Examining emerging ICT's adoption in SMEs from a dynamic process approach

Purpose – This paper aims to advance information and communication technologies (ICT) adoption research and practice by examining and understanding the emerging ICT adoption in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from a dynamic process perspective using actor-network theory (ANT). Design/methodology/approach – This study employs a qualitative approach to investigate how services SMEs are constantly engaging in ICT adoption for improving business performance. Two rounds of interviews were conducted with 26 interviewees. Data collected from the unstructured and semi-structured interviews were analysed to understand the dynamic adoption process, actors involved and their interactions. Findings – The findings reveal the recursive and dynamic nature of the emerging ICT adoption process and the constant interactions and negotiations of various actors. Underpinned by the key concepts of ANTand validated by the empirical data, a framework is developed to depict the stages of dynamic process of emerging ICT adoption, the actors involved and the associated key activities. Research limitations/implications – Qualitative research is interpretive in nature and the size of the sample used is limited. These limitations require caution for the generalization of the findings. The framework can be further validated across a wider population using mixed methods combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Practical implications – Emerging ICT adoption has moved from a simple adopters’ participation process to involving various actors that constantly interact and influence the process. SMEs manager can be influenced by and influence the technology advancement. As a result, SMEs need constantly interact with various human and non-human actors to keep up with the new ICT development and benefit from the emerging opportunities. Originality/value – The research focuses on the emerging ICT adoption in SMEs from the dynamic process perspective using ANT. It advances ICT adoption research and practice by developing a framework to depict the dynamic and interactive nature of ICT adoption process, and the actors involved and their interactions in the adoption process. Keywords Adoption, Technology adoption, Actor-network theory, Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) Paper type Research pape

Digital Transformation and Social Business: A Practice-Based Pathway Framework for SMEs

This research focuses on the lessons learnt from case studies involving the digital transformation of three London SMEs. The companies adopted social technologies to renovate operations, develop new sets of skills and capabilities and remodel customer value propositions. The transformation processes had common elements that fed through to the companies’ strategies. We conceptualised our research as a network, regarding roles and interventions as network effects, to analyse the adoption process and dynamically link the technology and social context with digital transformation strategy. The lessons learned were distilled into a framework whose two-fold aim is to (a) support organisations through digital transformation and (b) inform organisational strategy. The framework is modular with components that assist and guide the various phases of designing, deploying, implementing and sustaining this transition

The development of a framework on information behaviour of SME managers when adopting emerging ICTs

A thesis submitted to the University of Bedfordshire in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy.Uncertainty and complexity related to emerging ICTs and unpredictable technology changes have put pressure on firms’ knowledge to gather, seek and scan the environment for information during their emerging ICT adoption decision-making process. Furthermore, unstable environment, changing government policy on information technology has contributed to, as well. Also, emerging ICTs have unlocked different and new opportunities and challenges for small businesses as well as open them to uncertainties and risks and their larger counterparts as well. As a result, information becomes significant during adoption decision-making process when adopting emerging ICTs, especially in SMEs because of limited resources. Even with the broad research and literature on adoption decision in SMEs, there is still limited research related to the information behaviours of SME owners when adopting emerging ICTs and factors that influence their information behaviours regarding information sources selection during this process. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore the information behaviour of SME owners during the adoption decisions when adopting emerging ICTs. To advance our understanding in information behaviour when adopting emerging ICTs and show how SME managers can reduce uncertainty related to emerging ICT. This study is interpretive qualitative research, and semi-structured and unstructured face-toface interviews were conducted with twenty SME owners from UK service sector to achieve the objectives of this study. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the participants and the recordings were transcribed. Myers and Newman’s (2007) guidelines for qualitative interview research were used as a guide for the interview process and triangulation methods for the research rigour and quality. Nvivo 10 is used for data analysis. The results demonstrated the importance of information and seeking information on the emerging ICT during adoption decision-making. This study contributes to the development of knowledge and practice in numerous ways. The study proposed a conceptual framework that shows information behaviours of SME owners during emerging ICTs adoption using TOE model as a theoretical underpinning and the framework was validated using triangulation methods. The research findings also explained the contexts of technology, organisation, and environment as information behaviour trigger and perceived information needs during the adoption decision-making process in SMEs. This research contributes to the improvement of SME managers’ information needs, information seeking behaviours; and their information sources were explored; factors that influence their information behaviours were identified through empirical data using technology organisation environment model as theoretical underpinning. and the framework was validated using triangulation methods. The research findings also explained the contexts of technology, organisation, and environment as information behaviour trigger and perceived information needs during the adoption decision-making process in SMEs. This research contributes to the improvement of knowledge and practical at different stages. Theoretically, the study has taken academic research forward in the research area of information behaviour and ICTs adoption in SME in service industry using TOE model as theoretical underpinning. SMEs could use the practical contribution of the research result in the service industry in the UK, and any SMEs which are based in a related economy and environment, to have better information about emerging ICTs during adoption decision-making process. These findings gave further insight into IT adoption in SMEs through information behaviours and highlighted the significant of sources of information and pre-information gathering, and the factors that influence information sources such as herd event, information usefulness, and perceived information sources credibility during the decision-making for adopting emerging ICT

An Innovation Diffusion Approach to Examining the Adoption of Social Media by Small Businesses: an Australian Case Study

