374 research outputs found
Performance analysis of diversity techniques in wireless communication systems: Cooperative systems with CCI and MIMO-OFDM systems
This Dissertation analyzes the performance of ecient digital commu- nication systems, the performance analysis includes the bit error rate (BER) of dier- ent binary and M-ary modulation schemes, and the average channel capacity (ACC) under dierent adaptive transmission protocols, namely, the simultaneous power and rate adaptation protocol (OPRA), the optimal rate with xed power protocol (ORA), the channel inversion with xed rate protocol (CIFR), and the truncated channel in- version with xed transmit power protocol (CTIFR). In this dissertation, BER and ACC performance of interference-limited dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) relay- ing cooperative systems with co-channel interference (CCI) at both the relay and destination nodes is analyzed in small-scale multipath Nakagami-m fading channels with arbitrary (integer as well as non-integer) values of m. This channel condition is assumed for both the desired signal as well as co-channel interfering signals. In addition, the practical case of unequal average fading powers between the two hops is assumed in the analysis. The analysis assumes an arbitrary number of indepen- dent and non-identically distributed (i.n.i.d.) interfering signals at both relay (R) and destination (D) nodes. Also, the work extended to the case when the receiver employs the maximum ratio combining (MRC) and the equal gain combining (EGC) schemes to exploit the diversity gain
Channel estimation techniques for next generation mobile communication systems
Mención Internacional en el título de doctorWe are witnessing a revolution in wireless technology, where the society is demanding new
services, such as smart cities, autonomous vehicles, augmented reality, etc. These challenging
services not only are demanding an enormous increase of data rates in the range of 1000 times
higher, but also they are real-time applications with an important delay constraint. Furthermore,
an unprecedented number of different machine-type devices will be also connected to the network,
known as Internet of Things (IoT), where they will be transmitting real-time measurements from
different sensors. In this context, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has already
developed the new Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile communication systems, which should be
capable of satisfying all the requirements. Hence, 5G will provide three key aspects, such as:
enhanced mobile broad-band (eMBB) services, massive machine type communications (mMTC)
and ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC).
In order to accomplish all the mentioned requirements, it is important to develop new key
radio technologies capable of exploiting the wireless environment with a higher efficiency. Orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is the most widely used waveform by the industry,
however, it also exhibits high side lobes reducing considerably the spectral efficiency. Therefore,
filter-bank multi-carrier combined with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM)
is a waveform candidate to replace OFDM due to the fact that it provides extremely low out-ofband
emissions (OBE). The traditional spectrum frequencies range is close to saturation, thus,
there is a need to exploit higher bands, such as millimeter waves (mm-Wave), making possible the
deployment of ultra broad-band services. However, the high path loss in these bands increases the
blockage probability of the radio-link, forcing us to use massive multiple-input multiple-output
(MIMO) systems in order to increase either the diversity or capacity of the overall link.
All these emergent radio technologies can make 5G a reality. However, all their benefits can be
only exploited under the knowledge and availability of the channel state information (CSI) in order
to compensate the effects produced by the channel. The channel estimation process is a well known
procedure in the area of signal processing for communications, where it is a challenging task due to the fact that we have to obtain a good estimator, maintaining at the same time the efficiency and
reduced complexity of the system and obtaining the results as fast as possible. In FBMC-OQAM,
there are several proposed channel estimation techniques, however, all of them required a high
number of operations in order to deal with the self-interference produced by the prototype filter,
hence, increasing the complexity. The existing channel estimation and equalization techniques for
massive MIMO are in general too complex due to the large number of antennas, where we must
estimate the channel response of each antenna of the array and perform some prohibitive matrix
inversions to obtain the equalizers. Besides, for the particular case of mm-Wave, the existing
techniques either do not adapt well to the dynamic ranges of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenarios
or they assume some approximations which reduce the quality of the estimator.
