation are usually the preferred behavior when conflict situation occurs in real life. The question arises: is this approach should also be used when an ensemble of classifiers makes decisions? In this paper different approaches to classification based on dispersed knowledge are analysed and compared. The first group of approaches does not generate coalitions. Each local classifier generate a classification vector based on the local table, and then one of the most popular fusion methods is used (the sum method or the maximum method). In addition, the approach in which the final classification is made by the strongest classifier is analysed. The second group of approaches uses a coalitions creating method. The final classification is generated based on the coalitions’ predictions by using the two, mentioned above, fusion methods. In addition, the approach is analysed in which the final classification is made by the strongest coalition. For both groups of approaches, with and without coalitions, methods based on the maximum correlation and methods based on the covering rules are considered. The main conclusion that is made in this article is as follows. When classifiers generate fair and rational classification vectors, it is better to consider a coalition-based approach and the fusion method that collectively takes into account all vectors generated by classifiers