78,563 research outputs found
Analyzing collaborative learning processes automatically
In this article we describe the emerging area of text classification research focused on the problem of collaborative learning process analysis both from a broad perspective and more specifically in terms of a publicly available tool set called TagHelper tools. Analyzing the variety of pedagogically valuable facets of learners’ interactions is a time consuming and effortful process. Improving automated analyses of such highly valued processes of collaborative learning by adapting and applying recent text classification technologies would make it a less arduous task to obtain insights from corpus data. This endeavor also holds the potential for enabling substantially improved on-line instruction both by providing teachers and facilitators with reports about the groups they are moderating and by triggering context sensitive collaborative learning support on an as-needed basis. In this article, we report on an interdisciplinary research project, which has been investigating the effectiveness of applying text classification technology to a large CSCL corpus that has been analyzed by human coders using a theory-based multidimensional coding scheme. We report promising results and include an in-depth discussion of important issues such as reliability, validity, and efficiency that should be considered when deciding on the appropriateness of adopting a new technology such as TagHelper tools. One major technical contribution of this work is a demonstration that an important piece of the work towards making text classification technology effective for this purpose is designing and building linguistic pattern detectors, otherwise known as features, that can be extracted reliably from texts and that have high predictive power for the categories of discourse actions that the CSCL community is interested in
Survey of the State of the Art in Natural Language Generation: Core tasks, applications and evaluation
This paper surveys the current state of the art in Natural Language
Generation (NLG), defined as the task of generating text or speech from
non-linguistic input. A survey of NLG is timely in view of the changes that the
field has undergone over the past decade or so, especially in relation to new
(usually data-driven) methods, as well as new applications of NLG technology.
This survey therefore aims to (a) give an up-to-date synthesis of research on
the core tasks in NLG and the architectures adopted in which such tasks are
organised; (b) highlight a number of relatively recent research topics that
have arisen partly as a result of growing synergies between NLG and other areas
of artificial intelligence; (c) draw attention to the challenges in NLG
evaluation, relating them to similar challenges faced in other areas of Natural
Language Processing, with an emphasis on different evaluation methods and the
relationships between them.Comment: Published in Journal of AI Research (JAIR), volume 61, pp 75-170. 118
pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl
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Improving a tutor’s feedback assessment tool: transforming Open Mentor following two recent deployments
Evidence shows the vital role that the quality of feedback plays on students’ performance and on the overall increase of learning opportunities that good feedback creates for students. Based on this evidence, the Open University developed Open Mentor (OM), a system to support tutors enhance their feedback practice. Open Mentor Technology transfer (OMTetra), a JISC funded project, took OM and deployed it in two Higher Education institutions with the purpose of evaluating the process of transferability and continue the development of the tools available to tutors within the system. This paper describes the original OM and the enhancements identified after use and evaluations from tutors of the institutions involved
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Building capacity in climate change policy analysis and negotiation: methods and technologies
Capacity building is often cited as the reason “we cannot just pour money into developing countries” and why so many development projects fail because their design does not address local conditions. It is therefore a key technical and political concept in international development.
Some of the poorest countries in the world are also some of the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Their vulnerability is in part due to a lack of capacity to plan and anticipate the effects of climate change on crops, water resources, urban electricity demand etc. What capacities do these countries lack to deal with climate change? How will they cope? What steps can they take to reduce their vulnerability?
This innovative and high-profile research project was part of a larger project (called C3D) and conducted with non-governmental organisations in Senegal, South Africa and Sri Lanka. The research involved several participatory workshops and a questionnaire to all three research centres
Identifying Relationships Among Sentences in Court Case Transcripts Using Discourse Relations
Case Law has a significant impact on the proceedings of legal cases.
Therefore, the information that can be obtained from previous court cases is
valuable to lawyers and other legal officials when performing their duties.
This paper describes a methodology of applying discourse relations between
sentences when processing text documents related to the legal domain. In this
study, we developed a mechanism to classify the relationships that can be
observed among sentences in transcripts of United States court cases. First, we
defined relationship types that can be observed between sentences in court case
transcripts. Then we classified pairs of sentences according to the
relationship type by combining a machine learning model and a rule-based
approach. The results obtained through our system were evaluated using human
judges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study where discourse
relationships between sentences have been used to determine relationships among
sentences in legal court case transcripts.Comment: Conference: 2018 International Conference on Advances in ICT for
Emerging Regions (ICTer
Community outcome processes as a forum for community governance
Research for this report is part of a project on evaluating the quality of planning and governance
under the Local Government Act 2002 (LGA). This is the first of two complementary reports aiming to develop and
test a methodology for evaluating the LGA community outcomes processes and the related
monitoring and reporting frameworks and apply it to selected councils. This report focuses on
interrogation of community outcome processes facilitated by local authorities as a forum for
community governance. Out of this study we have developed a generic framework for
deliberative engagement
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