Whilst many studies have examined social media use from a consumer perspective, relatively few have examined its use by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), a group for whom it is becoming increasingly important. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of an under-researched area, the experience of SMEs during the process of adopting social media, by identifying the factors that influence SMEs to either adopt social media or not and, if they adopt it, how they use it and evaluate its usefulness. The study involves analysis of in-depth interviews with 42 Australian businesses. Roger’s innovation decision process is used in an innovative manner to classify SMEs into five key stages of adoption of social media and identify the factors that influence the progression of SMEs across the various stages of adoption. The results show that the story of social media use is richer than just whether SMEs adopt it or not. Most participants used Facebook, suggesting it has become the de facto platform of choice to engage with social media. However, opinions of its perceived usefulness for SMEs varied widely across users. There was confusion surrounding the role of Twitter, its value, and concern about the amount of time needed to use it. YouTube was used by some SMEs to showcase their products or services. The study contributes to the literature by identifying key facilitators which appear critical to the decision by SMEs to continue use of social media – namely increased sales; brand development and a feeling of pressure that they ‘have to be there’. It also identifies some inhibitors to sustained use by SMEs, typically a lack of compatibility to industry sector; insufficient followership; and limited return on investment compared to effort required. Finally, the study shows how SMEs differentiate between social media platforms. Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/pajais/vol9/iss3/2

The Case for a Multi-Methodological, Cross-Disciplinary Approach to the Analysis of ICT Investment and Projects in the Developing World

This article makes the case for greater collaboration and communication between scholars and practitioners of information communications technology (ICT) for development projects and for the use of multi-methodological, cross-disciplinary approaches to understand what will make for more successful endeavors in this important arena, the necessity of which is reflected in the widespread use of public-private partnerships. To this end, we utilize both macro- and micro-level analyses to examine ICT investment in the developing world. The first research question—can ICT investment be shown to contribute to economic growth?—is addressed through econometric analysis. Though our model finds evidence to the affirmative, macro-level models often do not account for how ICT funds are employed, differentiate growth effects, or discern the characteristics of specific initiatives that make them more or less likely to succeed. This is where the case-study level of analysis becomes essential. This approach is used to address our second research question: whether successful strategies found among case studies can better inform policy prescription. To this end, we present a case study of a project based in rural Vietnam, followed by a summary of findings that unifies the lessons learned. In this way we intend to shed light on policy prescription, improve the outcomes of ICT initiatives, and present a first step in the mixed-methodological, cross-disciplinary direction

Blockchain Adoption Framework Using Innovation Translation Approach - The preliminary study

Given the rapid move of organisations towards blockchain adoption, this paper focuses on the niche area associated with blockchain technology adoption. Literature is scarce around the explorative view of the blockchain adoption process and a need to identify the interplay of human and non-human elements at several points that influence the actions and ultimately the decision to adopt a blockchain application. This study investigates the blockchain adoption process from an explorative view and determines yet uncovered aspects to be considered before and while adopting blockchain. For this purpose, the study employed an Innovation Translation approach informed by Actor-Network Theory to identify the interactions among actors at each moment of blockchain adoption. The results of the study are crucial for blockchain literature as it fills gaps of empirically investigated, explorative and dynamic insight into the process and assists potential adopters in realising the interactions required before and during successful adoption process

A knowledge management-based conceptual model to improve the level of utilization of ICTs in Mexican SMEs

The current commercial context for the Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is an ever-changing environment that is strongly influenced by the information and communication technologies (ICTs). This has led enterprises to implement these technologies as supportive tools for their business processes. Nevertheless, a vast number of SMEs have not obtained favorable results in implementing ICTs, since the lack of knowledge about the potential and application of these technologies has made this technological implementation activity prevail as an action oriented to the simple acquisition of equipment and informatic systems with a short-term vision without considering a business strategy. The aim of this paper is to perform a literature review that shows evidence of the low utilization of ICTs in SMEs, particularly in the Mexican environment, which leads to proposing a different approach where enterprises consider Knowledge Management (KM) in the implementation of the informatic technology, leading to a conceptual model to ensure human, organizational and relational capital provide the proper capabilities to complement a strategy that implies carrying out a correct acquisition and application of knowledge that contributes to improving the utilization of ICTs in the business processes

Proposition of a method based on mind maps to study changes in users’ perceptions during an IS/IT adoption process

Although knowledge about IS/IT adoption is very broad, it is fragmented, and we still do not understand well how users move dynamically from one stage to another during the adoption process, that is, from when a user knows a new technology until, if the process is successful, she/he incorporates it into her/his routine. One of the causes of this theoretical limitation relates to the lack of methodologies that help researchers analyze longitudinally collected data and distinguish changes that occur over time as participants experience the implementation of the new system. In this article, we present a method based on mind maps that allows researchers to graphically synthesize the mental processes experienced by individuals as they adopt a new system. The method allows comparing and measuring changes among mental models of an individual in different stages of the adoption. Findings show that this method better reflects user perceptions than others based on surveys and technical processing of textual data. Using mind maps is a novel contribution to researching and understanding technology adoption in a holistic way and with methods that include time as a contextual variable in the adoption process

How ICT Introduction is changing processes in manufacturing SMEs

Information and communication Technologies (ICTs) have the potential to help notably to economic growth. Given their many profits, small and medium businesses are bringing in ICTs to support their profitability, productivity and competitiveness. Nevertheless, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have different behaviours than larger organization because of the particular characteristics of SMEs, such us resources constrains. This paper studies some aspects of ICT adoption trying to explain why organizations should introduce them in their processes, such as the key factors that influence the adoption and use of ICTs, the direct and indirect effects of ICT introduction or some drives, risks or barriers that organizations will have if they are thinking about introducing ICTs in their processesDepartamento de Organización de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de MercadosGrado en Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriale