9,508 research outputs found
Learning Compositional Visual Concepts with Mutual Consistency
Compositionality of semantic concepts in image synthesis and analysis is
appealing as it can help in decomposing known and generatively recomposing
unknown data. For instance, we may learn concepts of changing illumination,
geometry or albedo of a scene, and try to recombine them to generate physically
meaningful, but unseen data for training and testing. In practice however we
often do not have samples from the joint concept space available: We may have
data on illumination change in one data set and on geometric change in another
one without complete overlap. We pose the following question: How can we learn
two or more concepts jointly from different data sets with mutual consistency
where we do not have samples from the full joint space? We present a novel
answer in this paper based on cyclic consistency over multiple concepts,
represented individually by generative adversarial networks (GANs). Our method,
ConceptGAN, can be understood as a drop in for data augmentation to improve
resilience for real world applications. Qualitative and quantitative
evaluations demonstrate its efficacy in generating semantically meaningful
images, as well as one shot face verification as an example application.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, CVPR 201
Computational Cognitive Models of Summarization Assessment Skills
This paper presents a general computational cognitive model of the way a summary is assessed by teachers. It is based on models of two subprocesses: determining the importance of sentences and guessing the cognitive rules that the student may have used. All models are based on Latent Semantic Analysis, a computational model of the representation of the meaning of words and sentences. Models' performances are compared with data from an experiment conducted with 278 middle school students. The general model was implemented in a learning environment designed for helping students to write summaries
Improving location prediction services for new users with probabilistic latent semantic analysis
Location prediction systems that attempt to determine the mobility patterns of individuals in their daily lives have become increasingly common in recent years. Approaches to this prediction task include eigenvalue decomposition [5], non-linear time series analysis of arrival times [10], and variable order Markov models [1]. However, these approachesall assume sufficient sets of training data. For new users, by definition, this data is typically not available, leading to poor predictive performance. Given that mobility is a highly personal behaviour, this represents a significant barrier to entry. Against this background, we present a novel framework to enhance prediction using information about the mobility habits of existing users. At the core of the framework is a hierarchical Bayesian model, a type of probabilistic semantic analysis [7], representing the intuition that the temporal features of the new user’s location habits are likely to be similar to those of an existing user in the system. We evaluate this framework on the real life location habits of 38 users in the Nokia Lausanne dataset, showing that accuracy is improved by 16%, relative to the state of the art, when predicting the next location of new users
Quantum Interaction Approach in Cognition, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
The mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics has been successfully
employed in the last years to model situations in which the use of classical
structures gives rise to problematical situations, and where typically quantum
effects, such as 'contextuality' and 'entanglement', have been recognized. This
'Quantum Interaction Approach' is briefly reviewed in this paper focusing, in
particular, on the quantum models that have been elaborated to describe how
concepts combine in cognitive science, and on the ensuing identification of a
quantum structure in human thought. We point out that these results provide
interesting insights toward the development of a unified theory for meaning and
knowledge formalization and representation. Then, we analyze the technological
aspects and implications of our approach, and a particular attention is devoted
to the connections with symbolic artificial intelligence, quantum computation
and robotics.Comment: 10 page
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