In this thesis, we focus on the channel estimation for different emerging techniques that are
capable of obtaining a better performance with a lower number of operations, suitable for low complexity
devices and for URLLC. Firstly, we proposed new pilot sequences for FBMC-OQAM
enabling the use of a simple averaging process in order to obtain the CSI. We show that our
technique outperforms the existing ones in terms of complexity and performance. Secondly, we
propose an alternative low-complexity way of computing the precoding/postcoding equalizer under
the scenario of massive MIMO, keeping the quality of the estimator. Finally, we propose a new
channel estimation technique for massive MIMO for mm-Wave, capable of adapting to very variable
scenarios in terms of SNR and outperforming the existing techniques. We provide some analysis
of the mean squared error (MSE) and complexity of each proposed technique. Furthermore,
some numerical results are given in order to provide a better understanding of the problem and
solutions.Programa de Doctorado en Multimedia y Comunicaciones por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid y la Universidad Rey Juan CarlosPresidente: Antonia María Tulino.- Secretario: Máximo Morales Céspedes.- Vocal: Octavia A. Dobr
Scalable System Design for Covert MIMO Communications
In modern communication systems, bandwidth is a limited commodity. Bandwidth efficient systems are needed to meet the demands of the ever-increasing amount of data that users share. Of particular interest is the U.S. Military, where high-resolution pictures and video are used and shared. In these environments, covert communications are necessary while still providing high data rates. The promise of multi-antenna systems providing higher data rates has been shown on a small scale, but limitations in hardware prevent large systems from being implemented
OFDM Channel Estimation Along with Denoising Approach under Small SNR Environment using SSA
In this paper, a de-noising approach in conjunction
with channel estimation (CE) algorithm for OFDM systems using
singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is presented. In the proposed
algorithm, the initial CE is computed with the aid of traditional
linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) algorithm, and
then further channel is evaluated by considering the low rank
eigenvalue approximation of channel correlation matrix related
to channel using SSA. Simulation results on bit error rate (BER)
revealed that the method attains an improvement of 7 dB, 5 dB
and 3 dB compared to common LSE, MMSE and SVD based
methods respectively. With the help of statistical correlation coefficient (C) and kurtosis (k), the SSA method utilized to de-noise
the received OFDM signal in addition to CE. In the process of denoising, the received OFDM signal will be decomposed into
different empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) based on the
singular values. It was established that the correlation coefficients
worked well in identifying useful EOFs only up to moderate
(SNR geq 12dB). For low SNR<12 dB, kurtosis was found to be a
useful measure for identifying the useful EOFs. In addition to
outperforming the existing methods, with this de-noising
approach, the mean square error (MSE) of channel estimator is
further improved approximately 1 dB more in SNR at the cost of
computational complexity
Reduced complexity detection for massive MIMO-OFDM wireless communication systems
PhD ThesisThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the uplink massive multiple-input multipleoutput
with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) communication
systems and to design a receiver that has improved performance
with reduced complexity. First, a novel receiver is proposed for coded massive
MIMO-OFDM systems utilizing log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) derived
from complex ratio distributions to model the approximate effective noise
(AEN) probability density function (PDF) at the output of a zero-forcing
equalizer (ZFE). These LLRs are subsequently used to improve the performance
of the decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and turbo
codes. The Neumann large matrix approximation is employed to simplify the
matrix inversion in deriving the PDF.
To verify the PDF of the AEN, Monte-Carlo simulations are used to demonstrate
the close-match fitting between the derived PDF and the experimentally
obtained histogram of the noise in addition to the statistical tests and
the independence verification. In addition, complexity analysis of the LLR
obtained using the newly derived noise PDF is considered. The derived LLR
can be time consuming when the number of receive antennas is very large
in massive MIMO-OFDM systems. Thus, a reduced complexity approximation
is introduced to this LLR using Newton’s interpolation with different
orders and the results are compared to exact simulations. Further simulation
results over time-flat frequency selective multipath fading channels demonstrated
improved performance over equivalent systems using the Gaussian
approximation for the PDF of the noise.
By utilizing the PDF of the AEN, the PDF of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
is obtained. Then, the outage probability, the closed-form capacity and three
approximate expressions for the channel capacity are derived based on that
PDF. The system performance is further investigated by exploiting the PDF
of the AEN to derive the bit error rate (BER) for the massive MIMO-OFDM
system with different M-ary modulations. Then, the pairwise error probability
(PEP) is derived to obtain the upper-bounds for the convolutionally coded
and turbo coded massive MIMO-OFDM systems for different code generators
and receive antennas.
Furthermore, the effect of the fixed point data representation on the performance
of the massive MIMO-OFDM systems is investigated using reduced
detection implementations for MIMO detectors. The motivation for the fixed
point analysis is the need for a reduced complexity detector to be implemented
as an optimum massive MIMO detector with low precision. Different
decomposition schemes are used to build the linear detector based on
the IEEE 754 standard in addition to a user-defined precision for selected
detectors. Simulations are used to demonstrate the behaviour of several matrix
inversion schemes under reduced bit resolution. The numerical results
demonstrate improved performance when using QR-factorization and pivoted
LDLT decomposition schemes at reduced precision.Iraqi Government and the Iraqi
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific researc
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