3,339 research outputs found
Evaporation of a thin film: diffusion of the vapour and Marangoni instabilities
The stability of an evaporating thin liquid film on a solid substrate is
investigated within lubrication theory. The heat flux due to evaporation
induces thermal gradients; the generated Marangoni stresses are accounted for.
Assuming the gas phase at rest, the dynamics of the vapour reduces to
diffusion. The boundary condition at the interface couples transfer from the
liquid to its vapour and diffusion flux. A non-local lubrication equation is
obtained; this non-local nature comes from the Laplace equation associated with
quasi-static diffusion. The linear stability of a flat film is studied in this
general framework. The subsequent analysis is restricted to moderately thick
films for which it is shown that evaporation is diffusion limited and that the
gas phase is saturated in vapour in the vicinity of the interface. The
stability depends only on two control parameters, the capillary and Marangoni
numbers. The Marangoni effect is destabilising whereas capillarity and
evaporation are stabilising processes. The results of the linear stability
analysis are compared with the experiments of Poulard et al (2003) performed in
a different geometry. In order to study the resulting patterns, the amplitude
equation is obtained through a systematic multiple-scale expansion. The
evaporation rate is needed and is computed perturbatively by solving the
Laplace problem for the diffusion of vapour. The bifurcation from the flat
state is found to be a supercritical transition. Moreover, it appears that the
non-local nature of the diffusion problem unusually affects the amplitude
equation
Bayesian inference on compact binary inspiral gravitational radiation signals in interferometric data
Presented is a description of a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) parameter
estimation routine for use with interferometric gravitational radiational data
in searches for binary neutron star inspiral signals. Five parameters
associated with the inspiral can be estimated, and summary statistics are
produced. Advanced MCMC methods were implemented, including importance
resampling and prior distributions based on detection probability, in order to
increase the efficiency of the code. An example is presented from an
application using realistic, albeit fictitious, data.Comment: submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity. 14 pages, 5 figure
Numerical analysis on the effect of normotensive and hypertensive physiological conditions onto hemodynamic characteristics in stented carotid artery
An arterial re-blockage or restenosis by abnormal atherosclerosis and thrombosis progression in carotid artery is associated with the geometry of the implanted medical device, called as stent. However, the physiological conditions consisting of normotensive and hypertensive blood flow in the stented carotid artery are rarely studied in term of hemodynamic characteristic especially near the geometry of the stent strut. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the hemodynamic effect based on its characteristics at different stent strut configurations in carotid artery as well as analyzing the critical parameters at varying blood physiological conditions. Six different geometries of stent that resembles the existing medical device have been studied at three varying physiological conditions of blood. The study was conducted through computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method to analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of the blood flow parameters. In overall physiological condition, the stent geometry of Type VI which are resembling to Acculink (Abbott Vascular), had been shown to have the best hemodynamic characteristic by the parameters of time averaged wall shear stress low (TAWSSlow), oscillatory shear index (OSI) and relative residence time (RRT), which contributed with average luminal surface area percentage about 10.443%, 99.849% and 98.736%, respectively. As the physiological condition of blood flow increased from normotensive to hypertensive, there were two parameters shown to have critical hemodynamic characteristics at different stent geometries which are TAWSSlow and time averaged wall shear stress gradient (TAWSSG) that achieved about 32.388% and 36.629%, respectively. The study had shown that the different stent strut geometries had presented different hemodynamic characteristics due to the effect by the blood flow physiological condition
Higher Spin de Sitter Holography from Functional Determinants
We discuss further aspects of the higher spin dS/CFT correspondence. Using a
recent result of Dunne and Kirsten, it is shown how to numerically compute the
partition function of the free Sp(N) model for a large class of SO(3)
preserving deformations of the flat/round metric on R^3/S^3 and the source of
the spin-zero single-trace operator dual to the bulk scalar. We interpret this
partition function as a Hartle-Hawking wavefunctional. It has a local maximum
about the pure de Sitter vacuum. Restricting to SO(3) preserving deformations,
other local maxima (which exceed the one near the de Sitter vacuum) can peak at
inhomogeneous and anisotropic values of the late time metric and scalar
profile. Numerical experiments suggest the remarkable observation that, upon
fixing a certain average of the bulk scalar profile at I^+, the wavefunction
becomes normalizable in all the other (infinite) directions of the deformation.
We elucidate the meaning of double trace deformations in the context of dS/CFT
as a change of basis and as a convolution. Finally, we discuss possible
extensions of higher spin de Sitter holography by coupling the free theory to a
Chern-Simons term.Comment: 30 pages plus appendices; v2 references adde
Identification of Characteristic Frequency in Proteins using Power Spectral Density
technique for detection of characteristic frequency in proteins using power spectral density is described. The vast majority of proteins binds to other proteins at some time in their existence in order to perform various functions. Characteristic frequency is of utmost importance since it forms the basis for protein-target interaction, both protein and target must share common characteristic frequency for successful binding, thus an approach for identification of characteristic frequency using power spectral density (PSD) has been illustrated in this paper
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