24,105 research outputs found
The Biosemiotic Approach in Biology : Theoretical Bases and Applied Models
Biosemiotics is a growing fi eld that investigates semiotic processes in the living realm in an attempt to combine the fi ndings of the biological sciences and semiotics. Semiotic processes are more or less what biologists have typically referred to as â signals, â â codes, âand â information processing âin biosystems, but these processes are here understood under the more general notion of semiosis, that is, the production, action, and interpretation of signs. Thus, biosemiotics can be seen as biology interpreted as a study of living sign systems â which also means that semiosis or sign process can be seen as the very nature of life itself. In other words, biosemiotics is a field of research investigating semiotic processes (meaning, signification, communication, and habit formation in living systems) and the physicochemical preconditions for sign action and interpretation.
(...
Visual analytics in FCA-based clustering
Visual analytics is a subdomain of data analysis which combines both human
and machine analytical abilities and is applied mostly in decision-making and
data mining tasks. Triclustering, based on Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), was
developed to detect groups of objects with similar properties under similar
conditions. It is used in Social Network Analysis (SNA) and is a basis for
certain types of recommender systems. The problem of triclustering algorithms
is that they do not always produce meaningful clusters. This article describes
a specific triclustering algorithm and a prototype of a visual analytics
platform for working with obtained clusters. This tool is designed as a testing
frameworkis and is intended to help an analyst to grasp the results of
triclustering and recommender algorithms, and to make decisions on
meaningfulness of certain triclusters and recommendations.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 algorithms, 3rd International Conference on
Analysis of Images, Social Networks and Texts (AIST'2014). in Supplementary
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Analysis of Images, Social
Networks and Texts (AIST 2014), Vol. 1197, CEUR-WS.org, 201
Mining Biclusters of Similar Values with Triadic Concept Analysis
Biclustering numerical data became a popular data-mining task in the
beginning of 2000's, especially for analysing gene expression data. A bicluster
reflects a strong association between a subset of objects and a subset of
attributes in a numerical object/attribute data-table. So called biclusters of
similar values can be thought as maximal sub-tables with close values. Only few
methods address a complete, correct and non redundant enumeration of such
patterns, which is a well-known intractable problem, while no formal framework
exists. In this paper, we introduce important links between biclustering and
formal concept analysis. More specifically, we originally show that Triadic
Concept Analysis (TCA), provides a nice mathematical framework for
biclustering. Interestingly, existing algorithms of TCA, that usually apply on
binary data, can be used (directly or with slight modifications) after a
preprocessing step for extracting maximal biclusters of similar values.Comment: Concept Lattices and their Applications (CLA) (2011
A semiotic analysis of the genetic information
Terms loaded with informational connotations are often employed to refer to genes and their dynamics. Indeed, genes are usually perceived by biologists as basically âthe carriers of hereditary information.â Nevertheless, a number of researchers consider such talk as inadequate and âjust metaphorical,â thus expressing a skepticism about the use of the term âinformationâ and its derivatives in biology as a natural science. First, because the meaning of that term in biology is not as precise as it is, for instance, in the mathematical theory of communication. Second, because it seems to refer to a purported semantic property of genes without theoretically clarifying if any genuinely intrinsic semantics is involved. Biosemiotics, a field that attempts to analyze biological systems as semiotic systems, makes it possible to advance in the understanding of the concept of information in biology. From the perspective of Peircean biosemiotics, we develop here an account of genes as signs, including a detailed analysis of two fundamental processes in the genetic information system (transcription and protein synthesis) that have not been made so far in this field of research. Furthermore, we propose here an account of information based on Peircean semiotics and apply it to our analysis of transcription and protein synthesis
Restoring the structural status of keys through DFT phase space
One of the reasons for the widely felt influence of Schenkerâs theory is his idea of long-range voice-leading structure. However, an implicit premise, that voice leading is necessarily a relationship between chords, leads Schenker to a reductive method that undermines the structural status of keys. This leads to analytical mistakes as demonstrated by Schenkerâs analysis of Brahmsâs Second Cello Sonata. Using a spatial concept of harmony based on DFT phase space, this paper shows that Schenkerâs implicit premise is in fact incorrect: it is possible to model long-range voice-leading relationships between objects other than chords. The concept of voice leading derived from DFT phases is explained by means of triadic orbits. Triadic orbits are then applied in an analysis of Beethovenâs Heiliger Dankgesang, giving a way to understand the ostensibly âLydianâ tonality and the tonal relationship between the chorale sections and âNeue Kraftâ sections
Semiosis and pragmatism: toward a dynamic concept of meaning
Philosophers and social scientists of diverse orientations have suggested that the pragmatics of semiosis is germane to a dynamic account of meaning as process. Semiosis, the central focus of C. S. Peirce's pragmatic philosophy, may hold a key to perennial problems regarding meaning. Indeed, Peirce's thought should be deemed seminal when placed within the cognitive sciences, especially with respect to his concept of the sign. According to Peirce's pragmatic model, semiosis is a triadic, time-bound, context-sensitive, interpreter-dependent, materially extended dynamic process. Semiosis involves inter-relatedness and inter-action between signs, their objects, acts and events in the world, and the semiotic agents who are in the process of making and taking them
A scalable mining of frequent quadratic concepts in d-folksonomies
Folksonomy mining is grasping the interest of web 2.0 community since it
represents the core data of social resource sharing systems. However, a
scrutiny of the related works interested in mining folksonomies unveils that
the time stamp dimension has not been considered. For example, the wealthy
number of works dedicated to mining tri-concepts from folksonomies did not take
into account time dimension. In this paper, we will consider a folksonomy
commonly composed of triples and we shall consider the
time as a new dimension. We motivate our approach by highlighting the battery
of potential applications. Then, we present the foundations for mining
quadri-concepts, provide a formal definition of the problem and introduce a new
efficient algorithm, called QUADRICONS for its solution to allow for mining
folksonomies in time, i.e., d-folksonomies. We also introduce a new closure
operator that splits the induced search space into equivalence classes whose
smallest elements are the quadri-minimal generators. Carried out experiments on
large-scale real-world datasets highlight good performances of our algorithm
- âŠ